javafx+fxgl引擎做的一款飞机大战

先放效果图：

1，javafx和fxgl介绍

javafx类似awt,swing，是一个图形化界面的库。

（似乎都喜欢采用mvc模式，把界面和其它东西分开来写）

fxgl：https://almasb.github.io/FXGL/

外国人写的一个游戏引擎，其实就是把javafx的一些东西整理封装了起来，但封装也有坏处，，用起来不怎么灵活，网上也搜不到用法（。。还是作者提供的api文档我看不懂）。

导入jar包就能使用了。

2，fxgl里的一些东西分析

（1）还是要在主代码里继承一个类（fxgl的作者封装成了GameApplication），然后再main函数里调用launch(args);

（2）键盘输入

　　fxgl的方法是重写父类的initInput函数，然后在理添加行为与对应键盘绑定就行了

        getInput().addAction(new UserAction("Shoot") {
            @Override
            protected void onAction() {
                playerComponent.shoot();
            }
        }, MouseButton.PRIMARY);

（3）实体机制

将游戏里的元素（玩家，子弹，敌人，爆炸效果等）都看成一个实体加上不同的组件，也就是先建立一个实体，然后往里面加组件，或者配置外观等

        return Entities.builder()
                .type(SpaceRunnerType.PLAYER)
                .from(data)
                .viewFromNodeWithBBox(FXGL.getAssetLoader().loadTexture("sprite_player.png", 40, 40))
                .with(new CollidableComponent(true), new ParticleComponent(emitter))
                .with(new PlayerComponent())
                .build();

（4）加载声音，图片等资源

这里需要按照规定，比如图片放于assets/textures中，在代码中则不需要设置文件路径。

还是直接放代码吧

package hzh;

import com.almasb.fxgl.animation.Animation;
import com.almasb.fxgl.animation.Interpolators;
import com.almasb.fxgl.app.GameApplication;
import com.almasb.fxgl.core.math.FXGLMath;
import com.almasb.fxgl.entity.Entity;

import com.almasb.fxgl.entity.SpawnData;
import com.almasb.fxgl.entity.view.ScrollingBackgroundView;
import com.almasb.fxgl.extra.entity.components.HealthComponent;
import com.almasb.fxgl.input.UserAction;
import com.almasb.fxgl.settings.GameSettings;
import com.almasb.fxgl.texture.Texture;
import com.almasb.fxgl.ui.ProgressBar;

import hzh.collision.BulletEnemyHandler;
import hzh.collision.PlayerBulletHandler;
import hzh.components.PlayerComponent;
import hzh.level.Level;
import javafx.beans.binding.Bindings;
import javafx.geometry.HorizontalDirection;
import javafx.geometry.Orientation;
import javafx.geometry.Point2D;
import javafx.scene.effect.DropShadow;
import javafx.scene.input.KeyCode;
import javafx.scene.input.MouseButton;
import javafx.scene.layout.HBox;
import javafx.scene.layout.Pane;
import javafx.scene.layout.VBox;
import javafx.scene.paint.Color;
import javafx.scene.shape.Rectangle;
import javafx.scene.text.Text;
import javafx.util.Duration;
import static com.almasb.fxgl.app.DSLKt.*;
import java.util.Map;




public class SpaceRunnerApp extends GameApplication {

    private PlayerComponent playerComponent;
    private Level level;
    private Texture weaponTexture;
    private Text bullets;
    private Text uiTextLevel;

    /**
     * 初始化舞台（窗口）
     */
    @Override
    protected void initSettings(GameSettings settings) {
        
        settings.setTitle("太空大战");
        settings.setWidth(1000);
        settings.setHeight(700);

    }
    /**
     * 预设置  
     */
    @Override
    protected void preInit() {
        loopBGM("bgm.mp3");
    }
    /**
     * 初始化输入
     */
    @Override
    protected void initInput() {
        getInput().addAction(new UserAction("Move Up") {
            @Override
            protected void onAction() {
                playerComponent.up();
            }
        }, KeyCode.W);

        getInput().addAction(new UserAction("Move Down") {
            @Override
            protected void onAction() {
                playerComponent.down();
            }
        }, KeyCode.S);

        getInput().addAction(new UserAction("Change Weapon") {
            @Override
            protected void onAction() {
                playerComponent.changeWeapon();

                weaponTexture.setImage(image("sprite_laser.png"));
                bullets.textProperty().bind(getip("laser").asString("x %d"));

            }
        }, KeyCode.F);

        getInput().addAction(new UserAction("Shoot") {
            @Override
            protected void onAction() {
                playerComponent.shoot();
            }
        }, MouseButton.PRIMARY);
    }
    /**
     * 建立map表
     */
    @Override
    protected void initGameVars(Map<String, Object> vars) {
        vars.put("score", 0);
        vars.put("bullets", 999);
        vars.put("laser", 50);
        vars.put("rockets", 10);
        vars.put("HP", 100);
        vars.put("MP", 0);
        vars.put("leveltype", 0);
        vars.put("enemies", 5);
    }
    /**
     * 初始化游戏元素
     */
    @Override
    protected void initGame() {


        getGameWorld().addEntityFactory(new SpaceRunnerFactory());
        //设置背景，并且以卷动式铺满
        Texture t = getAssetLoader().loadTexture("bg_0.png");

        getGameScene().addGameView(new ScrollingBackgroundView(t.superTexture(t, HorizontalDirection.RIGHT),
                Orientation.HORIZONTAL));

