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  • Pandas时间处理的一些小方法

    一、以下有两种方式可以创建一个Timestamp对象:

    1. Timestamp()的构造方法

    import pandas as pd
    from datetime import datetime as dt
    p1=pd.Timestamp(2017,6,19)
    p2=pd.Timestamp(dt(2017,6,19,hour=9,minute=13,second=45))
    p3=pd.Timestamp("2017-6-19 9:13:45")
    
    print("type of p1:",type(p1))
    print(p1)
    print("type of p2:",type(p2))
    print(p2)
    print("type of p3:",type(p3))
    print(p3)
    
    输出:
    ('type of p1:', <class 'pandas.tslib.Timestamp'>)
    2017-06-19 00:00:00
    ('type of p2:', <class 'pandas.tslib.Timestamp'>)
    2017-06-19 09:13:45
    ('type of p3:', <class 'pandas.tslib.Timestamp'>)
    2017-06-19 09:13:45

    2. to_datetime()方法

    import pandas as pd
    from datetime import datetime as dt
    
    p4=pd.to_datetime("2017-6-19 9:13:45")
    p5=pd.to_datetime(dt(2017,6,19,hour=9,minute=13,second=45))
    
    print("type of p4:",type(p4))
    print(p4)
    print("type of p5:",type(p5))
    print(p5)
    
    输出:
    ('type of p4:', <class 'pandas.tslib.Timestamp'>)
    2017-06-19 09:13:45
    ('type of p5:', <class 'pandas.tslib.Timestamp'>)
    2017-06-19 09:13:45

    datetime模块的对象有如下:

    • timedelta
    • date
    • datetime
    • time
    • tzinfo

    还包含以下两个常量:

    • datetime.MINYEAR (它返回的是1)
    • datetime.MAXYEAR(它返回的是9999)

    二、datetime对象

    它的构造方法: 
    class datetime.datetime(year, month, day[, hour[, minute[, second[, microsecond[, tzinfo]]]]]) 
    year, month 和 day 参数是必须的,其他参数可选, 参数tzinfo表示可选的时区信息,一般我们也用不到。参数值的范围如下:

    • MINYEAR <= year <= MAXYEAR
    • 1 <= month <= 12
    • 1 <= day <= number of days in the given month and year
    • 0 <= hour < 24
    • 0 <= minute < 60
    • 0 <= second < 60
    • 0 <= microsecond < 1000000

    我们平常能用到的也就是年,月,日,时,分,秒,其他参数可以不用管。下面通过例子认识下datetime对象。

    from datetime import datetime as dt
    t=dt(2017,6,1,hour=13,minute=17,second=30)
    print(type(t))
    print(t)
    
    输出:
    <type 'datetime.datetime'>
    2017-06-01 13:17:30

    如果我们只传参数year, month, day,那么时间会默认变成00:00:00,看下面的代码:

    from datetime import datetime as dt
    t=dt(2017,6,1)
    print(t)
    
    输出:2017-06-01 00:00:00

    下面我们看下datetime对象的几个方法:

    datetime.today() 返回本地当前的时间

    from datetime import datetime as dt
    print(dt.today())
    
    输出:2017-06-18 13:21:16.201000

    datetime.now([tz]) 返回本地当前的日期和时间。如果可选的参数 tz 为 None 或者没有指定,就如同today()

    from datetime import datetime as dt
    print(dt.now())
    
    输出:2017-06-18 13:23:33.536000

    datetime对象还有两个属性:min和max

    from datetime import datetime as dt
    min_time=dt.min
    max_time=dt.max
    print(min_time)
    print(max_time)
    
    输出:
    0001-01-01 00:00:00
    9999-12-31 23:59:59.999999
     
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/lvpengbo/p/8657992.html
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