hibernate关联关系(多对多)

一、一对多自关联实例：

数据库表 t_hibernate_sys_tree_node：

实体类 TreeNode：

package com.liuwenwu.four.entity;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

public class TreeNode {
    private Integer nodeId;
    private String nodeName;
    private Integer treeNodeType;
    private Integer position;
    private String url;
    private TreeNode parent;
    private Set<TreeNode> children = new HashSet<TreeNode>();
    private Integer initChildren = 0;
//    0是代表懒加载  1强制加载子节点  2强制加载用户  3强制加载两个

    public Integer getNodeId() {
        return nodeId;
    }

    public void setNodeId(Integer nodeId) {
        this.nodeId = nodeId;
    }

    public String getNodeName() {
        return nodeName;
    }

    public void setNodeName(String nodeName) {
        this.nodeName = nodeName;
    }

    public Integer getTreeNodeType() {
        return treeNodeType;
    }

    public void setTreeNodeType(Integer treeNodeType) {
        this.treeNodeType = treeNodeType;
    }

    public Integer getPosition() {
        return position;
    }

    public void setPosition(Integer position) {
        this.position = position;
    }

    public String getUrl() {
        return url;
    }

    public void setUrl(String url) {
        this.url = url;
    }

    public TreeNode getParent() {
        return parent;
    }

    public void setParent(TreeNode parent) {
        this.parent = parent;
    }

    public Set<TreeNode> getChildren() {
        return children;
    }

    public void setChildren(Set<TreeNode> children) {
        this.children = children;
    }

    public Integer getInitChildren() {
        return initChildren;
    }

    public void setInitChildren(Integer initChildren) {
        this.initChildren = initChildren;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "TreeNode [nodeId=" + nodeId + ", nodeName=" + nodeName + ", treeNodeType=" + treeNodeType
                + ", position=" + position + ", url=" + url + "]";
    }
}

配置实体类映射关系 TreeNode.hbm.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="com.liuwenwu.four.entity.TreeNode" table="t_hibernate_sys_tree_node">
        <id name="nodeId" type="java.lang.Integer" column="tree_node_id">
            <generator class="increment" />
        </id>
        <property name="nodeName" type="java.lang.String"
            column="tree_node_name">
        </property>
        <property name="treeNodeType" type="java.lang.Integer"
            column="tree_node_type">
        </property>
        <property name="position" type="java.lang.Integer"
            column="position">
        </property>
        <property name="url" type="java.lang.String"
            column="url">
        </property>
        
        <many-to-one name="parent" class="com.liuwenwu.four.entity.TreeNode" column="parent_node_id"/>
        
        <set name="children" cascade="save-update" inverse="true">
            <key column="parent_node_id"></key>
            <one-to-many class="com.liuwenwu.four.entity.TreeNode"/>
        </set>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

主配置文件 hibernate.cfg.xml添加

<!-- 一对多的自关联 -->
<mapping resource="com/liuwenwu/four/entity/TreeNode.hbm.xml"/>

dao方法 TreeNodeDao：

package com.liuwenwu.four.dao;

import org.hibernate.Hibernate;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;

import com.liuwenwu.four.entity.TreeNode;
import com.liuwenwu.two.util.SessionFactoryUtils;

public class TreeNodeDao {
    public TreeNode load(TreeNode treeNode) {
        Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
        Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
        TreeNode t = session.load(TreeNode.class, treeNode.getNodeId());
        if(t != null && new Integer(1).equals(treeNode.getInitChildren())) {
            Hibernate.initialize(t.getChildren());
            Hibernate.initialize(t.getParent());
        }
        transaction.commit();
        session.close();
        return t;
    }
}

Junit测试类 TreeNodeDaoTest：

package com.liuwenwu.four.dao;

import org.junit.Test;

import com.liuwenwu.four.entity.TreeNode;

public class TreeNodeDaoTest {
    private TreeNodeDao treeNodeDao = new TreeNodeDao();

    @Test
    public void testLoad() {
        TreeNode treeNode = new TreeNode();
        treeNode.setNodeId(6);
        treeNode.setInitChildren(1);
        TreeNode t = this.treeNodeDao.load(treeNode);
//        当前节点
        System.out.println(t);
//        父节点
        System.out.println(t.getParent());
//        子节点
        System.out.println(t.getChildren());
    }
}

不需要迭代也可以查出当前节点的父节点与子节点，看似很方便，但是关联的表越多 那if判断就要写得越多，维护起来麻烦 性能差   如下：

package com.liuwenwu.four.dao;

import org.hibernate.Hibernate;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;

import com.liuwenwu.four.entity.TreeNode;
import com.liuwenwu.two.util.SessionFactoryUtils;

public class TreeNodeDao {
    public TreeNode load(TreeNode treeNode) {
        Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
        Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
        TreeNode t = session.load(TreeNode.class, treeNode.getNodeId());
        //强制加载子节点
        if(t != null && new Integer(1).equals(treeNode.getInitChildren())) {
            Hibernate.initialize(t.getParent());
        }
        //强制加载用户
        if(t != null && new Integer(2).equals(treeNode.getInitChildren())) {
            Hibernate.initialize(t.getChildren());
        }
        //强制加载两个
        if(t != null && new Integer(3).equals(treeNode.getInitChildren())) {
            Hibernate.initialize(t.getChildren());
            Hibernate.initialize(t.getParent());
        }
        transaction.commit();
        session.close();
        return t;
    }
}

