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  • Android移动应用开发中常见的经验技巧总结

    转:http://wwwdevstorecn/essay/essayInfo/6128.html

    1. 对话保持的解决方案。

    要求:

    1、app中使用webview访问具体网站的内容,但是app与服务器的沟通是使用HttpUrlConnection来完成。

    2、webview访问时不需要再次登陆,继承app的登陆状态。

    会话未保持的现象:

    1、虽然app已经登录服务器,但是在webview中还是提示需要登录。

    2、app下一次对服务器的请求也会失败,提示session过期。

    解决方案:

    1、获取到HttpUrlConnection中服务器返回的session id。

    2、本地保存session id,每次对服务器的请求,手动添加。

    3、将此session id设置到持有webview的activity中的CookieManager里

     1 网络处理类  NetHelper
     2  
     3 /**
     4      * 发送登陆请求,并将SESSIONID保存起来
     5      * @param urlPath 登陆请求的地址
     6      * @return 返回的内容
     7      * */
     8 public static String login(String urlPath)  {
     9  
    10         ......省略号......
    11  
    12         try {
    13             URL url = new URL(urlPath);
    14             HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
    15  
    16             //设置请求方式
    17             conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
    18             conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);
    19 //            conn.setReadTimeout(5000);
    20  
    21             int responseCode = conn.getResponseCode();
    22             if (responseCode == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
    23                 InputStream is = conn.getInputStream();
    24                 cookList = conn.getHeaderFields().get("Set-Cookie");
    25                 if ((sessionId == null) && (cookList != null)) {
    26                     for (String value : cookList) {
    27                         if ((value != null) && (value.toUpperCase().indexOf(";") > 0)) {
    28                             sessionId = value.split(";")[0];
    29                         }
    30                     }
    31                 }
    32  
    33             ......省略号......
    34  
    35 }
    36         }catch (Exception e){
    37             e.printStackTrace();
    38 }
    39 ......省略号......
    40     }/**
    41      * 发送一条请求,将内容以字符串返回
    42      * @param urlPath 请求的地址
    43      * @return 返回的内容
    44      * */
    45 public static String request(String urlPath) {
    46  
    47         ......省略号......
    48  
    49         try {
    50             URL url = new URL(urlPath);
    51             HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
    52             if(sessionId !=null ){
    53                 conn.setRequestProperty("Cookie",sessionId);
    54             }
    55             conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
    56             conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);
    57 //          conn.setReadTimeout(5000);
    58  
    59         ......省略号......
    60  
    61         } catch (Exception e) {
    62             e.printStackTrace();
    63 }
    64  
    65         ......省略号......
    66  
    67     }持有webview的Activity  MainActivity
    68  
    69 private CookieManager cookieManager;
    70  
    71 cookieManager = CookieManager.getInstance();
    72 cookieManager.setAcceptCookie(true);
    73 clearSession();
    74  
    75 private void clearSession() {
    76     if (NetHelper.cookList != null) {
    77     cookieManager.removeSessionCookie();
    78     }
    79 }
    80  
    81 //在第一次请求的时候,设置一次session即可
    82 private void setSession(String url) {
    83     if (NetHelper.cookList != null) {
    84         String values = NetHelper.cookList.toString();
    85         cookieManager.setCookie(url, values); //设置cookie
    86         CookieSyncManager.getInstance().sync(); //同步
    87     }
    88 }

    2. 自定义控件的实现方案

    自定义控件的实现方式(详细内容可以参考压缩包中的<自定义控件.pdf>):

    1、继承方式

    当简单控件不满足需求时,通过继承重写简单控件,实现对控件的定制。

    2、组合方式

    当单个控件不满足需求时,可以采用多个控件的组合,实现对控件的定制。

    3、控件自绘方式

    通过继承自view,重写onDraw方法实现。

    项目中的具体应用:

    1、登录邮箱的自动补全功能实现(纯代码实现布局)。

    2、弹窗滚轮的实现(代码加布局文件)

    3、TabButton的实现(两种实现方式)

    A、 登录邮箱的自动补全功能实现:

    效果:

    实现原理:

