HTTP请求的三种方式
package demo; import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.net.HttpURLConnection; import java.net.URL; public class Test3 { public static String sendRequest(String urlParam,String requestType) { HttpURLConnection con = null; BufferedReader buffer = null; StringBuffer resultBuffer = null; try { URL url = new URL(urlParam); //得到连接对象 con = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); //设置请求类型 con.setRequestMethod(requestType); //设置请求需要返回的数据类型和字符集类型 con.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=GBK"); //允许写出 con.setDoOutput(true); //允许读入 con.setDoInput(true); //不使用缓存 con.setUseCaches(false); //得到响应码 int responseCode = con.getResponseCode(); if(responseCode == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK){ //得到响应流 InputStream inputStream = con.getInputStream(); //将响应流转换成字符串 resultBuffer = new StringBuffer(); String line; buffer = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "GBK")); while ((line = buffer.readLine()) != null) { resultBuffer.append(line); } return resultBuffer.toString(); } }catch(Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return ""; } public static void main(String[] args) { String url ="http://www.baidu.com"; System.out.println(sendRequest(url,"POST")); } }
2、通过HttpClient发送http请求，得到返回数据（需要在pom.xml中添加依赖<dependency> <groupId>commons-httpclient</groupId> <artifactId>commons-httpclient</artifactId> <version>3.1</version></dependency>，此方法使用比较方便，比较广泛应用）
案例：
package com.wiseweb; import java.io.IOException; import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient; import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpException; import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.GetMethod; import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod; import org.apache.commons.httpclient.params.HttpMethodParams; public class Test1 { public static String sendPost(String urlParam) throws HttpException, IOException { // 创建httpClient实例对象 HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient(); // 设置httpClient连接主机服务器超时时间：15000毫秒 httpClient.getHttpConnectionManager().getParams().setConnectionTimeout(15000); // 创建post请求方法实例对象 PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod(urlParam); // 设置post请求超时时间 postMethod.getParams().setParameter(HttpMethodParams.SO_TIMEOUT, 60000); postMethod.addRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/json"); httpClient.executeMethod(postMethod); String result = postMethod.getResponseBodyAsString(); postMethod.releaseConnection(); return result; } public static String sendGet(String urlParam) throws HttpException, IOException { // 创建httpClient实例对象 HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient(); // 设置httpClient连接主机服务器超时时间：15000毫秒 httpClient.getHttpConnectionManager().getParams().setConnectionTimeout(15000); // 创建GET请求方法实例对象 GetMethod getMethod = new GetMethod(urlParam); // 设置post请求超时时间 getMethod.getParams().setParameter(HttpMethodParams.SO_TIMEOUT, 60000); getMethod.addRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/json"); httpClient.executeMethod(getMethod); String result = getMethod.getResponseBodyAsString(); getMethod.releaseConnection(); return result; } public static void main(String[] args) throws HttpException, IOException { String url ="http://www.baidu.com"; System.out.println(sendPost(url)); System.out.println(sendGet(url)); } }
<dependency> <groupId>commons-httpclient</groupId> <artifactId>commons-httpclient</artifactId> <version>3.1</version> </dependency>
package demo;
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocket;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
public class SocketForHttpTest {
private int port;
private String host;
private Socket socket;
private BufferedReader bufferedReader;
private BufferedWriter bufferedWriter;
public SocketForHttpTest(String host,int port) throws Exception{
this.host = host;
this.port = port;
/**
* http协议
*/
// socket = new Socket(this.host, this.port);
/**
* https协议
*/
socket = (SSLSocket)((SSLSocketFactory)SSLSocketFactory.getDefault()).createSocket(this.host, this.port);
}
public void sendGet() throws IOException{
//String requestUrlPath = "/z69183787/article/details/17580325";
String requestUrlPath = "/";
OutputStreamWriter streamWriter = new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream());
bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(streamWriter);
bufferedWriter.write("GET " + requestUrlPath + " HTTP/1.1
");
bufferedWriter.write("Host: " + this.host + "
");
bufferedWriter.write("
");
bufferedWriter.flush();
BufferedInputStream streamReader = new BufferedInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(streamReader, "utf-8"));
String line = null;
while((line = bufferedReader.readLine())!= null){
System.out.println(line);
}
bufferedReader.close();
bufferedWriter.close();
socket.close();
}
public void sendPost() throws IOException{
String path = "/";
String data = URLEncoder.encode("name", "utf-8") + "=" + URLEncoder.encode("张三", "utf-8") + "&" +
URLEncoder.encode("age", "utf-8") + "=" + URLEncoder.encode("32", "utf-8");
// String data = "name=zhigang_jia";
System.out.println(">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>"+data);
OutputStreamWriter streamWriter = new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream(), "utf-8");
bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(streamWriter);
bufferedWriter.write("POST " + path + " HTTP/1.1
");
bufferedWriter.write("Host: " + this.host + "
");
bufferedWriter.write("Content-Length: " + data.length() + "
");
bufferedWriter.write("Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
");
bufferedWriter.write("
");
bufferedWriter.write(data);
bufferedWriter.write("
");
bufferedWriter.flush();
BufferedInputStream streamReader = new BufferedInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(streamReader, "utf-8"));
String line = null;
while((line = bufferedReader.readLine())!= null)
{
System.out.println(line);
}
bufferedReader.close();
bufferedWriter.close();
socket.close();
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
/**
* http协议测试
*/
//SocketForHttpTest forHttpTest = new SocketForHttpTest("www.baidu.com", 80);
/**
* https协议测试
*/
SocketForHttpTest forHttpTest = new SocketForHttpTest("www.baidu.com", 443);
try {
forHttpTest.sendGet();
// forHttpTest.sendPost();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}