1，BAPI简介
可以通过调用BAPI BAPI_ALM_ORDER_MAINTAI来更改工单的状态，具体使用到的参数是IT_METHODS。
IT_METHODS的定义如下：
各个字段含义如下：
REFNUMBER：是objecttype参数中填入的相关对象对应的内表行数，
OBJECTTYPE：对象类型，类型如下：
- HEADER Order header
- PARTNER Partner data
- USERSTATUS User status
- OPERATION Operation data
- RELATION Relationships
- COMPONENT Component
- TEXT Long texts
- SRULE Settlement rule
- OBJECTLIST Object list
- OLISTRELATION Object list link
- TASKLIST General maintenance task list
- PRT Production resources/tools
- SERVICEOUTLINE Service package outline
- SERVICELINE Service package service line
- SERVICELIMIT Service package limit
- SERVICECONTRACTLIMIT Service package contract limit
- ESTIMATEDCOST Estimated costs per value category
- (empty) General BAPI functions (Save)
METHOD：方法，可以实现创建、修改、删除、保存等功能以及工单的状态-lock、unlock、TECHNICALCOMPLETE等，具体代码如下：
- CREATE ：Create objects
- CREATETONOTIF： Create with reference to a notification
- CHANGE ： Change objects
- DELETE ：Delete objects
- RELEASE ： Release
- ATPCHECK ：Availability check
- CALCULATE ： Calculate
- SCHEDULE ：Schedule
- DELETEDSEX ： Delete the status for external scheduling at operation level
- ADD ：Add (only possible for object TASKLIST)
- SAVE ： Save all data
- DIALOG ： Dialog call
- TRACE ：Write trace file to the specified file on the front end
- DO_NOT_EXECUTE ： Do not execute
- DO_NOT_EXEC_NOTIF_CLOSE ：Do not execute and complete notifications
Note: This also automatically completes any outstanding tasks in the notifications.
- DO_NOT_EXEC_NOTIF_DEALLOC ：Do not execute and remove assigned notifications from order
Note: Notifications assigned to the order header are not removed, but rather automatically completed.
- LOCK ：Lock-锁定
- UNLOCK ：Unlock-解锁
- TECHNICALCOMPLETE ：Technically complete-技术完成
- CANCEL_TECHNICAL_COMPLETION ： Cancel technical completion-撤销技术完成
- TECO_WITH_NOTIF ：Technically complete with notifications
Note: If a reference date is transferred, the notification with the reference date is also completed. The tasks of the notification are not automatically completed.
- CANCEL_TECO_WITH_NOTIF ： Reset technical completion and put assigned notifications in process again
- COMPLETE_BUSINESS ：Complete (business)-业务完成
- CANCEL_BUSINESS_COMPLETION ：Cancel business completion
- BUS_COMPL_WITH_NOTIF ：Complete (business) with notifications
- SET_DEL_FLAG ：Set deletion flag-设置删除标识
- RESET_DEL_FLAG ：Reset deletion flag
- SET_DLFL_WITH_NOTIF ： Also set deletion flag for assigned notifications
- RESET_DLFL_WITH_NOTIF ：Reset deletion flag and put assigned notifications in process again
OBJECTKEY： 外部对象码，详细如下：
- 0-12 Order number 工单号
- 13-16 Operation number 工序号
- 17-20 Suboperation number 子工序号
- 13-24 Notification number (only for method CREATETONOTIF)
注意：每个object对象只能对应特定的method，详细对应关系如下：
- HEADER
- CREATE, CHANGE, RELEASE, ATPCHECK, CALCUALTE, SCHEDULE, CREATETONOTIF, DO_NOT_EXECUTE, LOCK, UNLOCK, TECHNICALCOMPLETE, CANCEL_TECHNICAL_COMPLETION, COMPLETE_BUSINESS, CANCEL_BUSINESS_COMPLETION, SET_DEL_FLAG, RESET_DEL_FLAG
- OPERATION
- CREATE, CHANGE, DELETE, DELETEDSEX
- PARTNER, RELATION, USERSTATUS, TEXT, SRULE, OBJECTLIST, PRT
- CREATE, CHANGE, DELETE
- OLISTRELATION
- CREATE, DELETE
- TASKLIST
- ADD
- COMPONENT
- CREATE, CHANGE, REASSIGN, DELETE
- ESTIMATEDCOST
- CHANGE
- (empty)
- SAVE, DIALOG, TRACE
2，例子代码
一个简单的例子，用来将工单的状态更新为技术完成。
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REPORT ztest_change_status.
DATA:lv_aufnr TYPE aufk-aufnr,
lv_result TYPE string,
lt_methods TYPE TABLE OF bapi_alm_order_method,
ls_methods TYPE bapi_alm_order_method,
lt_return TYPE bapiret2_t,
ls_return TYPE bapiret2.
lv_aufnr = '200000000123'.
ls_methods-refnumber = 1.
ls_methods-objecttype = 'HEADER'.
ls_methods-method = 'TECO_WITH_NOTIF'. "技术完成
ls_methods-objectkey = lv_aufnr.
APPEND ls_methods TO lt_methods.
IF lt_methods IS NOT INITIAL.
CLEAR ls_methods.
ls_methods-method = 'SAVE'.
APPEND ls_methods TO lt_methods.
REFRESH:lt_return.
CALL FUNCTION 'BAPI_ALM_ORDER_MAINTAIN'
TABLES
it_methods = lt_methods
return = lt_return.
READ TABLE lt_return INTO ls_return WITH KEY type = 'E'.
IF sy-subrc = 0.
CALL FUNCTION 'BAPI_TRANSACTION_ROLLBACK'.
MESSAGE ls_return-message TYPE 'S' DISPLAY LIKE 'E'.
ELSE.
CALL FUNCTION 'BAPI_TRANSACTION_COMMIT'
EXPORTING
wait = 'X'.
MESSAGE '工单状态更新成功' TYPE 'S'.
ENDIF.
ENDIF.
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3，测试
程序运行前，tcode IW33查看工单状态为释放REL
程序运行后，工单状态为技术完成TECO
其他，工单的技术完成状态可以通过IW32撤销，
以上。