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  • springMVC笔记二

    第十四章 springmvc快速入门(注解版本)

    1springmvc快速入门(传统版)

       步一:创建springmvc-day02这么一个web应用

       步二:导入springiocspringwebspringmvc相关的jar

       ------------------------------------------------------springWEB模块

       org.springframework.web-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar

    org.springframework.web.servlet-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar(mvc专用)

       ------------------------------------------------------springIOC模块

       org.springframework.asm-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar

       org.springframework.beans-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar

       org.springframework.context-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar

       org.springframework.core-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar

       org.springframework.expression-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar

    步三:在/WEB-INF/下创建web.xml文件

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
        </servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    步四:创建HelloAction.java控制器类

    @Controller
    public class HelloAction {
        @RequestMapping(value = "/hello")
        public String helloMethod(Model model) throws Exception {
            System.out.println("HelloAction::helloMethod()");
            model.addAttribute("message", "这是我的第二个springmvc应用程序");
            return "/success.jsp";
        }
    }

    步五:在/WebRoot/下创建success.jsp

    <%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
    <html>
    <head>
    <title>这是我的第二个springmvc应用程序</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        success.jsp
        <br /> ${message}
    </body>
    </html>


    步六:在
    /src/目录下创建spring.xml配置文件

       <!-- Action控制器 -->
        <context:component-scan base-package="cn.itcast.javaee.springmvc.helloannotation" />
        <!-- 基于注解的映射器(可选) -->
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping" />
    
        <!-- 基于注解的适配器(可选) -->
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" />
    
        <!-- 视图解析器(可选) -->
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" />

    步七:部署web应用到tomcat中,通过浏览器访问如下URL

           http://127.0.0.1:8080/springmvc-day02/hello.action

    第十五章 一个Action中,可以写多个类似的业务控制方法

    1)通过模块根路径 功能子路径 访问模块下子功能的路径

    @Controller
    @RequestMapping(value = "/user")
    public class UserAction {
        @RequestMapping(value = "/add")
        public String add(Model model) throws Exception {
            System.out.println("HelloAction::add()");
            model.addAttribute("message", "增加用户");
            return "/success.jsp";
        }
    
        @RequestMapping(value = "/find")
        public String find(Model model) throws Exception {
            System.out.println("HelloAction::find()");
            model.addAttribute("message", "查询用户");
            return "/success.jsp";
        }
    }

    增加用户:http://127.0.0.1:8080/myspringmvc-day02/user/add.action

    查询用户:http://127.0.0.1:8080/myspringmvc-day02/user/find.action

    第十六章 在业务控制方法中写入普通变量收集参数

    1)可以在业务控制方法中,以参数形式收集客户端参数,springmvc采用方法参数形式的

    @Controller
    @RequestMapping(value = "/user")
    public class UserAction {
        @RequestMapping(value = "/add")
        public String add(Model model, int id, String name, Double sal) throws Exception {
            System.out.println("HelloAction::add()");
            System.out.println(id + ":" + name + ":" + sal);
            model.addAttribute("message", "增加用户");
            return "/success.jsp";
        }
    }


     http://127.0.0.1:8080/myspringmvc-day02/user/add.action?id=1&name=zhaojun&sal=5000

    第十七章 限定某个业务控制方法,只允许GETPOST请求方式访问

    1)可以在业务控制方法前,指明该业务控制方法只能接收GETPOST的请求

    @Controller
    @RequestMapping(value = "/user")
    public class UserAction {
        @RequestMapping(value = "/add", method = RequestMethod.POST)
        public String add(Model model, int id, String name, double sal) throws Exception {
            System.out.println("HelloAction::add()::POST");
            System.out.println(id + ":" + name + ":" + sal);
            model.addAttribute("message", "增加用户");
            return "/success.jsp";
        }
    }

