使用HttpClient发送HTTPS请求以及配置Tomcat支持SSL

这里使用的是HttpComponents-Client-4.1.2

package com.jadyer.util;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.security.KeyManagementException;
import java.security.KeyStore;
import java.security.KeyStoreException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.UnrecoverableKeyException;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.ParseException;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.Scheme;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

/**
 * 使用HttpClient模拟HTTPS访问
 * @see ===================================================================================================================================
 * @see 【配置Tomcat支持SSL(即让Tomcat下的Web应用处于SSL安全通道中)】
 * @see ===================================================================================================================================
 * @see 1、生成KeyStore
 * @see    1)运行-->CMD-->"keytool -genkey -alias Jadyer_SSL_20120508 -keyalg RSA -validity 1024 -keystore D:Jadyer_SSL_20120508.keystore"
 * @see      参数说明----->-genkey  表示生成密钥
 * @see                   -alias    指定别名,这里是Jadyer_SSL_20120508
 * @see                   -keyalg   指定算法,这里是RSA
 * @see                   -validity 指定证书有效期,这里是1024天
 * @see                   -keystore 指定存储位置,这里是D:\Jadyer_SSL_20120508.keystore
 * @see    2)CMD输出----->输入keystore密码：hongyu75
 * @see                   再次输入新密码：hongyu75
 * @see                   您的名字与姓氏是什么？[Unknown]：127.0.0.1（这里要根据实际情况填写网站域名或者IP,否则会出现证书上的名称无效）
 * @see                   您的组织单位名称是什么？[Unknown]：http://blog.csdn.net/jadyer
 * @see                   您的组织名称是什么？[Unknown]：JavaLover_jadyer
 * @see                   您所在的城市或区域名称是什么？[Unknown]：BJ
 * @see                   您所在的州或省份名称是什么？[Unknown]：BJ_NanTian
 * @see                   该单位的两字母国家代码是什么[Unknown]：CN
 * @see                   CN=127.0.0.1, OU=http://blog.csdn.net/jadyer, O=JavaLover_jadyer, L=BJ, ST=BJ_NanTian, C=CN 正确吗？[否]：Y
 * @see                   输入<Jadyer_SSL_20120508>的主密码（如果和 keystore 密码相同，按回车）：这里按回车键
 * @see                   （这里的主密码一定要与keystore密码相同,否则启动Tomcat时就会告诉你java.io.IOException: Cannot recover key）
 * @see    3)接下来就会按照-keystore参数值在指定位置生成指定的KeyStore文件了
 * @see ===================================================================================================================================
 * @see 2、让Tomcat支持SSL
 * @see    1)将生成的Jadyer_SSL_20120508.keystore拷贝到\%TOMCAT_HOME%\conf\目录中(其它目录也可以)
 * @see    2)修改\%TOMCAT_HOME%\conf\server.xml文件(大约在85行的位置),新增内容如下
 * @see      <Connector port="8443" protocol="HTTP/1.1" SSLEnabled="true"
 * @see                 maxThreads="150" scheme="https" secure="true"
 * @see                 clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS" URIEncoding="UTF-8"
 * @see                 keystoreFile="conf/Jadyer_SSL_20120508.keystore" keystorePass="hongyu75"/>
 * @see    3)这样,我们的Tomcat就支持HTTPS访问了(关于<Connector/>标签中的属性说明,参拜Google大神)
 * @see ===================================================================================================================================
 * @see 3、用浏览器访问我们的应用
 * @see   1)输入https://127.0.0.1:8443/blog会发现你的应用已经处于SSL安全通道中了
 * @see     此时,如果我们在浏览器里访问http://127.0.0.1:8443/blog会发现,竟然能访问
 * @see     也就是说,我们虽然启用了HTTPS,但现在还可以绕开HTTPS直接访问HTTP还能,这样HTTPS也就起不到作用了
 * @see   2)我们可以配置一下\%TOMCAT_HOME%\conf\web.xml文件,使得HTTP的访问能够重定向到HTTPS的连接
 * @see     修改位置大约为web.xml的1224行,即在</welcome-file-list>标签后面加入下面的内容,即可
 * @see     <security-constraint>
 * @see         <!-- Authorization setting for SSL -->
 * @see         <web-resource-collection>
 * @see             <web-resource-name>SSL_App</web-resource-name>
 * @see             <!-- 指明需要SSL的url -->
 * @see             <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
 * @see             <http-method>GET</http-method>
 * @see             <http-method>POST</http-method>
 * @see         </web-resource-collection>
 * @see         <user-data-constraint>
 * @see             <!-- 指明需要SSL -->
 * @see             <transport-guarantee>CONFIDENTIAL</transport-guarantee>
 * @see         </user-data-constraint>
 * @see     </security-constraint>
 * @see ===================================================================================================================================
 * @author http://blog.csdn.net/jadyer
 * @editor Feb 1, 2012 3:02:27 PM
 */
public class HttpClientUtil {
    public static void main(String[] args)throws Exception{
        //String requestUrl = "http://127.0.0.1:8088/test/web/userac";
        String requestUrl = "https://127.0.0.1:8443/test/web/userac";
        System.out.println(sendSSLRequest(requestUrl));
    }
    
    /**
     * 发送HTTPS请求
     * @param requestUrl 请求的地址
     * @return 响应内容
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("finally")
    public static String sendSSLRequest(String requestUrl){
        long responseLength = 0;       //响应长度
        String responseContent = null; //响应内容
        HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient(); //创建默认的httpClient实例
        try {
            KeyStore trustStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
            FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(new File("F:\Tool\IDE\Jadyer_SSL_20120508.keystore"));
            try {
                trustStore.load(fis, "hongyu75".toCharArray()); //加载KeyStore
            } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (CertificateException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                try {
                    fis.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            SSLSocketFactory socketFactory = new SSLSocketFactory(trustStore);   //创建Socket工厂,将trustStore注入
            Scheme sch = new Scheme("https", 8443, socketFactory);               //创建Scheme
            httpClient.getConnectionManager().getSchemeRegistry().register(sch); //注册Scheme
            HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(requestUrl);           //创建HttpGet
            HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet); //执行GET请求
            HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();            //获取响应实体
            if (null != entity) {
                responseLength = entity.getContentLength();
                responseContent = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");
                EntityUtils.consume(entity); //Consume response content
            }
            System.out.println("请求地址: " + httpGet.getURI());
            System.out.println("响应状态: " + response.getStatusLine());
            System.out.println("响应长度: " + responseLength);
            System.out.println("响应内容: " + responseContent);
        } catch (KeyManagementException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (UnrecoverableKeyException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (KeyStoreException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (ParseException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            httpClient.getConnectionManager().shutdown(); //关闭连接,释放资源
            return responseContent;
        }
    }
}