二、多对多实例：

实体类 Book：

package com.liuwenwu.four.entity;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

public class Book implements Serializable{
//    book_id int primary key auto_increment,
//       book_name varchar(50) not null,
//       price float not null
    private Integer bookId;
    private String bookName;
    private Float price;
    
    private Set<Category> categories = new HashSet<Category>();
    private Integer initCategories = 0;

    public Integer getInitCategories() {
        return initCategories;
    }

    public void setInitCategories(Integer initCategories) {
        this.initCategories = initCategories;
    }

    public Integer getBookId() {
        return bookId;
    }

    public void setBookId(Integer bookId) {
        this.bookId = bookId;
    }

    public String getBookName() {
        return bookName;
    }

    public void setBookName(String bookName) {
        this.bookName = bookName;
    }

    public Float getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public void setPrice(Float price) {
        this.price = price;
    }

    public Set<Category> getCategories() {
        return categories;
    }

    public void setCategories(Set<Category> categories) {
        this.categories = categories;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Book [bookId=" + bookId + ", bookName=" + bookName + ", price=" + price + "]";
    }

    public Book(Integer bookId, String bookName) {
        super();
        this.bookId = bookId;
        this.bookName = bookName;
    }

    public Book() {
        super();
    }
}

实体类 Category：

package com.liuwenwu.four.entity;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

public class Category implements Serializable{
//    category_id int primary key auto_increment,
//       category_name varchar(50) not null
    private Integer categoryId;
    private String categoryName;
    private Set<Book> books = new HashSet<Book>();
    public Integer getCategoryId() {
        return categoryId;
    }
    public void setCategoryId(Integer categoryId) {
        this.categoryId = categoryId;
    }
    public String getCategoryName() {
        return categoryName;
    }
    public void setCategoryName(String categoryName) {
        this.categoryName = categoryName;
    }
    public Set<Book> getBooks() {
        return books;
    }
    public void setBooks(Set<Book> books) {
        this.books = books;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Category [categoryId=" + categoryId + ", categoryName=" + categoryName + "]";
    }
    
}

配置实体类映射关系 book.hbm.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="com.liuwenwu.four.entity.Book" table="t_hibernate_book">
        <id name="bookId" type="java.lang.Integer" column="book_id">
            <generator class="increment" />
        </id>
        <property name="bookName" type="java.lang.String"
            column="book_name">
        </property>
        <property name="price" type="java.lang.Float"
            column="price">
        </property>
        <!-- 
            table:代表的是中间表
            name:书籍类的关联属性
            inverse:中间表交于对方维护
            key:当前类对应的表列段在中间表(t_hibernate_book_category)中的外键(bid)
            many-to-many:
                column:对应的是上面key查出来的中间表(t_hibernate_book_category)的另一个字段(cid)，
                             当做关联表的主键(category_id)进行查询
                class:上述查出来的主键对应的实体类
            
            流程：已查询book_id=1圣墟这本书为例
                1、通多建模反射自动生成sql，可以拿到book_id=8这条记录的基本信息{book_id=1，book_name=西游记，price=50}
                2、book_id=1->bid=1去查询中间表(t_hibernate_book_category)
                    拿到了cid=1,2
                3、cid=1,2->t_hibernate_book_category的category_id=1,2
                4、拿到了当前book实例对应的category的集合
                5、最终{book_id=1，book_name=西游记，price=50}
                   ->{book_id=1，book_name=西游记，price=50，categories=[categoryId=2, categoryName=神话], Category [categoryId=1, categoryName=古典]}
         -->
        <set table="t_hibernate_book_category" name="categories" cascade="save-update" inverse="true">
            <!-- one -->
            <key column="bid"></key>
            <!-- many -->
            <many-to-many column="cid" class="com.liuwenwu.four.entity.Category"></many-to-many>
        </set>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

配置实体类映射关系 category.hbm.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="com.liuwenwu.four.entity.Category" table="t_hibernate_category">
        <id name="categoryId" type="java.lang.Integer" column="category_id">
            <generator class="increment" />
        </id>
        <property name="categoryName" type="java.lang.String"
            column="category_name">
        </property>
        
        <set table="t_hibernate_book_category" name="books" cascade="save-update" inverse="true">
            <key column="cid"></key>
            <many-to-many column="bid" class="com.liuwenwu.four.entity.Book"></many-to-many>
        </set>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