    1、继承重写简单控件AutoCompleteTextView

    2、编写自定义数据适配器和布局文件,并实现文字变化监听器

    3、通过组合方式,实现右侧的删除图标。并根据焦点和文字的变化,动态显示右侧删除图标。

    1、通过继承自简单控件AutoCompleteTextView实现帐号自动补全

    关键代码:

     1 public class AutoComplete extends AutoCompleteTextView {
     2  
     3     private static final String[] emailSuffix = {
     4         "@qq.com", "@163.com", "@126.com", "@gmail.com", "@sina.com", "@hotmail.com",
     5         "@yahoo.cn", "@sohu.com", "@foxmail.com", "@139.com", "@yeah.net", "@vip.qq.com",
     6         "@vip.sina.com"};
     7  
     8     ......省略号......
     9  
    10     //构造函数原型要正确,留给系统调用
    11  
    12     public AutoComplete(Context context) {
    13         super(context);
    14         mContext = context;
    15     }
    16  
    17     public AutoComplete(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
    18         super(context, attrs);
    19         mContext = context;
    20     }
    21  
    22     public void init(ImageView imageView) {
    23         mImageView = imageView;
    24         final MyAdatper adapter = new MyAdatper(mContext);
    25         setAdapter(adapter);
    26         addTextChangedListener(new TextWatcher() {
    27             @Override
    28             public void afterTextChanged(Editable s) {
    29                 if (isTextWatch) {
    30                     String input = s.toString();
    31  
    32                     ......省略号......
    33  
    34                     adapter.clearList(); //注意要清空数据,根据输入的变化,自动生成数据
    35                     if (input.length() > 0) {
    36                         for (int i = 0; i < emailSuffix.length; ++i) {
    37                             adapter.addListData(input + emailSuffix[i]);
    38                         }
    39                     }
    40                     adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
    41                     showDropDown();//该行代码会造成崩溃
    42                 }
    43             }
    44         });
    45         //当输入一个字符的时候就开始检测
    46         setThreshold(1);
    47     }
    48  
    49     private class ViewHolder {
    50         TextView tv_Text;
    51     }
    52  
    53     class MyAdatper extends BaseAdapter implements Filterable {
    54         private List<String> mList;
    55         private Context mContext;
    56         private MyFilter mFilter;
    57  
    58         ......省略号......
    59  
    60         public void clearList() {
    61             mList.clear();
    62         }
    63  
    64         public void addListData(String strData) {
    65             mList.add(strData);
    66         }
    67  
    68         @Override
    69         public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
    70             View view;
    71             ViewHolder viewHolder;
    72  
    73             if (convertView == null) {
    74                 view = LayoutInflater.from(mContext).inflate(R.layout.activity_autocomplete_item, null);
    75                 viewHolder = new ViewHolder();
    76                 viewHolder.tv_Text = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_autocomplete);
    77                 view.setTag(viewHolder);
    78             } else {
    79                 view = convertView;
    80                 viewHolder = (ViewHolder) view.getTag();
    81             }
    82  
    83             viewHolder.tv_Text.setText(mList.get(position));
    84  
    85             return view;
    86         }
    87  
    88         ......省略号......
    89  
    90     }

    activity_autocomplete_item 下拉列表布局文件

     1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
     2 <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
     3     android:orientation="vertical"
     4     android:layout_width="match_parent"
     5     android:background="@color/White"
     6     android:layout_height="wrap_content">
     7  
     8     <TextView
     9         android:id="@+id/tv_autocomplete"
    10         android:padding="15dp"
    11         android:textSize="20sp"
    12         android:singleLine="true"
    13         android:textColor="@color/Black"
    14         android:layout_width="match_parent"
    15         android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    16  
    17 </LinearLayout>

    上面自动补全的效果图:

    2、通过组合方式实现帐号自动补全复杂控件

    关键代码:

