B - Resort
Valera's finally decided to go on holiday! He packed up and headed for a ski resort.
Valera's fancied a ski trip but he soon realized that he could get lost in this new place. Somebody gave him a useful hint: the resort has nobjects (we will consider the objects indexed in some way by integers from 1 to n), each object is either a hotel or a mountain.
Valera has also found out that the ski resort had multiple ski tracks. Specifically, for each object v, the resort has at most one object u, such that there is a ski track built from object u to object v. We also know that no hotel has got a ski track leading from the hotel to some object.
Valera is afraid of getting lost on the resort. So he wants you to come up with a path he would walk along. The path must consist of objects v1, v2, ..., vk (k ≥ 1) and meet the following conditions:
- Objects with numbers v1, v2, ..., vk - 1 are mountains and the object with number vk is the hotel.
- For any integer i (1 ≤ i < k), there is exactly one ski track leading from object vi. This track goes to object vi + 1.
- The path contains as many objects as possible (k is maximal).
Help Valera. Find such path that meets all the criteria of our hero!
The first line contains integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 105) — the number of objects.
The second line contains n space-separated integers type1, type2, ..., typen — the types of the objects. If typei equals zero, then the i-th object is the mountain. If typei equals one, then the i-th object is the hotel. It is guaranteed that at least one object is a hotel.
The third line of the input contains n space-separated integers a1, a2, ..., an (0 ≤ ai ≤ n) — the description of the ski tracks. If number aiequals zero, then there is no such object v, that has a ski track built from v to i. If number ai doesn't equal zero, that means that there is a track built from object ai to object i.
In the first line print k — the maximum possible path length for Valera. In the second line print k integers v1, v2, ..., vk — the path. If there are multiple solutions, you can print any of them.
5
0 0 0 0 1
0 1 2 3 4
5
1 2 3 4 5
5
0 0 1 0 1
0 1 2 2 4
2
4 5
4
1 0 0 0
2 3 4 2
1
1
读题就读了好长好长时间.
题意呢,就是:有n个地方,给出n大小的序列a,0代表ai是山地,1代表ai是旅馆,再给出个n大小的序列v,第i的序列表示ai可以冲vi到达,问怎么走才能使路途最长(终点要是旅馆,而且路中途没有分叉)
拿样例二来说
0 1 2 2 4 就是2连1,3连2,4-2,5-4,画图就是这个样子:
交叉点不能算,所以2忽略,根据0 0 1 0 1, 3,5都是旅馆,均为终点,有3和4,5两条,第二条最长所以选第二个。
因为题意终点是旅馆,但我们可以反向建图,从旅馆出发,走下去直到不能再走,比如遇到分岔点或者尽头,这样问题就很清晰了。由于涉及到连接,可以用并查集来存和查找,也是个dfs的过程。
#include<iostream> #include<cstring> #include<cstdio> #include<map> using namespace std; const int maxn=1e5+10; int a[maxn],b[maxn],fa[maxn]; int ac[maxn]; int dfs(int i) { int ans=0; //在以i往下走的过程中,记录步数 while(fa[i]!=-1) { i=fa[i]; ans++; } return ans; } int main() { int n; while(cin>>n) { memset(fa,-1,sizeof(fa)); //边界 map<int,int>mm; for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) { cin>>a[i]; //存入节点类型,旅馆或山头 } for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) { cin>>b[i]; //存入b【i】,同时计数 mm[b[i]]++; } for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) { if(mm[i]<=1) //如果不是分岔点,那么可以表明,i的根节点是b[i] fa[i]=b[i]; //如果,mm[i]>1,则此为分岔点,fa=-1,也为边界 } int maxx=-1; //记录最长路径 int k; //记录最长路径的起始点(旅馆) for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) { if(a[i]==1) { int mid=dfs(i); //如果是旅馆,以此i跑dfs if(mid>maxx) { maxx=mid; //记录最大步数,并记录i值 k=i; } } } cout<<maxx<<endl; int tot=1; while(1) { //开新数组记录过程,以k为起点,不断跑下去,记录。 ac[tot++]=k; k=fa[k]; if(fa[k]==-1) //跑到边界就break; break; } for(int i=tot-1;i>=1;i--) cout<<ac[i]<<" "; cout<<endl; } }
好题!妥妥的好题!!!