        如果不书写method=RequestMethod.POST的话,GETPOST请求都支持

    第十八章 在业务控制方法中写入RequestResponse等传统web参数

    1)可以在业务控制方法中书写传统web参数,这种方式我们不提倡,耦合了

    @Controller
    @RequestMapping(value = "/user")
    public class UserAction {
        @RequestMapping(value = "/add", method = RequestMethod.POST)
        public void add(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
            System.out.println("HelloAction::add()::POST");
            int id = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("id"));
            String name = request.getParameter("name");
            double sal = Double.parseDouble(request.getParameter("sal"));
            System.out.println(id + ":" + name + ":" + sal);
            request.getSession().setAttribute("id", id);
            request.getSession().setAttribute("name", name);
            request.getSession().setAttribute("sal", sal);
            response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath() + "/register.jsp");
        }
    }

      

    第十九章 在业务控制方法中写入模型变量收集参数,且使用@InitBind来解决字符串转日期类型

    1) 在默认情况下,springmvc不能将String类型转成java.util.Date类型,所有我们只能在Action

    中自定义类型转换器

    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/add.action" method="POST">
        编号:<input type="text" name="id" value="${id}" /><br />
        姓名:<input type="text" name="name" value="${name}" /><br />
        薪水:<input type="text" name="sal" value="${sal}" /><br />
        入职时间:<input type="text" name="hiredate"
            value='<fmt:formatDate value="${hiredate}" type="date"/>' /><br />
        <input type="submit" value="注册" />
    </form>
    @Controller
    @RequestMapping(value = "/user")
    public class UserAction {
        @InitBinder
        protected void initBinder(HttpServletRequest request, ServletRequestDataBinder binder) throws Exception {
            binder.registerCustomEditor(Date.class, new CustomDateEditor(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"), true));
        }
    
        @RequestMapping(value = "/add", method = RequestMethod.POST)
        public String add(int id, String name, double sal, Date hiredate, Model model) throws Exception {
            System.out.println("HelloAction::add()::POST");
            model.addAttribute("id", id);
            model.addAttribute("name", name);
            model.addAttribute("sal", sal);
            model.addAttribute("hiredate", hiredate);
            return "/register.jsp";
        }
    }

      

    第二十章 在业务控制方法中写入UserAdmin多个模型收集参数

    1) 可以在业务控制方法中书写1个模型来收集客户端的参数

    2) 模型中的属性名必须和客户端参数名一一对应

    3) 这里说的模型不是Model对象,Model是向视图中封装的数据

    @Controller
    @RequestMapping(value = "/user")
    public class UserAction {
        @InitBinder
        protected void initBinder(HttpServletRequest request, ServletRequestDataBinder binder) throws Exception {
            binder.registerCustomEditor(Date.class, new CustomDateEditor(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"), true));
        }
    
        @RequestMapping(value = "/add", method = RequestMethod.POST)
        public String add(User user, Model model) throws Exception {
            System.out.println("HelloAction::add()::POST");
            model.addAttribute("user", user);
            return "/register.jsp";
        }
    }


     
     

    第二十一章 在业务控制方法中写入包装User的模型来收集参数

    可以在业务控制方法中书写0个或多个模型来收集客户端的参数

    1) 如果多个模型中有相同的属性时,可以用user.nameadmin.name来收集客户端参数

    2) 用一个新的模型将UserAdmin再封装一次

    User.java

    public class User {
        private Integer id;
        private String name;
        private Double sal;
        private Date hiredate;
    
        public User() {
        }
    
        public Integer getId() {
            return id;
        }
    
        public void setId(Integer id) {
            this.id = id;
        }
    
        public String getName() {
            return name;
        }
    
        public void setName(String name) {
            this.name = name;
        }
    
        public Double getSal() {
            return sal;
        }
    
        public void setSal(Double sal) {
            this.sal = sal;
        }
    
        public Date getHiredate() {
            return hiredate;
        }
    
        public void setHiredate(Date hiredate) {
            this.hiredate = hiredate;
        }
    
        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return this.id + ":" + this.name + ":" + this.sal + ":" + this.hiredate;
        }
    }


    Bean.java

    public class Bean {
        private User user;
        private Admin admin;
    
        public Bean() {
        }
    
        public User getUser() {
            return user;
        }
    
        public void setUser(User user) {
            this.user = user;
        }
    
        public Admin getAdmin() {
            return admin;
        }
    
        public void setAdmin(Admin admin) {
            this.admin = admin;
        }
    }