     1 public class AdvancedAutoCompleteTextView extends RelativeLayout {
     2     private Context mContext;
     3     private AutoComplete mAutoComplete; //上面的自定义控件
     4     private ImageView mImageView;       //右侧的图标控件
     5  
     6     ......省略号......
     7  
     8     @Override
     9     protected void onFinishInflate() {
    10         super.onFinishInflate();
    11         initViews();
    12     }
    13     //代码方式,初始化布局
    14     private void initViews() {
    15         RelativeLayout.LayoutParams params = new RelativeLayout.LayoutParams(RelativeLayout.LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT, LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT);
    16         params.addRule(RelativeLayout.ALIGN_PARENT_LEFT);
    17         params.addRule(RelativeLayout.CENTER_VERTICAL);
    18         mAutoComplete = new AutoComplete(mContext);
    19         mAutoComplete.setLayoutParams(params);
    20         mAutoComplete.setPadding(0, 0, 40, 0);
    21         mAutoComplete.setSingleLine(true);
    22         mAutoComplete.setInputType(InputType.TYPE_TEXT_VARIATION_EMAIL_ADDRESS);
    23         mAutoComplete.setFitsSystemWindows(true);
    24         mAutoComplete.setEms(10);
    25         mAutoComplete.setHint("URS账号");
    26         mAutoComplete.setImeOptions(EditorInfo.IME_ACTION_NEXT
    27                                 | EditorInfo.IME_FLAG_NO_EXTRACT_UI | EditorInfo.IME_FLAG_NO_FULLSCREEN);
    28         mAutoComplete.setDropDownHorizontalOffset(0);
    29         mAutoComplete.setDropDownVerticalOffset(2);
    30         mAutoComplete.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.edit_text_background);
    31  
    32         RelativeLayout.LayoutParams p = new RelativeLayout.LayoutParams(RelativeLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT);
    33         p.addRule(RelativeLayout.ALIGN_PARENT_RIGHT);
    34         p.addRule(RelativeLayout.CENTER_VERTICAL);
    35         p.rightMargin = 10;
    36         mImageView = new ImageView(mContext);
    37         mImageView.setLayoutParams(p);
    38         mImageView.setScaleType(ImageView.ScaleType.FIT_CENTER);
    39         mImageView.setImageResource(R.drawable.unselect);
    40         mImageView.setClickable(true);
    41         mImageView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
    42             @Override
    43             public void onClick(View v) {
    44                 setText("");
    45             }
    46         });
    47  
    48         this.addView(mAutoComplete);
    49         this.addView(mImageView);
    50         //监听获取焦点事件,目的:输入帐号时,右侧图标的显示
    51         mAutoComplete.setOnFocusChangeListener(new OnFocusChangeListener() {
    52             @Override
    53             public void onFocusChange(View v, boolean hasFocus) {
    54                 if (hasFocus && !mAutoComplete.getText().toString().isEmpty()) {
    55                     mAutoComplete.setShow(false); //如果获取首次获取焦点,此时文本不为空,则显示,并禁止文本改变监听里的设置
    56                     mImageView.setImageResource(R.drawable.item_delete);
    57                 } else if (hasFocus) {
    58                     mAutoComplete.setShow(true);//如果获取首次获取焦点,此时文本为空,则不改变,并开启文本改变监听里的设置
    59                 } else {
    60                     mAutoComplete.setShow(false);
    61                     mImageView.setImageResource(R.drawable.unselect);
    62                 }
    63             }
    64         });
    65  
    66                  //对AutoComplete自定义控件初始化,一定要放到最后.否则,会由于AutoComplete初始化未完成,就弹窗,而崩溃
    67  
    68         mAutoComplete.init(mImageView); 
    69     }
    70 }

    B、弹窗滚轮的实现

    效果:

    实现原理:

    1、继承重写简单控件ScrollView,实现滚动效果,并添加回调接口,用于获取选择的内容。

    2、为自定义控件添加内容,其中每一项为一个TextView,用于内容显示。

    3、通过自绘添加上下两条直线,实现选中状态。

    4、最后利用popup弹窗,加载整个视图,显示弹窗滚动效果。

    1、通过继承ScrollView实现滚动,并向布局添加具体项

    关键代码:

