SpringMVC学习一

看视频做笔记第一天

1.环境搭配：MyEclipse10.7，tomcat9.0   jdk1.6

2.目录结构：

3.运行效果：

    

页面代码：

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0" 
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
  <display-name></display-name>    
  
  
  <!-- 
          配置org.springframework.web.filer.HiddenHttpMethodFilter:可以把POST请求转为DELETE或POST请求
   -->
   <filter>
             <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
               <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
   
   </filter>
   <filter-mapping>
               <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
               <!-- 过滤所有请求 -->
               <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
   </filter-mapping>
   <!-- 配置DispatcherServlet -->
  
          <servlet>
              <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
              <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
              <!-- 配置 DispatcherServlet的一个初始化参数:配置SpringMvc 配置文件的位置和名称-->
                   <init-param>
                      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
                      <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
              </init-param>
              <!-- 也可以不通过contextConfigLocation 来配置SpringMvc的配置文件，而使用默认的
                      默认的配置文件为：/WEB-INF/<servlet-name>-servlet.xml
                          /WEB-INF/springDispatcherServlet-servlet.xml
              -->
                  
          <!-- 设置启动 -->
          <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
          </servlet>
          
          <servlet-mapping>
          <!-- 请求处理 -->
              <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
              <!-- /:应答所有请求 -->
              <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
          </servlet-mapping>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

springmvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 
         xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
 
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
 
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
 
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
 
  xsi:schemaLocation="
 
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans    
 
                 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
     
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc      
 
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
 
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
 
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
 
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
 
             http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd">
             
             <!-- 配置自定义扫描包 -->
             <context:component-scan base-package="como.springmvc.handlers"></context:component-scan>
           <!-- 配置视图解析器：如何把handler方法返回值解析为实际的物理视图 -->
           
           <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
                       <!-- 前缀 -->
                       <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"></property>
                       <!-- 后缀 -->
                       <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
           </bean>
           </beans>
 
 

HelloWorld.java

package como.springmvc.handlers;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;


@Controller
public class HelloWorld {
    /*1.使用@RequestMapping 注解来映射请求的URL，与index.jsp中的请求一致
    2.返回值会通过视图解析器解析为实际的物理视图，对于InternalResourceViewResolver视图解析器
        会做如下解析:
        通过prefix  +  returnVal +后缀  这样的方式得到实际的物理视图，然后做转发操作
        /WEB-INF/views/+success+.jsp
    
    */
    @RequestMapping("/helloworld")
            public String hello(){
                System.out.println("hello world");
                return "success";
            }
}

SpringMvcTest.java

package como.springmvc.handlers;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

@RequestMapping("/springmvc")//类定义处标记的@RequestMapping限定了处理器类可以处理所有URL为/springmvc的请求
//它对于WEB容器部署的根路径
@Controller//请求处理器
public class SpringMvcTest {
            private static final String SUCCESS="success";
            
            /*
             * Rest风格的URL
             * 以CURD为例
             * 新增：/order  POST
             * 修改：/order/1 PUT
             * 获取：/order/1 GET
             * 删除：/order/1 DELETE
             * 
             * 如何发送PUT和DELETE请求：
             * 1.配置HiddenHttpMethodFilter
             * 2.发送POST请求
             * 3.在发送POST请求时请求携带一个name="_method"的隐藏域，值为DELETE或PUT（见index.jsp）
             * 
             * 
             * 
             * */
            
            @RequestMapping(value="/testRest/{id}",method=RequestMethod.GET)
            public String  testRest(@PathVariable Integer id){
                System.out.println("testRequest GET:"+id);
                return SUCCESS;
            }
            
            //post请求没有参数，新增
            @RequestMapping(value="/testRest",method=RequestMethod.POST)
            public String  testRest(){
                System.out.println("testRequest POST");
                return SUCCESS;
            }
            
            @RequestMapping(value="/testRest/{id}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
            public String  testRestDelete(@PathVariable Integer id){
                System.out.println("testRequest DELETE:"+id);
                return SUCCESS;
            }
            
            @RequestMapping(value="/testRest/{id}",method=RequestMethod.PUT)
            public String  testRestPUT(@PathVariable Integer id){
                System.out.println("testRequest PUT:"+id);
                return SUCCESS;
            }
            /*在SpringMvc的目标方法中如何得到id
            使用@PathVariable注解
            @PathVariable("id")将jsp页面id映射过来
            
            */
            @RequestMapping("/testPathVariable/{id}")
            public String testPathVariable(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
                System.out.println("testPathVariable:"+id);
                return SUCCESS;
            }
            
            //Ant风格支持三种匹配符，？，*，**
            
            @RequestMapping("/testAntPath/*/abc")
            public String testAntPath(){
                System.out.println("testAnt");
                return SUCCESS;
            }
            
            //@RequestMapping 请求头和请求参数
            @RequestMapping(value="/testParamsAndHeaders",
                    params={"username","age!=10"}
            //,headers={"Accept-langeage=zh-CN;q=0.8"}
            )
            public String testParamsAndHeaders(){
                System.out.println();
                return SUCCESS;
            }
            
                    
            //常用：使用method属性指定请求方式
            @RequestMapping(value="/testMethod",method=RequestMethod.POST)
                    public String testMethod(){
                        System.out.println("testMethod");
                        return SUCCESS;
                    }
            
            
            /*     
             * @RequestMapping 除了修饰方法还可以修饰类
             * 
             * */
            
            @RequestMapping("/testRequestMapping")//修饰类，处理器类可以定义多个处理方法，处理来自/springmvc下的请求
            public String testRequestMapping(){
                System.out.println("testRequestMapping");
                return SUCCESS;
            }
            
}

success.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'success.jsp' starting page</title>
    
  </head>
  
  <body>
   success page. <br>
  </body>
</html>

index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->
  </head>
  
  <body>
  <form action="springmvc/testMethod" method="POST">
          <input type="submit" value="submit">
  </form>
  -------------------------------------------------------
  <form action="springmvc/testRest/1" method="post">
  <!-- name里的Method加下划线 -->
  <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="PUT" />
          <input type="submit" value="TestRest PUT">
  </form>
  <br>
  <form action="springmvc/testRest/1" method="post">
  <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="DELETE" />
          <input type="submit" value="TestRest DELETE">
  </form>
  <br>
   <form action="springmvc/testRest" method="POST">
          <input type="submit" value="TestRest POST">
  </form>
  <br>
  <a href="springmvc/testRest/1">test Rest Get</a>
  <br>
  -----------------------------------------------------------------
  <br>
  <a href="springmvc/testPathVariable/1">test PathVariable</a>
  <br>
  <a href="springmvc/testAntPath/mzz/abc">test AntPath</a>
  <br>
   <a href="springmvc/testRequestMapping">test Request Mapping</a>
    <a href="helloworld">hello world</a>
    <br>
    <!-- age=10会出现404错误  找不到映射-->
    <a href="springmvc/testParamsAndHeaders?username=lili&age=10">ParamsAnd Headers</a>
    <br>
     <a href="springmvc/testParamsAndHeaders?username=lili&age=14">ParamsAnd Headers</a>
    
  </body>
</html>

前几天看了一点Spring，现在开始接触SpringMvc，学的有点急，过程还不是很懂，慢慢来吧。。。。。。

 在写REST的时候报了一个错误：HTTP Status 405 - JSPs only permit GET POS

看贴吧的解决方法用了第三种

第一：tomcat换到7.0以及以下版本
第二：请求先转给一个Controller,再返回jsp页面
第三种：在你的success页面头部文件将
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8" isErrorPage="true"%>
多加一句话：isErrorPage设置为true，默认为false