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  • java实现excel表格导入数据库表

    导入excel就是一个上传excel文件，然后获取excel文件数据，然后处理数据并插入到数据库的过程

    一、上传excel

    前端jsp页面，我的是index.jsp

      在页面中我自己加入了一个下载上传文件的功能，其中超链接就是下载

    <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<script type="text/javascript" src="jquery/1.7.2/jquery-1.7.2.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="jquery/jquery.form.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
 
 
 
function test1(){
    var form = new FormData(document.getElementById("uploadForm"));
    $.ajax({
        contentType:"multipart/form-data",
        url:"servlet/UploadHandleServlet",
        type:"post",
        async:false,
        data:form,
        dataType:"json",
        processData: false,  // 告诉jQuery不要去处理发送的数据
        contentType: false,   // 告诉jQuery不要去设置Content-Type请求头
        success:function(data){
            var result=eval(data);
            var filePath=result[0].filePath;
            //alert(filePath);
            var fileName = result[0].imageName;
            $("#download").attr("href","servlet/DownLoadServlet?filePath="+filePath);
            document.getElementById("download").innerHTML = fileName; 
            
            //上传文件后得到路径，然后处理数据插入数据库表中
            importExcel(filePath); 
        }
    }); 
}
 
function importExcel(filePath){
    $.ajax({
        url:"${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/insertUserByExcelPath",
        type:"post",
        data:{"filePath":filePath},
        success:function(data){
        }
    });
}
 
</script>
<body>
 
导入excel表格
<form id="uploadForm" action="" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data"> 
    <table>  
         <tr>  
              <td>上传文件：</td>  
              <td>
              <input type="file" name="fileName" id="fileName"/>
              </td>  
         </tr>
    </table>
</form>
<button id="uploadFile" onclick="test1();">确定</button>
<!-- servlet/DownLoadServlet -->
上传的文件<a id="download" href=""></a>
</body>
</html>

    后端的上传的servlet，其中需要commons-fileupload-1.2.1.jar的支持，然后我的保存路径savePath是自己写的一个配置文件来的，这里可以写上自己的上传文件所保存的路径就行,返回的是一个json，包括文件路径还有文件名

    package com.huang.servlet;
 
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;
 
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
 
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadBase;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadException;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.ProgressListener;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.util.Streams;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
 
import com.huang.entity.User;
import com.huang.utils.Excel2Bean;
import com.huang.utils.PropertiesUtil;
 
/**
 * Servlet implementation class UploadHandleServlet
 */
@WebServlet("/UploadHandleServlet")
public class UploadHandleServlet extends HttpServlet {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
       
    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
     */
    public UploadHandleServlet() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }
 
    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
     */
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(request, response);
    }
 
    
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("进入servlet");
        DiskFileItemFactory fac = new DiskFileItemFactory();
        ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(fac);
        upload.setHeaderEncoding("UTF-8");
        // 获取多个上传文件
        List fileList = null;
        try {
            fileList = upload.parseRequest(request);
        } catch (FileUploadException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        // 遍历上传文件写入磁盘
        Iterator it = fileList.iterator();
        while (it.hasNext()) {
            Object obit = it.next();
            if (obit instanceof DiskFileItem) {
                DiskFileItem item = (DiskFileItem) obit;
                // 如果item是文件上传表单域
                // 获得文件名及路径
                String fileName = item.getName();
                if (fileName != null) {
                    String fName = item.getName().substring(
                            item.getName().lastIndexOf("\\") + 1);
                    String formatName = fName
                            .substring(fName.lastIndexOf(".") + 1);// 获取文件后缀名
                    String savePath = PropertiesUtil.getInstance().getProperty("uploadFile");
//                    String savePath = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/upload");
                    File expsfile = new File(savePath);
                    if (!expsfile.exists()) {// 创建文件夹
                        expsfile.mkdirs();
                    }
                    