      1 ublic class WheelView extends ScrollView {
      2  
      3     //选择后的回调接口
      4     public interface OnWheelViewListener {
      5         void onSelected(int selectedIndex, String item);
      6     }
      7  
      8     ......省略号......
      9  
     10     //初始化,并创建布局
     11     private void init(Context context) {
     12         this.context = context;
     13         this.setVerticalScrollBarEnabled(false);
     14  
     15         views = new LinearLayout(context);  //为自定义控件创建线性布局
     16         views.setOrientation(LinearLayout.VERTICAL);
     17         this.addView(views);
     18  
     19         //异步任务,根据滚动的位置自动调整待显示的数据,该异步任务会在滚动事件触发式执行
     20         scrollerTask = new Runnable() {
     21             public void run() {
     22                 if (itemHeight == 0) {
     23                     return;
     24                 }
     25                 int newY = getScrollY();
     26                 if (initialY - newY == 0) { // stopped
     27                     final int remainder = initialY % itemHeight;
     28                     final int divided = initialY / itemHeight;
     29  
     30                     if (remainder == 0) {
     31                         selectedIndex = divided + offset;
     32                         onSeletedCallBack();
     33                     } else {
     34                         if (remainder > itemHeight / 2) {
     35                             WheelView.this.post(new Runnable() {
     36                                 @Override
     37                                 public void run() {
     38                                     WheelView.this.smoothScrollTo(0, initialY - remainder + itemHeight);
     39                                     selectedIndex = divided + offset + 1;
     40                                     onSeletedCallBack();
     41                                 }
     42                             });
     43                         } else {
     44                             WheelView.this.post(new Runnable() {
     45                                 @Override
     46                                 public void run() {
     47                                     WheelView.this.smoothScrollTo(0, initialY - remainder);
     48                                     selectedIndex = divided + offset;
     49                                     onSeletedCallBack();
     50                                 }
     51                             });
     52                         }
     53                     }
     54                 } else {
     55                     initialY = getScrollY();
     56                     WheelView.this.postDelayed(scrollerTask, newCheck);
     57                 }
     58             }
     59         };
     60     }
     61  
     62     //往布局添加数据
     63  
     64     private void initData() {
     65         displayItemCount = offset * 2 + 1;
     66  
     67         //添加新view之前,必须移除旧的,否则不正确
     68         views.removeAllViews();
     69  
     70         for (String item : items) {
     71             views.addView(createView(item));
     72         }
     73  
     74         refreshItemView(0);
     75     }
     76  
     77     private TextView createView(String item) {
     78         TextView tv = new TextView(context);
     79         tv.setLayoutParams(new LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT));
     80         tv.setSingleLine(true);
     81         tv.setTextSize(TypedValue.COMPLEX_UNIT_SP, 20);
     82         tv.setText(item);
     83         tv.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER);
     84         int padding = dip2px(15);
     85         tv.setPadding(padding, padding, padding, padding);
     86         if (0 == itemHeight) {
     87             itemHeight = getViewMeasuredHeight(tv);
     88             views.setLayoutParams(new LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, itemHeight * displayItemCount));
     89             LinearLayout.LayoutParams lp = (LinearLayout.LayoutParams) this.getLayoutParams();
     90             this.setLayoutParams(new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(lp.width, itemHeight * displayItemCount));
     91         }
     92         return tv;
     93     }
     94  
     95     ......省略号......
     96  
     97     @Override   //上下直线的自绘
     98     public void setBackgroundDrawable(Drawable background) {
     99  
    100         if (viewWidth == 0) {
    101             viewWidth = ((Activity) context).getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getWidth();
    102         }
    103  
    104         if (null == paint) {
    105             paint = new Paint();
    106             paint.setColor(Color.parseColor("#83cde6"));
    107             paint.setStrokeWidth(dip2px(1f));
    108         }
    109  
    110         background = new Drawable() {
    111             @Override
    112             public void draw(Canvas canvas) {
    113                 canvas.drawLine(viewWidth * 1 / 6, obtainSelectedAreaBorder()[0], viewWidth * 5 / 6, 
    114  
    115 obtainSelectedAreaBorder()[0], paint);
    116  
    117                 canvas.drawLine(viewWidth * 1 / 6, obtainSelectedAreaBorder()[1], viewWidth * 5 / 6, 
    118  
    119 obtainSelectedAreaBorder()[1], paint);
    120  
    121             }
    122         };
    123  
    124         super.setBackgroundDrawable(background);
    125     }
    126  
    127 }