        Entity player = getGameWorld().spawn("Player", 180, getHeight() / 2);

        playerComponent = player.getComponent(PlayerComponent.class);
        //设置视口，并与玩家绑定
        getGameScene().getViewport().setBounds(0, 0, Integer.MAX_VALUE, getHeight());
        getGameScene().getViewport().bindToEntity(player, 180, getHeight() / 2);

        nextLevel();

    }
    /**
     * 初始化物理环境（比如碰撞）
     */
    @Override
    protected void initPhysics() {
        getPhysicsWorld().addCollisionHandler(new BulletEnemyHandler());
        getPhysicsWorld().addCollisionHandler(new PlayerBulletHandler());

    }

   /**
    * 初始化ui
    */
    @Override
    protected void initUI() {
        //子弹框
        weaponTexture = texture("sprite_bullet.png", 22, 11);

        bullets = getUIFactory().newText("", Color.rgb(20, 20, 20), 16);
        bullets.textProperty().bind(getip("bullets").asString("x %d")); //属性绑定

        HBox ui = new HBox(15,  //水平框
                weaponTexture,
                bullets
                );

        Text laser = getUIFactory().newText("", Color.rgb(20, 20, 20), 16);
        laser.textProperty().bind(getip("laser").asString("x %d"));

        HBox ui2 = new HBox(15,
                texture("sprite_laser.png"),
                laser
        );

        Text rockets = getUIFactory().newText("", Color.rgb(20, 20, 20), 16);
        rockets.textProperty().bind(getip("rockets").asString("x %d"));

        HBox ui3 = new HBox(15,
                texture("rocket.png", 30, 8),
                rockets
        );

        VBox boxWeapons = new VBox(15, ui, ui2, ui3);
        boxWeapons.setTranslateX(getWidth() - 150);
        boxWeapons.setTranslateY(550);
        boxWeapons.setScaleX(1.4);
        boxWeapons.setScaleY(1.4);

        Texture uiBorder = texture("ui.png");
        uiBorder.setTranslateY(getHeight() - uiBorder.getHeight());

        getGameScene().addUINode(uiBorder);
        Text texthp = new Text("HP:");
        ProgressBar barHP = new ProgressBar(false);
        barHP.setHeight(30.0);
        barHP.setLabelVisible(false);


        barHP.setFill(Color.RED);
        barHP.setBackgroundFill(Color.DARKGREY);
        barHP.setTraceFill(Color.LIGHTGREEN);
        barHP.currentValueProperty().bind(getip("HP"));
        HBox hb1=new HBox(-10,texthp,barHP);

        // MP
        Text textmp = new Text("MP:");
        ProgressBar barMP = new ProgressBar(false);
        barMP.setHeight(30.0);
        barMP.setLabelVisible(false);

        barMP.setFill(Color.BLUE);
        barMP.setBackgroundFill(Color.DARKGREY);
        barMP.setTraceFill(Color.YELLOW);
        barMP.currentValueProperty().bind(getip("MP"));
        HBox hb2=new HBox(-10,textmp,barMP);


        HBox bars = new HBox(50, hb1, hb2);
        bars.setTranslateX(0);
        bars.setTranslateY(520);


        Text textScore = getUIFactory().newText("", Color.BLACK, 22);
        textScore.setTranslateX(350);
        textScore.setTranslateY(650);
        textScore.textProperty().bind(getip("score").asString("Score: %d"));

        uiTextLevel = getUIFactory().newText("", Color.BLACK, 22);
        uiTextLevel.setTranslateX(250);
        uiTextLevel.setTranslateY(650);
        uiTextLevel.textProperty().bind(getip("leveltype").asString("level: %d"));
        uiTextLevel.setVisible(false);



        getGameScene().addUINodes(bars,  boxWeapons);
        getGameScene().addUINodes(textScore);
        getGameScene().addUINodes(uiTextLevel);
        play("player_1.wav");

        runOnce(() -> play("begin.wav"), Duration.seconds(1));
    }

    private void nextLevel() {
        inc("leveltype", +1);
        if(geti("leveltype")>3) inc("leveltype", -3);
        level = new Level();

        level.spawnNewWave();


        Text textLevel = getUIFactory().newText("", Color.WHITE, 22);
        textLevel.setEffect(new DropShadow(7, Color.BLACK));
        textLevel.setOpacity(0);
        textLevel.textProperty().bind(getip("leveltype").asString("level: %d"));
        centerText(textLevel);
        textLevel.setTranslateY(250);

        getGameScene().addUINode(textLevel);

        Animation<?> anim = fadeIn(textLevel, Duration.seconds(1.66), () -> {
            Animation<?> anim2 = translate(textLevel,
                    new Point2D(textLevel.getTranslateX(), textLevel.getTranslateY()),
                    new Point2D(350, 540),
                    Duration.ZERO,
                    Duration.seconds(1.66),
                    () -> {
                        getGameScene().removeUINode(textLevel);
                        uiTextLevel.setVisible(true);
                    });

            anim2.getAnimatedValue().setInterpolator(Interpolators.EXPONENTIAL.EASE_IN());
            anim2.startInPlayState();
        });

        anim.getAnimatedValue().setInterpolator(Interpolators.SMOOTH.EASE_OUT());

        anim.startInPlayState();
    }



    public static void main(String[] args) {
        launch(args);
    }
}

然后上整个工程包：