    PersonAction.java

    @Controller
    @RequestMapping(value = "/person")
    public class PersonAction {
        @InitBinder
        protected void initBinder(HttpServletRequest request, ServletRequestDataBinder binder) throws Exception {
            binder.registerCustomEditor(Date.class, new CustomDateEditor(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"), true));
        }
    
        @RequestMapping(value = "/add", method = RequestMethod.POST)
        public String add(Bean bean, Model model) throws Exception {
            System.out.println(bean.getUser());
            System.out.println(bean.getAdmin());
            System.out.println("PersonAction::add()::POST");
            model.addAttribute("bean", bean);
            return "/register.jsp";
        }
    }


    register.jsp

    普通用户
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/person/add.action" method="POST">
        编号:<input type="text" name="user.id" value="${bean.user.id}"/><br/>
        姓名:<input type="text" name="user.name" value="${bean.user.name}"/><br/>
        薪水:<input type="text" name="user.sal" value="${bean.user.sal}"/><br/>
        入职时间:<input type="text" name="user.hiredate" value='<fmt:formatDate value="${bean.user.hiredate}" type="both" />'/><br/>
        <input type="submit" value="注册"/>
    </form>

    第二十二章 在业务控制方法中收集数组参数

    批量删除用户

    @Controller
    @RequestMapping(value = "/user")
    public class UserAction {
        @RequestMapping(value = "/delete")
        public String deleteMethod(int[] ids, Model model) throws Exception {
            System.out.println("UserAction::deleteMethod()");
            System.out.println("需要删除的id为:");
            for (int id : ids) {
                System.out.print(id + " ");
            }
            model.addAttribute("message", "批量删除成功");
            return "/success.jsp";
        }
    }

      

    第二十三章 在业务控制方法中收集List<JavaBean>参数

    批量注册用户

    UserAction.java

    @Controller
    @RequestMapping(value = "/user")
    public class UserAction {
        @RequestMapping(value = "/addAll")
        public String addAll(Bean bean, Model model) throws Exception {
            for (User user : bean.getUserList()) {
                System.out.println(user.getName() + ":" + user.getGender());
            }
            model.addAttribute("message", "批量增加用户成功");
            return "/success.jsp";
        }
    }

     Bean.java

    public class Bean {
        private List<User> userList = new ArrayList<User>();
    
        public Bean() {
        }
    
        public List<User> getUserList() {
            return userList;
        }
    
        public void setUserList(List<User> userList) {
            this.userList = userList;
        }
    }

        registerAll.jsp

    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/addAll.action" method="POST"> 
        姓名:<input type="text" name="userList[0].name" value="哈哈"/>
        性别:<input type="text" name="userList[0].gender" value="男"/>
        <hr/>
         
        姓名:<input type="text" name="userList[1].name" value="呵呵"/>
        性别:<input type="text" name="userList[1].gender" value="男"/>
        <hr/>
        
        姓名:<input type="text" name="userList[2].name" value="嘻嘻"/>
        性别:<input type="text" name="userList[2].gender" value="女"/>
        <hr/>
        
        <input type="submit" value="批量注册"/>
    </form>

     

    第二十四章 结果的转发和重定向

    1) 在转发情况下,共享request域对象,会将参数从第一个业务控制方法传入第二个业务控制方法,

    反之,重定向则不行 

    删除id=10号的用户,再查询用户

    @Controller
    @RequestMapping(value = "/user")
    public class UserAction {
    
        @RequestMapping(value = "/delete")
        public String delete(int id) throws Exception {
            System.out.println("删除用户->" + id);
            // 转发到find()
            return "forward:/user/find.action";
            // 重定向到find()
            // return "redirect:/user/find.action";
        }
    
        @RequestMapping(value = "/find")
        public String find(int id) throws Exception {
            System.out.println("查询用户->" + id);
            return "/success.jsp";
        }
    
    }

    第二十五章 异步发送表单数据到JavaBean,并响应JSON文本返回

    1) 提交表单后,将JavaBean信息以JSON文本形式返回到浏览器

    bean2json.jsp

    <form>
    编号:<input type="text" name="id" value="1"/><br/>
    姓名:<input type="text" name="name" value="哈哈"/> <br />
    薪水:<input type="text" name="sal" value="5000" /><br />
    <input type="button" value="异步提交注册" />
    </form>
    