    2、动态加载布局,并利用PopupWindow弹窗显示。

    关键代码:

    1 private void addView(int num){
    2  
    3     ......省略号......
    4  
    5     wheel_layout_view = LayoutInflater.from(this).inflate(R.layout.wheel_view, null);
    6  
    7     ......省略号......
    8  
    9  }

    布局文件 wheel_view 效果图

     1 private void popupWindows(List<String> list){
     2     if (wheel_layout_view != null){
     3  
     4         mPopupWindow = null;
     5         mPopupWindow = new PopupWindow(wheel_layout_view);
     6         mPopupWindow.setWidth(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT);
     7         mPopupWindow.setHeight(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
     8  
     9         //点击外部,自动消失
    10         mPopupWindow.setFocusable(true);
    11         mPopupWindow.setOutsideTouchable(true);
    12  
    13         ......省略号......
    14  
    15         mPopupWindow.showAtLocation(ll_weidu_condition, Gravity.BOTTOM, 0, 0);
    16     }
    17 }

    C、TabButton的实现

    效果:

    1、利用.9.png图标实现(简单、美观)

    属性定义attrs.xml:

    1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    2 <resources>
    3     <!-- 自定义的button控件,用于日期的选择-->
    4     <declare-styleable name="TabButton">
    5         <attr name="normal_bg_res" format="reference" />
    6         <attr name="selected_bg_res" format="reference" />
    7     </declare-styleable>
    8 </resources>

    布局文件:

     1 <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
     2     xmlns:custom="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"   //声明自定义属性空间
     3  
     4     ......省略号......
     5  
     6     android:orientation="vertical">
     7  
     8     ......省略号......
     9  
    10         <xxxxxxxxxxx.customui.TabButton
    11             style="@style/commonButton"
    12             android:layout_width="0dp"
    13             android:layout_margin="0dp"
    14             android:layout_weight="1"
    15             android:layout_height="40dp"
    16             android:text="昨天"
    17             android:textSize="22sp"
    18             android:gravity="center"
    19             android:background="@drawable/btn_left"
    20             android:textColor="@color/blue"
    21             custom:normal_bg_res="@drawable/btn_left"
    22             custom:selected_bg_res="@drawable/btn_left_selected"
    23             android:id="@+id/bt_yesterday" />
    24  
    25     ......省略号......
    26  
    27 </LinearLayout>

    关键代码:

     1 public class TabButton extends Button {
     2     private int normal_bg_res;
     3     private int selected_bg_res;
     4  
     5     public TabButton(Context context) {
     6         super(context);
     7     }
     8  
     9     public TabButton(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
    10         super(context, attrs);
    11  
    12         TypedArray typeArray = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.TabButton);
    13         normal_bg_res = typeArray.getResourceId(R.styleable.TabButton_normal_bg_res, 0);
    14         selected_bg_res = typeArray.getResourceId(R.styleable.TabButton_selected_bg_res, 0);
    15  
    16         typeArray.recycle();
    17     }
    18  
    19     public void setSelected(boolean selected) {
    20         if (selected) {
    21             setBackgroundResource(selected_bg_res);
    22             setTextColor(Color.WHITE);
    23         } else {
    24             setBackgroundResource(normal_bg_res);
    25             setTextColor(getResources().getColor(R.color.blue));
    26         }
    27     }
    28 }

    2、利用布局文件实现(复杂、灵活)。

    更多样式,可以参数官方的SDK(android-sdk-windowsplatformsandroid-1.5data es)

    布局样式button_style:

     1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
     2 <selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
     3     <item android:state_pressed="true">
     4         <shape android:shape="rectangle">
     5             <solid android:color="#0d76e1" />
     6         </shape>
     7     </item>
     8  
     9     <item android:state_focused="true">
    10         <shape android:shape="rectangle">
    11             <solid android:color="@color/Grey" />
    12         </shape>
    13     </item>
    14  
    15     <item>
    16         <shape android:shape="rectangle">
    17             <solid android:color="@color/Grey" />
    18         </shape>
    19     </item>
    20 </selector>

