Hello Triangle_练习二

创建相同的两个三角形，但对它们的数据使用不同的VAO和VBO

#include <glad/glad.h>
#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>

#include <iostream>

void framebuffer_size_callback(GLFWwindow* window, int width, int height);
void processInput(GLFWwindow *window);

// settings
const unsigned int SCR_WIDTH = 800;
const unsigned int SCR_HEIGHT = 600;

const char *vertexShaderSource = "#version 330 core
"
    "layout (location = 0) in vec3 aPos;
"
    "void main()
"
    "{
"
    "   gl_Position = vec4(aPos.x, aPos.y, aPos.z, 1.0);
"
    "}";
const char *fragmentShaderSource = "#version 330 core
"
    "out vec4 FragColor;
"
    "void main()
"
    "{
"
    "   FragColor = vec4(1.0f, 0.5f, 0.2f, 1.0f);
"
    "}
";

int main()
{
    // glfw: initialize and configure
    // ------------------------------
    glfwInit();
    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3);
    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 3);
    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE);

#ifdef __APPLE__
    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_FORWARD_COMPAT, GL_TRUE); // uncomment this statement to fix compilation on OS X
#endif

    // glfw window creation
    // --------------------
    GLFWwindow* window = glfwCreateWindow(SCR_WIDTH, SCR_HEIGHT, "LearnOpenGL", NULL, NULL);
    if (window == NULL)
    {
        std::cout << "Failed to create GLFW window" << std::endl;
        glfwTerminate();
        return -1;
    }
    glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);
    glfwSetFramebufferSizeCallback(window, framebuffer_size_callback);

    // glad: load all OpenGL function pointers
    // ---------------------------------------
    if (!gladLoadGLLoader((GLADloadproc)glfwGetProcAddress))
    {
        std::cout << "Failed to initialize GLAD" << std::endl;
        return -1;
    }


    // build and compile our shader program
    // ------------------------------------
    // vertex shader
    int vertexShader = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
    glShaderSource(vertexShader, 1, &vertexShaderSource, NULL);
    glCompileShader(vertexShader);
    // check for shader compile errors
    int success;
    char infoLog[512];
    glGetShaderiv(vertexShader, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &success);
    if (!success)
    {
        glGetShaderInfoLog(vertexShader, 512, NULL, infoLog);
        std::cout << "ERROR::SHADER::VERTEX::COMPILATION_FAILED
" << infoLog << std::endl;
    }
    // fragment shader
    int fragmentShader = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
    glShaderSource(fragmentShader, 1, &fragmentShaderSource, NULL);
    glCompileShader(fragmentShader);
    // check for shader compile errors
    glGetShaderiv(fragmentShader, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &success);
    if (!success)
    {
        glGetShaderInfoLog(fragmentShader, 512, NULL, infoLog);
        std::cout << "ERROR::SHADER::FRAGMENT::COMPILATION_FAILED
" << infoLog << std::endl;
    }
    // link shaders
    int shaderProgram = glCreateProgram();
    glAttachShader(shaderProgram, vertexShader);
    glAttachShader(shaderProgram, fragmentShader);
    glLinkProgram(shaderProgram);
    // check for linking errors
    glGetProgramiv(shaderProgram, GL_LINK_STATUS, &success);
    if (!success) {
        glGetProgramInfoLog(shaderProgram, 512, NULL, infoLog);
        std::cout << "ERROR::SHADER::PROGRAM::LINKING_FAILED
" << infoLog << std::endl;
    }
    glDeleteShader(vertexShader);
    glDeleteShader(fragmentShader);

    // set up vertex data (and buffer(s)) and configure vertex attributes
    // ------------------------------------------------------------------
    float firstTriangle[] = {
        -0.9f, -0.5f, 0.0f,  // left 
        -0.0f, -0.5f, 0.0f,  // right
        -0.45f, 0.5f, 0.0f,  // top 
    };
    float secondTriangle[] = {
        0.0f, -0.5f, 0.0f,  // left
        0.9f, -0.5f, 0.0f,  // right
        0.45f, 0.5f, 0.0f   // top 
    };
    unsigned int VBOs[2], VAOs[2];
    glGenVertexArrays(2, VAOs); // we can also generate multiple VAOs or buffers at the same time
    glGenBuffers(2, VBOs);
    // first triangle setup
    // --------------------
    glBindVertexArray(VAOs[0]);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, VBOs[0]);
    glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(firstTriangle), firstTriangle, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
    glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 3 * sizeof(float), (void*)0);    // Vertex attributes stay the same
    glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
    // glBindVertexArray(0); // no need to unbind at all as we directly bind a different VAO the next few lines
    // second triangle setup
    // ---------------------
    glBindVertexArray(VAOs[1]);    // note that we bind to a different VAO now
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, VBOs[1]);    // and a different VBO
    glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(secondTriangle), secondTriangle, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
    glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, (void*)0); // because the vertex data is tightly packed we can also specify 0 as the vertex attribute's stride to let OpenGL figure it out
    glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
    // glBindVertexArray(0); // not really necessary as well, but beware of calls that could affect VAOs while this one is bound (like binding element buffer objects, or enabling/disabling vertex attributes)


    // uncomment this call to draw in wireframe polygons.
    //glPolygonMode(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_LINE);

    // render loop
    // -----------
    while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window))
    {
        // input
        // -----
        processInput(window);

        // render
        // ------
        glClearColor(0.2f, 0.3f, 0.3f, 1.0f);
        glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);

        glUseProgram(shaderProgram);
        // draw first triangle using the data from the first VAO
        glBindVertexArray(VAOs[0]);
        glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3);
        // then we draw the second triangle using the data from the second VAO
        glBindVertexArray(VAOs[1]);
        glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3);
 
        // glfw: swap buffers and poll IO events (keys pressed/released, mouse moved etc.)
        // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        glfwSwapBuffers(window);
        glfwPollEvents();
    }

    // optional: de-allocate all resources once they've outlived their purpose:
    // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    glDeleteVertexArrays(2, VAOs);
    glDeleteBuffers(2, VBOs);

    // glfw: terminate, clearing all previously allocated GLFW resources.
    // ------------------------------------------------------------------
    glfwTerminate();
    return 0;
}

// process all input: query GLFW whether relevant keys are pressed/released this frame and react accordingly
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void processInput(GLFWwindow *window)
{
    if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE) == GLFW_PRESS)
        glfwSetWindowShouldClose(window, true);
}

// glfw: whenever the window size changed (by OS or user resize) this callback function executes
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void framebuffer_size_callback(GLFWwindow* window, int width, int height)
{
    // make sure the viewport matches the new window dimensions; note that width and 
    // height will be significantly larger than specified on retina displays.
    glViewport(0, 0, width, height);
}

2019/11/26