主配置文件 hibernate.cfg.xml：

<!-- 多对多关联 -->
<mapping resource="com/liuwenwu/four/entity/Book.hbm.xml"/>
<mapping resource="com/liuwenwu/four/entity/Category.hbm.xml"/>

dao方法 BookDao ：

package com.liuwenwu.four.dao;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.hibernate.Hibernate;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.query.Query;

import com.liuwenwu.four.entity.Book;
import com.liuwenwu.four.entity.Category;
import com.liuwenwu.two.util.SessionFactoryUtils;

import antlr.StringUtils;

public class BookDao{
    public Integer addBook(Book book) {
        Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
        Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
        Integer bid = (Integer) session.save(book);
        transaction.commit();
        session.close();
        return bid;
    }
    
    public Integer addCategory(Category category) {
        Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
        Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
        Integer cid = (Integer) session.save(category);
        transaction.commit();
        session.close();
        return cid;
    }
    
    public Category getCategory(Category category) {
        Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
        Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
        Category c = session.get(Category.class, category.getCategoryId());
        transaction.commit();
        session.close();
        return c;
    }
    
    public Book getBook(Book book) {
        Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
        Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
        Book b = session.get(Book.class, book.getBookId());
        if (b != null && new Integer(1).equals(book.getInitCategories())) {
            Hibernate.initialize(b.getCategories());
        }
        transaction.commit();
        session.close();
        return b;
    }
    
    public void delBook(Book book) {
        Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
        Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
        session.delete(book);
        transaction.commit();
        session.close();
    }
    
    public void delCategory(Category category) {
        Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
        Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
        Category c = session.get(Category.class, category.getCategoryId());
        if(c!=null) {
            for (Book b : c.getBooks()) {
//                通过在被控方通过主控方来解除关联关系，最后被控方再做删除
                b.getCategories().remove(c);
            }
        }
        session.delete(c);
        transaction.commit();
        session.close();
    }
}

Junit测试类 BookDaoTest：

package com.liuwenwu.four.dao;
import org.junit.Test;
import com.liuwenwu.four.entity.Book;
import com.liuwenwu.four.entity.Category;

public class BookDaoTest {
    private BookDao bookDao = new BookDao();

    @Test
    public void testGetBook() {
        Book book = new Book();
        book.setBookId(1);
        book.setInitCategories(1);
        Book b = this.bookDao.getBook(book );
        System.out.println(b.getBookName());
        System.out.println(b.getCategories());
    }
    
    /**
     * book.hbm.xml    inverse=fasle
     * category.hbm.xml inverse=true
     * 数据添加正常
     * 书籍表、桥接表各新增一条数据(级联新增)
     */
    @Test
    public void test1() {
        Book book = new Book();
        book.setBookName("少年阿宾2");
        book.setPrice(10f);
        Category category = new Category();
        category.setCategoryId(5);
//        直接将category对象加入到新建的book中是错误的，因为此时的category是临时态的，hibernate是不会管理的
//        book.getCategories().add(category);
        Category c = this.bookDao.getCategory(category);
        
//        c.getBooks().add(book);
        book.getCategories().add(c);
        this.bookDao.addBook(book);
    }

    /**
     * book.hbm.xml    inverse=true
     * category.hbm.xml inverse=true
     * 只增加书籍表数据
     * 桥接表不加数据
     * 原因：双方都没有去维护关系
     */
    @Test
    public void test2() {
        Book book = new Book();
        book.setBookName("诡秘之主");
        book.setPrice(99f);
        Category category = new Category();
        category.setCategoryId(4);
        Category c = this.bookDao.getCategory(category);
        
        book.getCategories().add(c);
        this.bookDao.addBook(book);
//        c.getBooks().add(book);
    }
}

联级查询 已知书本ID查出书本信息以及书本所属类别

    /**
     * 联级查询
     */
    @Test
    public void testGetBook() {
        Book book = new Book();
        book.setBookId(1);
        book.setInitCategories(1);
        Book b = this.bookDao.getBook(book );
        System.out.println(b.getBookName());
        System.out.println(b.getCategories());
    }

西游记
[Category [categoryId=2, categoryName=神话], Category [categoryId=1, categoryName=古典]]

inverse属性的使用 ：

    /**
     * book.hbm.xml    inverse=fasle
     * category.hbm.xml inverse=true
     * 数据添加正常
     * 书籍表、桥接表各新增一条数据(级联新增)
     */
    @Test
    public void test1() {
        Book book = new Book();
        book.setBookName("少年阿宾2");
        book.setPrice(10f);
        Category category = new Category();
        category.setCategoryId(5);
//        直接将category对象加入到新建的book中是错误的，因为此时的category是临时态的，hibernate是不会管理的
//        book.getCategories().add(category);
        Category c = this.bookDao.getCategory(category);
        
//        c.getBooks().add(book);
        book.getCategories().add(c);
        this.bookDao.addBook(book);
    }

book.hbm.xml和category.hbm.xml两个配置文件中都有inverse属性 

inverse=true 表示中间表交于对方维护 

inverse=fasle 表示同意维护

如果双方都为 true 则双方都不进行维护 中间表就不会新增数据

如果双方都为 fasle 则双方都会维护 中间表数据会新增两次