cobbler自动化部署

一、下载cobbler及其所需要的软件

# yum  install httpd cobbler xinetd tftp-server dhcp syslinux -y

syslinux: 提供pxelinux.0这个文件 ，pxelinux.0引导文件引导vmlinux和initrd两个启动文件

yum安装cobbler需要使用下面两个源，大家可以复制下面的代码到自己的yum仓库保存即可

[epel]
name=epel
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/7/x86_64/

[centos]
name=centos base
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/

第二步：配置DHCP服务

# vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

subnet 192.168.182.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
  range 192.168.182.150 192.168.182.155;
  default-lease-time 600;
  max-lease-time 7200;
  filename "pxelinux.0";
}

# systemctl restart dhcpd

第三步、配置tftp

#vim /etc/xinetd.d/tftp

# default: off

# description: The tftp server serves files using the trivial file transfer
#    protocol.  The tftp protocol is often used to boot diskless
#    workstations, download configuration files to network-aware printers,
#    and to start the installation process for some operating systems.
service tftp
{
    socket_type        = dgram
    protocol        = udp
    wait            = yes
    user            = root
    server            = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
    server_args        = -s /var/lib/tftpboot
    disable            = no        #yes改为no
    per_source        = 11
    cps            = 100 2
    flags            = IPv4
}

 

# systemctl restart xinetd

四、启动Apache

# systemctl restart httpd

五、启动cobbler

# systemctl restart cobblerd

六、检查cobbler配置

# cobbler check

 常见错误及修改方式

　The following are potential configuration items that you may want to fix:
　　1: The 'server' field in /etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something other than localhost, or kickstarting features will not work.  This should be a resolvable hostname or IP for the boot server as reachable by all machines that will use it.
　　2: For PXE to be functional, the 'next_server' field in /etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something other than 127.0.0.1, and should match the IP of the boot server on the PXE network.
　　3: Some network boot-loaders are missing from /var/lib/cobbler/loaders, you may run 'cobbler get-loaders' to download them, or, if you only want to handle x86/x86_64 netbooting, you may ensure that you have installed a *recent* version of the syslinux package installed and can ignore this message entirely.  Files in this directory, should you want to support all architectures, should include pxelinux.0, menu.c32, elilo.efi, and yaboot. The 'cobbler get-loaders' command is the easiest way to resolve these requirements.
　　4: enable and start rsyncd.service with systemctl
　　5: debmirror package is not installed, it will be required to manage debian deployments and repositories
　　6: The default password used by the sample templates for newly installed machines (default_password_crypted in /etc/cobbler/settings) is still set to 'cobbler' and should be changed, try: "openssl passwd -1 -salt 'random-phrase-here' 'your-password-here'" to generate new one
　　7: fencing tools were not found, and are required to use the (optional) power management features. install cman or fence-agents to use them

Restart cobblerd and then run 'cobbler sync' to apply changes.

 根据如上反馈，需要一一进行修改才能继续进行

修改配置文件/etc/cobbler/settings

问题一：

　  cobbler文件默认是127.0.0.1本地回环地址，需要更改为提供cobbler服务的ip地址 192.168.182.128,在384行

　　384 server: 192.168.182.128

问题二：

　　netx_server也是默认本地127.0.0.1回环地址，需要修改为提供cobbler服务的ip地址 192.163.182,128，在272行出

　　272 next_server: 192.168.182.128

问题三：

     可以忽略

问题四：

     启动rsync即可

　　# systemctl restart rsyncd

　　# systemctl enable rsyncd

问题五：

可以忽略 

问题六：

创建密码

　　# openssl passwd -1 -salt "123" "123456"

　　$1$123$7mft0jKnzzvAdU4t0unTG1

并把新生成的加密数据填写进/etc/cobbler/settings

　　101 default_password_crypted: "$1$123$7mft0jKnzzvAdU4t0unTG1"

问题七：

可以忽略

以上问题解决之后，需要同步和重启

# systemctl restart cobblerd

#cobbler check

# cobbler sync

七、挂载光盘并进行数据导入

# mount  /dev/cdrom /mnt

# cobbler import --path=/mnt --name="centos7.5"

# cobbler distro list

# cobbler profile list

八、配置kickstar文件

# cp anaconda-ks.cfg /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/ks.cfg

# vim /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/ks.cfg

#version=DEVEL
# System authorization information
auth --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512
# Use CDROM installation media
url --url=http://192.168.182.128/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7.5/  #这里需要更改为repodata所在的http地址
# Use graphical install
graphical
# Run the Setup Agent on first boot
firstboot --enable
ignoredisk --only-use=sda
# Keyboard layouts
keyboard --vckeymap=us --xlayouts='us'
# System language
lang en_US.UTF-8

# Network information
network  --bootproto=dhcp --device=ens33 --ipv6=auto --no-activate
network  --hostname=localhost.localdomain

# Root password
rootpw --iscrypted $6rootpw --iscrypted $6$7zu1wIUDgBGEFV1Y$KsLVeaGmyN92.QHr1fqKdTqPu8PDmd8K9V/s3Ru8NxE53NZz4gQKsmP6K0udcXVvDtponekICYUw

BD7tYZJqU/

# System services
services --disabled="chronyd"
# System timezone
timezone Asia/Shanghai --isUtc --nontp
# System bootloader configuration
bootloader --location=mbr --boot-drive=sda
autopart --type=lvm
# Partition clearing information
clearpart --none --initlabel

%packages
@^minimal
@core

%end

%addon com_redhat_kdump --disable --reserve-mb='auto'

%end

%anaconda
pwpolicy root --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
pwpolicy user --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --emptyok
pwpolicy luks --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty

%end

九、自定义profile

#  cobbler profile add --distro=centos7.5-x86_64 --name=centos7.5_ken --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/ks.cfg

# cobbler sync

十、查看profile

# cobbler profile list

十一、删除不包含ks文件的profile

# cobbler profile remove --name=centos7.5-x86_64

# cobbler profile list