定义：
抽象工厂模式提供一个接口，用于创建相关或者依赖对象的家族，而不需要明确指定具体类。
抽象工厂允许客户端使用抽象的接口来创建一组相关的产品，而不需要关系实际产出的具体产品是什么。这样一来，客户就可以从具体的产品中被解耦。
示例代码：
Fruit.java
package com.designPattern.abstractFactory;
/***
*
* @author liuzhihu
*
*/
public interface Fruit {
/***
* 定义吃水果的方法
*/
public void eatFruit();
}
Apple.java
package com.designPattern.abstractFactory;
/***
*
* @author liuzhihu
*
*/
public abstract class Apple implements Fruit {
public abstract void eatFruit();
}
Banana.java
package com.designPattern.abstractFactory;
/***
*
* @author liuzhihu
*
*/
public abstract class Banana implements Fruit {
public abstract void eatFruit();
}
NorthApple.java
package com.designPattern.abstractFactory;
public class NorthApple extends Apple {
@Override
public void eatFruit() {
System.out.println("吃北方苹果。。。。。。");
}
}
NorthBanana.java
package com.designPattern.abstractFactory;
public class NorthBanana extends Banana {
@Override
public void eatFruit() {
System.out.println("吃北方香蕉。。。。。。");
}
}
SouthApple.java
package com.designPattern.abstractFactory;
public class SouthApple extends Apple {
@Override
public void eatFruit() {
System.out.println("吃南方苹果。。。。。。");
}
}
SouthBanana.java
package com.designPattern.abstractFactory;
public class SouthBanana extends Banana {
@Override
public void eatFruit() {
System.out.println("吃南方香蕉。。。。。。");
}
}
FruitFactory.java
package com.designPattern.abstractFactory;
public abstract class FruitFactory {
/***
* 采集水果
*
* @param type
* @return
*/
public abstract Fruit getFruit(String type);
}
NorthFruitFactory.java
package com.designPattern.abstractFactory;
public class NorthFruitFactory extends FruitFactory {
@Override
public Fruit getFruit(String type) {
if ("Apple".equals(type)) {
return new NorthApple();
} else if ("Banana".equals(type)) {
return new NorthBanana();
} else {
System.out.println("找不到对应的水果......");
return null;
}
}
}
SouthFruitFactory.java
package com.designPattern.abstractFactory;
public class SouthFruitFactory extends FruitFactory {
@Override
public Fruit getFruit(String type) {
if ("Apple".equals(type)) {
return new SouthApple();
} else if ("Banana".equals(type)) {
return new SouthBanana();
} else {
System.out.println("找不到对应的水果......");
return null;
}
}
}
MainTest.java
package com.designPattern.abstractFactory;
public class MainTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 北方水果
NorthFruitFactory northFruitFactory = new NorthFruitFactory();
Fruit northApple = northFruitFactory.getFruit("Apple");
northApple.eatFruit();
Fruit northBanana = northFruitFactory.getFruit("Banana");
northBanana.eatFruit();
// 南方水果
SouthFruitFactory southFruitFactory = new SouthFruitFactory();
Fruit southApple = southFruitFactory.getFruit("Apple");
southApple.eatFruit();
Fruit southBanana = southFruitFactory.getFruit("Banana");
southBanana.eatFruit();
}
}
优点
1、 抽象工厂隔离了具体类的生成，是的客户端不需要知道什么被创建。所有的具体工厂都实现了抽象工厂中定义的公共接口，因此只需要改变具体工厂的实例，就可以在某种程度上改变整个软件系统的行为。
2、 当一个产品族中的多个对象被设计成一起工作时，它能够保证客户端始终只使用同一个产品族中的对象。
缺点
添加新的行为时比较麻烦。如果需要添加一个新产品族对象时，需要更改接口及其下所有子类，这必然会带来很大的麻烦。