    样式应用:

    1 <Button android:id="@+id/tab_button"
    2     android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    3     android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    4     android:background="@drawable/button_style">

    3. 蒙板效果的实现

    1、不保留标题栏蒙板的实现

    效果:

    原理:

    1、弹窗时,设置背景窗体的透明度

    2、取消弹窗时,恢复背景窗体的透明度

    关键代码:

     1 private void popupWindows(List<String> list){
     2     //产生背景变暗效果
     3     WindowManager.LayoutParams lp=getWindow().getAttributes();
     4     lp.alpha = 0.4f;
     5     getWindow().setAttributes(lp);
     6  
     7         ......省略号......
     8  
     9     mPopupWindow.setOnDismissListener(new PopupWindow.OnDismissListener() {
    10             @Override
    11             public void onDismiss() {
    12                 WindowManager.LayoutParams lp = getWindow().getAttributes();
    13                 lp.alpha = 1f;
    14                 getWindow().setAttributes(lp);
    15             }
    16         });
    17  
    18       ......省略号......
    19  
    20 }

    2、保留标题栏蒙板的实现

    效果:

    原理:

    1、根据需求,设置蒙板布局大小。

    2、弹窗时,显示蒙板布局

    2、取消弹窗时,隐藏蒙板布局

    关键代码:

    1、蒙板布局实现:

     1 <!-- popup蒙板 -->
     2 <LinearLayout
     3     android:id="@+id/ll_popup_hide"
     4     android:layout_width="match_parent"
     5     android:background="@color/hide_bg"
     6     android:orientation="vertical"
     7     android:layout_height="match_parent">
     8 </LinearLayout>
     9  
    10 <color name="hide_bg">#88323232</color>

    2、代码处理

    1 ll_popup_hide.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE); //显示蒙板
    2 ll_popup_hide.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE); //隐藏蒙板

    4. Activity的回收与操作超时的处理

    1、Activity的回收

    针对多个activity退出的处理

    关键代码:

    1、新建活动管理类:

     1 public class ActivityCollector {
     2     private static List<Activity> activityList = new ArrayList<Activity>();
     3     public static void addActivity(Activity activity){
     4         activityList.add(activity);
     5     }
     6     public static void removeActivity(Activity activity){
     7         activityList.remove(activity);
     8     }
     9  
    10     public static void finishAllButLast(){
    11         Activity activity = activityList.get(activityList.size()-1);
    12         removeActivity(activity);
    13  
    14         for (Activity activityItem: activityList){
    15             if (!activityItem.isFinishing()){
    16                 activityItem.finish();
    17             }
    18         }
    19  
    20         activityList.clear();
    21         activityList.add(activity);
    22     }
    23  
    24     public static void finishAll(){
    25         for (Activity activity: activityList){
    26             if (!activity.isFinishing()){
    27                 activity.finish();
    28             }
    29         }
    30  
    31         activityList.clear();
    32     }
    33 }

    2、创建基类BaseActivity,并使所有的activity继承自该基类 。在创建时,添加到活动管理器,销毁时,从活动管理器中移除。

     1 public class BaseActivity extends Activity {
     2     @Override
     3     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
     4         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
     5         ActivityCollector.addActivity(this);
     6     }
     7  
     8     @Override
     9     protected void onDestroy() {
    10         super.onDestroy();
    11         ActivityCollector.removeActivity(this);
    12     }
    13 }

    如果需要销毁所有activity,只需调用finishAll()即可

    2、操作超时处理

    原理:

    1、在activity的stop函数中,根据app进程IMPORTANCE_FOREGROUND判断app在前台或后台

    2、在activity的onResume函数中,做超时检查。

    关键代码:

