0.可以新建一个用于练习的html文件，在浏览器中打开。
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Simple DOM Demo</title> </head> <body> <h1>This is the document body</h1> <P ID = "p1Node">This is paragraph 1.</P> <P ID = "p2Node">段落2</P> <a href="http://www.gzcc.cn/">广州商学院</a> <li> <a href="http://news.gzcc.cn/html/2018/xiaoyuanxinwen_0328/9113.html"> <div class="news-list-text"> <div class="news-list-title" style="">我校校长杨文轩教授讲授新学期“思政第一课”</div> <div class="news-list-description">3月27日下午，我校校长杨文轩教授在第四教学楼310室为学生讲授了新学期“思政第一课”。</div> <div class="news-list-info"><span><i class="fa fa-clock-o"></i>2018-03-28</span><span><i class="fa fa-building-o"></i>马克思主义学院</span></div> </div> </a> </li> </body>
1.利用requests.get(url)获取网页页面的html文件
import requests
newsurl='http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/'
res = requests.get(newsurl) #返回response对象
res.encoding='utf-8'
import requests newsurl = 'http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/' res =requests.get(newsurl) res.encoding='utf-8'
2.利用BeautifulSoup的HTML解析器，生成结构树
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html.parser')
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html.parser')
3.找出特定标签的html元素
soup.p #标签名，返回第一个
soup.head
soup.p.name #字符串
soup.p. attrs #字典，标签的所有属性
soup.p. contents # 列表，所有子标签
soup.p.text #字符串
soup.p.string
soup.select(‘li')
soup.p soup.head soup.p.name soup.p.attrs soup.p.contents soup.p.text soup.p.string soup.select('li')
4.取得含有特定CSS属性的元素
soup.select('#p1Node')
soup.select('.news-list-title')
soup.select('#p1Node') soup.select('.news-list-title')
5.练习：
取出h1标签的文本
import requests from bs4 import BeautifulSoup url = 'http://localhost:63342/draw/venv/329.html?_ijt=nf522vm6pmjoqqg6p6nfqp03rf' res =requests.get(url) res.encoding='utf-8' res.text soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html.parser') a=soup.select('h1')[0].text print(a)
取出a标签的链接
print(soup.a.attrs['href']) print(soup.li.a.attrs['href'])
取出所有li标签的所有内容
for b in soup.select('li'): print(b)
取出一条新闻的标题、链接、发布时间、来源
print(soup.select('.news-list-title')[0].text) print(soup.body.li.a.attrs['href']) print(soup.select('.news-list-info')[0].contents[0].text) print(soup.select('.news-list-info')[0].contents[1].text)