    <script type="text/javascript">
        $(":button").click(function() {
            var url = "${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/add.action";
            var sendData = {
                "id" : 1,
                "name" : "哈哈",
                "sal" : 5000
            };
            $.post(url, sendData, function(backData, textStatus, ajax) {
                alert(ajax.responseText);
            });
        });
    </script>

       

    User.java

    public class User {
        private Integer id;
        private String name;
        private Double sal;
        public User() {
        }
    
        public Integer getId() {
            return id;
        }
    
        public void setId(Integer id) {
            this.id = id;
        }
    
        public String getName() {
            return name;
        }
    
        public void setName(String name) {
            this.name = name;
        }
    
        public Double getSal() {
            return sal;
        }
    
        public void setSal(Double sal) {
            this.sal = sal;
        }
    }

    UserAction.java

    @Controller
    @RequestMapping(value = "/user")
    public class UserAction {
        @RequestMapping(value = "/add")
        public @ResponseBody User add(User user) throws Exception {
            System.out.println(user.getId() + ":" + user.getName() + ":" + user.getSal());
            return user;
        }
    }


    spring.xml

    <!-- Action控制器 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="cn.itcast.javaee.springmvc.app25" />
    
    <!-- 配适器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
        <property name="messageConverters">
             <list>
                <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" />
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>

     

    注意:使用mvc注解驱动可以代替spring.xml中适配器和映射器的配置信息,包括对json的配置

    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

    拦截器

    springmvc拦截器是针对mapping的拦截配置。

    配置方法:

    1.针对某种mapping配置拦截器 符合mapping的handler才能被拦截到。

    2.针对所有mapping配置全局拦截器:达到目的:所有请求都走这个拦截器配置。

    springmvc框架自动将这个拦截器配置注入到所有的mapping中。

    <!-- 拦截器 -->
    <mvc:interceptors>
        <!-- 多个拦截器,顺序执行 -->
        <mvc:interceptor>
            <mvc:mapping path="/**" />
            <bean class="cn.itcast.springmvc.filter.HandlerInterceptor1"></bean>
        </mvc:interceptor>
        <mvc:interceptor>
            <mvc:mapping path="/**" />
            <bean class="cn.itcast.springmvc.filter.HandlerInterceptor2"></bean>
        </mvc:interceptor>
    </mvc:interceptors>

    原理及场景分析:

    package cn.itcast.springmvc.interceptor;
    
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    
    import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
    import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
    
    public class HandlerInterceptor1 implements HandlerInterceptor {
    
        /**
         * 此方法是在进行handler方法之前执行
         * arg2:要执行的handler
         * 场景:用户权限的拦截
         */
        @Override
        public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1,
                Object arg2) throws Exception {
            
            //返回一个false表示拦截,后边的拦截器不再执行
            //如果返回一个true表示放行
            System.out.println("HandlerInterceptor1..preHandle");
            return true;
        }
        /**
         * 此方法是在执行handler完毕,返回modenAndview之前执行
         * 场景:对ModelAndView进行修改,比如统一添加页面导航(页面所需要的公用数据)
         */
        @Override
        public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1,
                Object arg2, ModelAndView arg3) throws Exception {
            System.out.println("HandlerInterceptor1..postHandle");
    
        }
        /**
         * 此方法是在执行handler完毕,且返回ModelAndView之后执行
         * 场景:在这里记录执行的时间,并且在preHandle方法中也记录执行的开始时间,统一action执行时间,完成执行性能监视
         * 场景:统一在这里进行日志记录
         * 场景:统一进行异常处理
         */
        @Override
        public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest arg0,
                HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2, Exception arg3)
                throws Exception {
            System.out.println("HandlerInterceptor1..afterCompletion");
    
        }   
    
    }

    例子:

    拦截器用户认证应用: 所有的请求都由用户认证拦截器进行拦截: 判断如果用户的session没有要跳转到登录页面

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/lm970585581/p/7402588.html
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