     1 abstract public class TimeOutCheckActivity extends BaseActivity {
     2     private boolean isLeave = false;
     3  
     4     @Override
     5     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
     6         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
     7         pref = getSharedPreferences(Constant.CONFIG_NAME, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
     8     }
     9  
    10     /**
    11      * 回调函数,方便测试
    12      * @return
    13     */
    14     abstract protected String getTag();
    15  
    16     ......省略号......
    17  
    18     /***
    19      * 当用户使程序恢复为前台显示时执行onResume()方法,在其中判断是否超时.
    20      */
    21     @Override
    22     protected void onResume() {
    23 //        Log.i("Back",getTag() + ",onResume,是否在前台:" + isOnForeground());
    24         super.onResume();
    25         if (isLeave) {
    26             isLeave = false;
    27             timeOutCheck();
    28         }
    29     }
    30  
    31     @Override 
    32     protected void onStop() {
    33         super.onStop();
    34         if (!isOnForeground()){
    35             if (!isLeave && isOpenALP()) {
    36                 isLeave = true;
    37                 saveStartTime();
    38             }
    39         }
    40     }
    41  
    42     public void timeOutCheck() {
    43         long endtime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    44         if (endtime - getStartTime() >= Constant.TIMEOUT_ALP * 1000) {
    45             Util.toast(this, "超时了,请重新验证");
    46             String alp = pref.getString(Constant.ALP, null);
    47             if (alp == null || alp == "") {
    48             } else {
    49                 Intent intent = new Intent(this, UnlockGesturePasswordActivity.class);
    50                 intent.putExtra("pattern", alp);
    51                 intent.putExtra("login",false); //手势验证,不进行登录验证
    52                 intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TASK);
    53                 // 打开新的Activity
    54                 startActivityForResult(intent, Constant.REQ_COMPARE_PATTERN_TIMEOUT_CHECK);
    55             }
    56         }
    57     }
    58  
    59     public void saveStartTime() {
    60         pref.edit().putLong(Constant.START_TIME, System.currentTimeMillis()).commit();
    61     }
    62  
    63     public long getStartTime() {
    64         long startTime = 0;
    65         try {
    66             startTime = pref.getLong(Constant.START_TIME, 0);
    67         }catch (Exception e){
    68             startTime = 0;
    69         }
    70         return startTime;
    71     }
    72  
    73     /**
    74      * 程序是否在前端运行,通过枚举运行的app实现。防止重复超时检测多次,保证只有一个activity进入超时检测
    75      *当用户按home键时,程序进入后端运行,此时会返回false,其他情况引起activity的stop函数的调用,会返回true
    76      * @return
    77     */
    78     public boolean isOnForeground() {
    79         ActivityManager activityManager = (ActivityManager) getApplicationContext().getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE);
    80         String packageName = getApplicationContext().getPackageName();
    81  
    82         List<ActivityManager.RunningAppProcessInfo> appProcesses = activityManager.getRunningAppProcesses();
    83         if (appProcesses == null)
    84             return false;
    85  
    86         for (ActivityManager.RunningAppProcessInfo appProcess : appProcesses) {
    87             if (appProcess.processName.equals(packageName)
    88                     && appProcess.importance == ActivityManager.RunningAppProcessInfo.IMPORTANCE_FOREGROUND) { 
    89                 return true;
    90             }
    91         }
    92  
    93         return false;
    94     }
    95 }

    补充说明:

    可以根据importance的不同来判断前台或后台,RunningAppProcessInfo 里面的常量IMTANCE就是上面所说的前台后台,其实IMOPORTANCE是表示这个app进程的重要性,因为系统回收时候,会根据IMOPORTANCE来回收进程的。具体可以去看文档。

    1 public static final int IMPORTANCE_BACKGROUND = 400//后台
    2 public static final int IMPORTANCE_EMPTY = 500//空进程
    3 public static final int IMPORTANCE_FOREGROUND = 100//在屏幕最前端、可获取到焦点 
    4 可理解为Activity生命周期的OnResume();
    5 public static final int IMPORTANCE_SERVICE = 300//在服务中
    6 public static final int IMPORTANCE_VISIBLE = 
    7 200//在屏幕前端、获取不到焦点可理解为Activity生命周期的OnStart();
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/liyiran/p/5388837.html
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