前言
前两天在和粉丝聊天的时候,粉丝跟我说之前在面试的时候被问到SpringBoot这一块的知识被问的有点懵,和我问了不少这方面的东西。事后我想了想不如把这些东西分享出来吧,让更多的人看到,这样不管是对自己知识的一个提升还是对面试的准备都有好处。好了,满满的干货都在下面了!
1.创建maven项目父工程(不使用idea的spring Initializr)
不勾选任何模板,直接使用默认项目模板
删除src文件夹,创建这个项目的目的是为了作为父工程,无需src文件夹,只保留pom文件即可
编辑pom文件
设置父工程打包方式为pom,用于依赖管理
<packaging>pom</packaging>
添加必要依赖
<dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>${spring-boot.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <version>${spring-boot.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> <version>${spring-boot.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- dubbo依赖 apache版 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId> <artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>2.7.7</version> </dependency> <!-- dubbo所需其他依赖 使用alibaba的dubbo则不需要 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId> <artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId> <version>4.0.1</version> </dependency> <!-- dubbo所需其他依赖 使用alibaba的dubbo则不需要 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId> <artifactId>curator-recipes</artifactId> <version>2.8.0</version> </dependency> <!-- zookeeper依赖 --> <dependency> <groupId>com.101tec</groupId> <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId> <version>0.7</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement>
2. 创建生产者
同第一步相同,创建子模块,名为provider
删除src文件夹,该模块仍作为父工程使用
修改pom文件,继承父工程,并设置打包方式为pom
<parent> <groupId>online.hupeng.dubbo</groupId> <artifactId>base</artifactId> <version>1.0</version> </parent> <artifactId>provider</artifactId> <packaging>pom</packaging>
创建子工程provider-api,
修改pom文件,继承父工程provider
这个工程为生产者和约束者约束api规范,生产者和消费者都需依赖此模块联系彼此
此模块中只写api和实体类,不写实现方式
<parent> <groupId>online.hupeng.dubbo</groupId> <artifactId>provider</artifactId> <version>1.0</version> </parent> <artifactId>provider-api</artifactId> <version>1.0</version> <!-- maven默认打包方式为jar包,此处可不用显示指定 --> <packaging>jar</packaging>
编写代码
实体类user
package online.hupeng.dubbo.provider.domain; import java.io.Serializable; /* 当实体类作为RPC方法的返回值时,必须实现Serializable接口,dubbo的实现原理就是 消费者远程调用生产者方法,生产者返回序列化后的返回值,消费者通过网络获取到序 列化后的数据再反序列化 */ /* 此处不实现Serializable接口,远程调用方法时会报错,并提示实体类需继承此接口 */ public class User implements Serializable { private String account; private String password; public String getAccount() { return account; } public void setAccount(String account) { this.account = account; } public String getPassword() { return password; } public void setPassword(String password) { this.password = password; } }
UserService接口
package online.hupeng.dubbo.provider.service; import online.hupeng.dubbo.provider.domain.User; public interface UserService { User getUserInstance(); }
执行mvn install命令将jar包打入本地仓库
完毕
在provider下创建子工程provider-service模块(此模块为真正的生产者)
编辑pom文件继承父工程
<parent> <groupId>online.hupeng.dubbo</groupId> <artifactId>provider</artifactId> <version>1.0</version> </parent> <artifactId>provider-service</artifactId> <version>1.0</version> <name>provider-service</name> <properties> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties>
添加必须依赖
<dependencies> <!-- 此处依赖api模块规范接口 --> <dependency> <groupId>online.hupeng.dubbo</groupId> <artifactId>provider-api</artifactId> <version>1.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> <exclusions> <exclusion> <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId> <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId> <artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId> <artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId> <artifactId>curator-recipes</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.101tec</groupId> <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies>
UserService的实现类UserServiceImpl
package online.hupeng.dubbo.provider.service.impl; import online.hupeng.dubbo.provider.domain.User; import online.hupeng.dubbo.provider.service.UserService; import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.DubboService; /* dubbo注解,指定接口版本号和超时时间,调用方需正确填写版本信息 */ @DubboService(version = "1.0", timeout = 300) public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService { @Override public User getUserInstance() { User user = new User(); user.setAccount("admin"); user.setPassword("admin"); return user; } }
application.yml配置
dubbo: application: # 指定该服务名称 name: provider registry: # 通信协议 protocol: zookeeper # 注册中心地址 address: 127.0.0.1 # 注册中心端口号 port: 2181 # 也可以不配置protocol和port,直接配置为zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181 protocol: name: dubbo # 服务暴露端口 port: 8081 # 包扫描(此处为扫描dubbo的注解,和SpringBoot无关) scan: base-packages: online.hupeng.dubbo
为启动类添加dubbo注解@EnableDubbo
package online.hupeng.dubbo.provider; import org.apache.dubbo.config.spring.context.annotation.EnableDubbo; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; @EnableDubbo @SpringBootApplication public class ProviderServiceApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(ProviderServiceApplication.class, args); } }
3. 创建消费者
在根项目下创建consumer模块
编辑pom文件继承父项目
<parent> <artifactId>base</artifactId> <groupId>online.hupeng.dubbo</groupId> <version>1.0</version> </parent> <artifactId>consumer</artifactId> <version>1.0</version>
添加必须依赖
<dependencies> <!-- 引入provider-api依赖用以远程调用 --> <dependency> <groupId>online.hupeng.dubbo</groupId> <artifactId>provider-api</artifactId> <version>1.0</version> <scope>compile</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> <exclusions> <exclusion> <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId> <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId> <artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId> <artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId> <artifactId>curator-recipes</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.101tec</groupId> <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies>
编辑controller层代码远程调用
package online.hupeng.dubbo.consumer.controller; import online.hupeng.dubbo.provider.domain.User; import online.hupeng.dubbo.provider.service.UserService; import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.DubboReference; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody; @Controller public class ConsumerController { /* 远程调用注解,需正确对应生产者的版本号,此处不需要@autowird注入对象 */ @DubboReference(version = "1.0") private UserService userService; @ResponseBody @GetMapping("/test") public User getUser() { return userService.getUserInstance(); } }
配置application.yml文件
dubbo: application: name: provider registry: protocol: zookeeper address: 127.0.0.1 port: 2181 protocol: name: dubbo # 服务暴露端口 port: 8081 # 包扫描 scan: base-packages: online.hupeng.dubbo ```
添加SpringBoot启动类
package online.hupeng.dubbo.consumer; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; @SpringBootApplication public class ConsumerApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApplication.class, args); } }
4. 测试
按顺序启动zookeeper、provider-service、consumer
访问http://localhost/test
成功!!!
最后
感谢你看到这里,看完有什么的不懂的可以在评论区问我,觉得文章对你有帮助的话记得给我点个赞,每天都会分享java相关技术文章或行业资讯,欢迎大家关注和转发文章!