一、简介
Spring Cloud Sleuth 主要功能就是在分布式系统中提供追踪解决方案,并且兼容支持了 zipkin。
微服务架构上通过业务来划分服务的,通过REST调用,对外暴露的一个接口,可能需要很多个服务协同才能完成这个接口功能,如果链路上任何一个服务出现问题或者网络超时,都会形成导致接口调用失败。随着业务的不断扩张,服务之间互相调用会越来越复杂,可以根据服务链的方式去查看。
案例主要有三个工程组成:一个server-zipkin,它的主要作用使用ZipkinServer 的功能,收集调用数据,并展示;一个sleuth-client,对外暴露client-info接口;一个sleuth-server,对外暴露server-info接口;这两个service可以相互调用;并且只有调用了,server-zipkin才会收集数据的,这就是为什么叫服务追踪了。
二、构建工程
2.1 创建Zipkin
在spring Cloud为F版本的时候,已经不需要自己构建Zipkin Server了,只需要下载jar即可,下载地址:
https://dl.bintray.com/openzipkin/maven/io/zipkin/java/zipkin-server/
打开命令框执行命令:java -jar
启动后访问:http://localhost:9411
2.2 创建sleuth-client
在其pom引入起步依赖spring-cloud-starter-zipkin,代码如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.1.7.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <groupId>com.liu</groupId> <artifactId>sleuth-client</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>sleuth-client</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <properties> <java.version>1.8</java.version> <spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.SR2</spring-cloud.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
在其配置文件application.yml指定zipkin server的地址,头通过配置“spring.zipkin.base-url”指定:
server: port: 8988 spring: application: name: sleuth-client zipkin: base-url: http://localhost:9411
通过引入spring-cloud-starter-zipkin依赖和设置spring.zipkin.base-url就可以了。
对外暴露接口:
package com.liu.sleuthclient; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; @SpringBootApplication @RestController public class SleuthClientApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(SleuthClientApplication.class, args); } @Autowired private RestTemplate restTemplate; @Bean public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){ return new RestTemplate(); } @RequestMapping("/hi") public String callHome(){ return "i'm sleuth-client"; } @RequestMapping("/client-info") public String info(){ return restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8989/hi",String.class); } }
2.3 创建sleuth-server
创建过程痛service-hi,引入相同的依赖,配置下spring.zipkin.base-url。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.1.7.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <groupId>com.liu</groupId> <artifactId>sleuth-server</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>sleuth-server</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <properties> <java.version>1.8</java.version> <spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.SR2</spring-cloud.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
server: port: 8989 spring: application: name: sleuth-server zipkin: base-url: http://localhost:9411
对外暴露接口:
package com.liu.sleuthserver; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; @SpringBootApplication @RestController public class SleuthServerApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(SleuthServerApplication.class, args); } @Autowired private RestTemplate restTemplate; @RequestMapping("/hi") public String home(){ return "i'm sleuth-server!"; } @RequestMapping("/server-info") public String info(){ return restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8988/hi",String.class); } @Bean public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){ return new RestTemplate(); } }
2.4 启动工程
访问http://localhost:8988/client-info和http://localhost:8989/server-info分别调用对方接口,在访问zipkin选择依赖界面即可看见我们的服务链了。