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  • [leetcode]Binary Tree Maximum Path Sum

    Binary Tree Maximum Path Sum

    Given a binary tree, find the maximum path sum.

    The path may start and end at any node in the tree.

    For example:
    Given the below binary tree,

           1
          / 
         2   3
    

    Return 6.

    递归求解。

    maxPathSum(root)跟maxPathSum(root.left)和maxPathSum(root.right)之间的关系:

    root左子树的maxPath,右子树的maxPath以及根节点之间无法建立直接递归关系。也就是说以下的递推式不成立:

    maxPathSum(root) = max{ maxPathSum(root.left), maxPathSum(root.right), maxPathSum(root.left) + maxPathSum(root.right) + root.val }

    然而,按照动态规划的思路,root的结果跟其左右子树的结果之间应该是存在递推关系的:

    maxPathSum(root) = F( maxPathSum(root.left), maxPathSum(root.right), root )

    只是,这个root节点加进来之后如何影响最优解?进一步梳理思路:

    F( maxPathSum(root.left), maxPathSum(root.right), root )

          / max{maxPathSum(root.left), maxPathSum(root.right)},                                                                   if root 将不包含在最长路径中

    =  {

          max{maxPathSum(root.left), maxPathSum(root.right), max path sum of the path includes root},    if root 将包含在最长路径中

    问题将归结为:求出一条包含root节点的最长路径,并比较该路径的长度与其左右子树的最长路径长度。

    所以,在递归过程中,我们需要计算两个值:

    1)包含节点在内的最长路径(只可能跟该节点的左子树或者右子树相关);

    2)该节点作为根节点的子树的最长路径和;

    定义class描述这个递归中间结果:

    class max_val {
    		int max_path_include_root_half_tree; // 辅助值
    		int max_path_sum; // 待求解值
    
    		public void set(int x) {
    			max_path_include_root_half_tree = max_path_sum = x;
    		}
    	}
    

     递归过程:

    private void maxPathSum(TreeNode root, max_val max_vs) {
    		if (root == null) {
    			max_vs.set(-2147483647 >> 2);
    			return;
    		}
    
    		if (root.left == null && root.right == null) {
    			max_vs.set(root.val);
    			return;
    		}
    
    		max_val left_ = new max_val();
    		maxPathSum(root.left, left_);
    
    		max_val right_ = new max_val();
    		maxPathSum(root.right, right_);
    
    		int a = left_.max_path_include_root_half_tree + root.val;
    		int b = right_.max_path_include_root_half_tree + root.val;
    		int c = root.val;//a,b,c中包含root的值,并且最多包含了左子树或者右子树,这类路径可用于组成包含父节点的路径
    		int d = a + right_.max_path_include_root_half_tree;
    		int f = left_.max_path_sum;
    		int g = right_.max_path_sum;
    
    		max_vs.max_path_include_root_half_tree = max(new int[] { a, b, c });// 包含root的最长路径
    																	
    		max_vs.max_path_sum = max(new int[] { a, b, c, d, f, g });// root作为根节点的树的最长路径和
    
    	}
    

     最终求解:

    	public int maxPathSum(TreeNode root) {
    		// Start typing your Java solution below
    		// DO NOT write main() function
    		max_val mv_l = new max_val();
    		maxPathSum(root, mv_l);
    
    		return mv_l.max_path_sum;
    	}
    
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/luweiseu/p/3149164.html
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