数据结构二叉树（实训报告）

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
typedef char TElemType;
typedef struct node{
    TElemType data;       //结点数据 
    struct node *lchild,*rchild;   //左右子女指针 
}BinTNode, *BinTree;    //二叉树定义 

//创建二叉树
void createBinTree_Pre(BinTNode *&T,TElemType pre[],int &n){
    TElemType ch = pre[n++];
    if(ch == ';') return; 
    if(ch != '#'){
        T = (BinTNode*) malloc (sizeof(BinTNode));   //递归根节点
        T->data=ch;
        createBinTree_Pre(T->lchild,pre,n);     //递归建立左子树
        createBinTree_Pre(T->rchild,pre,n);     //递归建立右子树 
    }else 
        T = NULL;     //否则建立空子树 

};

//以广义表的形式输出二叉树
void PrintBinTree (BinTNode *T){
    if(T!=NULL){
        printf("%c",T->data);
        if(T->lchild!=NULL||T->rchild!=NULL){
            printf("(");
            PrintBinTree(T->lchild);
            printf(",");
            PrintBinTree(T->rchild);
            printf(")");
        }
    }
} 

//二叉树的总结点数
int Nodenum(BinTNode *T){
    if(T == NULL){
        return 0;
    }else{
        return 1+Nodenum(T->lchild)+Nodenum(T->rchild);
    }
} 

//计算二叉树的高度
int Height(BinTNode *T){
    if(T==NULL) return 0; //递归结束；空树高度为0 
    else{
        int i= Height(T->lchild);
        int j= Height(T->rchild);
        return (i<j)?j+1:i+1;
    } 
}

//二叉树的叶子结点数
int Leafnum (BinTNode *T){
    if(!T){
        return 0;
    }else if((T->lchild == NULL)&&(T->rchild == NULL)){
        return 1;
    }else {
        return (Leafnum (T->lchild)+Leafnum (T->rchild));
    }
}


//输入结点找双亲结点 
BinTNode *getParent (BinTNode *T,TElemType key){
    if((T->lchild!=NULL&&T->lchild->data==key)||(T->rchild!=NULL)&&T->rchild->data==key){
        return T;
    }else {
        getParent(T->lchild,key);
        getParent(T->rchild,key);
    }
    return NULL;
} 

//输入结点找左孩子和右孩子结点
BinTNode *getNodenum(BinTNode *T,TElemType key){
    if(T != NULL&&T->data == key){
        return T;
    }else {
        getNodenum (T->lchild,key);
        getNodenum (T->rchild,key);
    }
    return NULL;
} 

main(){
    BinTree T;
    BinTree Parent,leftChild,rightChild;
    char key;
    BinTree Temp;
    char a[100]={'A','B','C','#','#','D','E','#','#','#','F','#','#',';'};
    int i=0;
    createBinTree_Pre(T,a,i);
    printf("二叉树用广义表表示为：");
    PrintBinTree(T);
    printf("
二叉树的高度为:%d",Height(T));
    printf("
二叉树的总结点为:%d",Nodenum(T));
    printf("
二叉树的叶子结点为：%d",Leafnum(T));
    printf("
请输入需要查找的双亲结点的结点：");
    scanf("%c",&key);
    getchar();
    Parent = getParent(T,key);
    printf("输入的节点的双亲点的数据是：%c
",Parent->data);
    printf("请输入需要查找左右孩子结点的结点：");
    scanf("%c",&key);
    getchar();
    Temp = getNodenum(T,key);
    leftChild = Temp->lchild;
    rightChild = Temp->rchild;
    printf("您输入的节点的左孩子节点数据是：%c
",leftChild->data);
    printf("您输入的节点的右孩子节点数据是：%c
",rightChild->data);
}