案例：
关闭防火墙：
systemctl stop firewalld
iptables -F
setenforce 0
安装mariadb mariadb-server
yum -y install mariadb
yum -y install mariadb-server
vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
server-id=1
log-bin=mysql-bin
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
symbolic-links=0
default-storage-engine = INNODB
character-set-server = utf8
collation-server = utf8_general_ci
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid
#
# include all files from the config directory
#
!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
添加数据库、表，录入数据
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql> create database client;
mysql> use client;
mysql> create table user_info(身份证 char(20) not null,姓名 char(20) not null,性别 char(4),用户ID号 char(10) not null,资费 int(10));
mysql> insert into user_info values('000000006','张三','男','016','10');
mysql> insert into user_info values('000000007','李四','女','017','91');
mysql> insert into user_info values('000000008','王五','女','018','23');
mysql> select * from user_info;
先进行一次完全备份
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /mysql_bak
[root@localhost~]#mysqldump -uroot -p123456 client user_info >/mysql_bak/client_userinfo-$(date +%F).sql
[root@localhost ~]# mysqldump -uroot -p123456 --databases client >/mysql_bak/client-$(date +%F).sql
[root@localhost ~]# ls /mysql_bak/
client-2018-12-14.sql client_userinfo-2018-12-14.sql
进行一次日志回滚（生成新的二进制日志）
[root@localhost ~]# ls /usr/local/mysql/data
client ibdata1 ib_logfile0 ib_logfile1 localhost.localdomain.err mysql mysql-bin.000001 mysql-bin.index mysql.sock test
[root@localhost ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p123456 flush-logs
[root@localhost ~]# ls /usr/local/mysql/data
client ibdata1 ib_logfile0 ib_logfile1 localhost.localdomain.err mysql mysql-bin.000001 mysql-bin.000002 mysql-bin.index mysql.sock test
继续录入新的数据
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql> use client;
mysql> insert into user_info values('000000009','赵六','男','019','37');
mysql> insert into user_info values('0000000010','孙七','男','020','36');
mysql> select * from user_info;
进行增量备份
[root@localhost ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p123456 flush-logs
[root@localhost ~]# ls /usr/local/mysql/data
client ib_logfile0 localhost.localdomain.err mysql-bin.000001 mysql-bin.000003 mysql.sock ibdata1 ib_logfile1 mysql mysql-bin.000002 mysql-bin.index test
[root@localhost ~]# mysqlbinlog --no-defaults --base64-output=decode-rows -v /mysql_bak/mysql-bin.000002 //查看新操作的日志记录
[root@localhost ~]# cp -p /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql-bin.000002 /mysql_bak/
模拟误操作删除user_info表
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e 'drop table client.user_info;'
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e 'select * from client.user_info;'
ERROR 1146 (42S02) at line 1: Table 'client.user_info' doesn't exist
恢复完全备份
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 client < /mysql_bak/client_userinfo-2018-12-14.sql
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e 'select * from client.user_info;'
恢复增量备份
[root@localhost ~]# mysqlbinlog --no-defaults /mysql_bak/mysql-bin.000002 | mysql -u root -p123456
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e 'select * from client.user_info;'
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 client < /mysql_bak/client_userinfo-2018-12-14.sql
[root@localhost ~]# mysqlbinlog --no-defaults /mysql_bak/mysql-bin.000002
仅恢复到12:06:00之前的数据，即不恢复“孙七”的信息
[root@localhost ~]# mysqlbinlog --no-defaults --stop-datetime='2018-12-14 12:06:00' /mysql_bak/mysql-bin.000002 |mysql -uroot -p123456
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e 'select * from client.user_info;'
仅恢复“孙七”的信息，跳过“赵六”的信息恢复
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e 'drop table client.user_info;'
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 client < /mysql_bak/client_userinfo-2018-12-14.sql
[root@localhost ~]# mysqlbinlog --no-defaults --start-datetime='2018-12-14 12:06:00' /mysql_bak/mysql-bin.000002 |mysql -uroot -p123456
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e 'select * from client.user_info;'
基于位置的恢复
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e 'drop table client.user_info;'
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e 'select * from client.user_info;'
ERROR 1146 (42S02) at line 1: Table 'client.user_info' doesn't exist
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 client < /mysql_bak/client_userinfo-2018-12-14.sql
[root@localhost ~]# mysqlbinlog --no-defaults --stop-position='241' /mysql_bak/mysql-bin.000002 |mysql -uroot -p123456
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e 'select * from client.user_info;'
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e 'drop table client.user_info;'
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 client < /mysql_bak/client_userinfo-2018-12-14.sql
[root@localhost ~]# mysqlbinlog --no-defaults --start-position='241' /mysql_bak/mysql-bin.000002 |mysql -uroot -p123456
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e 'select * from client.user_info;'