Nginx整合Tomcat

一、Nginx实现单台Tomcat代理，创建一个基本的Web项目，将这个项目部署到Tomcat主机上：

　　1. 打包上传项目；

mvn clean install package

　　2. 将项目部署到Tomcat之中：

mv /srv/ftp/hello.war /usr/local/tomcat/webapps

　　3. Nginx默认是80端口，如果Tomcat也是80端口的话，需要修改Tomcat端口：vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml 

<Connector executor="tomcatThreadPool" port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" /> 　　//修改端口

　　如果要想将此文件作为根目录的程序发布，则需要修改server.xml 配置文件，在<Host>节点中增加：

<Context path="/" docBase="hello"/>

　　4. 启动Tomcat：

/usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh start

　　5. 浏览器访问：http://192.168.28.219:8080/hello/

　　6. 此时Tomcat和Nginx没有任何联系，所以此时需要修改Nginx配置文件：vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
修改为：

location / {
　　proxy_pass http://192.168.28.219:8080/;
　　proxy_redirect off;
　　proxy_set_header Host $host;
　　proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
　　proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for ;
}

　　7. 更新Nginx配置：

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t        //检查当前配置是否正确
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload    //重新加载配置

　　8. 重新访问Nginx:http://192.168.28.222/

二、Nginx负载均衡，Nginx实现多台Tomcat代理：

　　将需要发布的Web项目分别打包上传，部署到Tomcat上，如有需要将此文件修改为根目录进行发布；

　　1. 此时有三台TTomcat主机，修改Nginx配置文件：vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

　　　　》在server之上追加集群环境：

    upstream tomcatcluster {
       server 192.168.28.219:8080 weight=3 ;
       server 192.168.28.220:8080 weight=1 ;
       server 192.168.28.221:8080 weight=2 ;
    }

　　　》在代理配置位置上不要写上具体的主机，写上配置的集群名称：

    location / {
            proxy_pass http://tomcatcluster;
            proxy_redirect off;
            proxy_set_header Host   $host;
            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For         $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for ;
    }
    

　　2. 更新Nginx配置：

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t        //检查当前配置是否正确
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload    //重新加载配置

　　3. 实际上也可以对集群的环境做一些动态变更：

server 192.168.28.219:80 weight=3 dowm ;　　//该主机不在提供服务

server 192.168.28.219:80 weight=3 backup ;　//当忙不过来时，该主机提供服务

三、数据文件缓存：

　　在整个系统中，Nginx完成的功能仅仅是一个请求的代理操作；

　　1. 如果要使用缓存，则在Nginx主机上创建一个缓存目录：mkdir -p /usr/data/nginx/{temp,cache}

　　2. 更新Nginx配置文件：

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    proxy_temp_path /usr/data/nginx/temp ;
    proxy_cache_path /usr/data/nginx/cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=cache_one:200m inactive=1d max_size=30g;
    proxy_connect_timeout 5;
    proxy_read_timeout 60;
    proxy_send_timeout 5;
    proxy_buffer_size 16k;
    proxy_buffers 4 64k;
    proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k;
    proxy_temp_file_write_size 128k;


    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    gzip  on;
    gzip_min_length   1k;
    gzip_buffers  4 8k;
    gzip_http_version 1.1;
    gzip_types  text/plain application/x-JavaScript text/css application/xml;
    gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6].";



    upstream tomcatcluster {
       server 192.168.195.138:80 weight=3 ;
       server 192.168.195.139:80 weight=1 ;
       server 192.168.195.140:80 weight=2 ;
    }

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
                proxy_pass http://tomcatcluster;
                proxy_redirect off;
                proxy_set_header Host   $host;
                proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
                proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for ;
        }

        location ~ .*.(jsp|do|action)$ {
                proxy_pass      http://tomcatcluster;
                proxy_redirect  off;
                proxy_set_header        Host    $http_host;
                proxy_set_header        X-Real-IP       $remote_addr;
                proxy_set_header        X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
                proxy_cache cache_one;
                proxy_cache_valid 200 302 3s;
                proxy_cache_use_stale error timeout invalid_header updating http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504;
                chunked_transfer_encoding       off;
        }

    location ~ /purge(/.*) {
       allow 127.0.0.1;
       allow 192.168.195.0/24;
       allow all;
       proxy_cache_purge cache_one $host$1$is_args$args;
    }


      location ~ .*.(gif|jpg|png|htm|html|css|js|flv|ico|swf)(.*) {
             proxy_pass http://tomcatcluster ;
             proxy_redirect off;
             proxy_set_header Host $host:$server_port;
             proxy_cache cache_one;
             proxy_cache_key $host$uri$is_args$args;
             proxy_cache_valid 200 302 1h;
             proxy_cache_valid 301 1d;
             proxy_cache_valid any 1m;
             expires 30d;
       }

#        location / {
#            root   html;
#            index  index.html index.htm;
#        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ .php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ .php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

}

　　3. 手动清空缓存：http://192.168.28.222/purge/images