                    String realPath = savePath+"/"+ UUID.randomUUID().toString()+"."+formatName;
                    System.out.println("realPath:"+realPath);
                    BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(
                            item.getInputStream());// 获得文件输入流
                    BufferedOutputStream outStream = new BufferedOutputStream(
                            new FileOutputStream(new File(realPath)));// 获得文件输出流
                    Streams.copy(bis, outStream, true);// 开始把文件写到你指定的上传文件夹
                    // 上传成功，则插入数据库
                    File file = new File(realPath);
                    if (file.exists()) {
//                        request.setAttribute("realPath", realPath);
//                        request.getRequestDispatcher("/user/insertUserByExcelPath").forward(request, response);
                        // 返回文件路径
                        String imageName = file.getName();
                        String json = "[{\"filePath\":\""
                                + realPath
                                + "\",\"imageName\":\"" + imageName + "\"}]";
                        response.reset();
                        response.setContentType("text/json");
                        response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
                        response.getWriter().write(json);
//                        response.getWriter().write(realPath);
                        response.getWriter().flush();
                    }
 
                }
            }
        }
    }
    
}

    二、处理excel表格并得到含有Javabean的list

    在用ajax调用servlet上传文件后得到路径和文件名，然后进行excel数据处理，在前端的页面上调用importExcel()的js函数，传入刚刚得到的文件路径

    我这里用的是ssm框架中的controller（我自己也学习一下），这里也可以用servlet,或者Struts等。能访问到后端服务就行。

    这里是controller中的代码，主要数据处理在Excel2Bean.getBeanByExcelPath(filePath, User.class)这个方法中

    import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
 
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
 
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextHolder;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.ServletRequestAttributes;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
 
import com.huang.entity.User;
import com.huang.service.UserService;
import com.huang.utils.Excel2Bean;
 
@Controller("/userController")
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
    
    @Autowired
    Excel2Bean excel2Bean;
    
    @Resource(name="userService")
    UserService userService;
 
    @RequestMapping("/insertUserByExcelPath")
    public void insertUserByExcelPath(HttpServletRequest req,HttpServletResponse Resp){
        System.out.println("进入insertUserByExcelPath");
        String filePath = req.getParameter("filePath");
        System.out.println("filePath:"+filePath);
        List<User> list =Excel2Bean.getBeanByExcelPath(filePath, User.class);
        excel2Bean.testinsert(list);
    }
}

    这里就说说Excel2Bean.getBeanByExcelPath(filePath, User.class)这个方法

    从excel表格中获取数据然后转换成一个javaBean的list集合，代码中操作excel表格需要用到的jar poi-ooxml-3.9-20121203.jar，poi-3.9-20121203.jar，poi-ooxml-schemas-3.9-20121203.jar，为什么要用到这些jar，因为在有些之前的版本的poi中可能对word的版本不能兼容，网上具体有说到这个。最好是用org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook这个来操作excel，poi各种版本官网下载可以参考微博https://mp.csdn.net/postedit/83620739。对于getBeanByExcelPath这个方法使用到了泛型，也使用到了一点点的反射的东西，获取一个类的属性，并给属性赋值。代码中有方法测试这个获取Javabean的属性并赋值的方法。这个方法也是为了能更通用一点，适用于更多的javabean，更多的表。当然excel的表头就要用到Javabean中的属性名称了。如果对泛型不是很了解的可以学习一下，当然也可以先看里面的readExcel(filePath)这个方法，是一个固定的Javabean对象

    代码如下

    package com.huang.utils;
 
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.text.DecimalFormat;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.*;
 
import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
 
import net.sf.jxls.exception.ParsePropertyException;
import net.sf.jxls.transformer.XLSTransformer;
 
import org.apache.poi.hssf.model.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.exceptions.InvalidFormatException;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.WorkbookFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
 
import com.huang.entity.User;
import com.huang.service.UserService;
 
@Component
public class Excel2Bean {
    
    @Resource(name="userService")
    UserService userService;
    
    public static Excel2Bean excel2Bean;
 
    @PostConstruct
    public void init() {
        excel2Bean = this;
    }
    public static void testinsert(List<User> list){
        if(list!=null&&list.size()>0){
            for (User user : list) {
                user.setId(excel2Bean.userService.getMaxId()+1);
                excel2Bean.userService.insertUserByUser(user);
            }
        }
//        System.out.println(excel2Bean.userService.getMaxId());
        
    }
    
    /**  
     * 获取属性名数组  
     * @throws IllegalAccessException 
     * @throws InstantiationException 
     * @throws SecurityException 
     * */  
    public static  String[]  getFiledName(Class<?> clazz) throws SecurityException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException{
        
        Field[] fields=clazz.newInstance().getClass().getDeclaredFields();  
        String[] fieldNames=new String[fields.length];  
        for(int i=0;i<fields.length;i++){  
//            System.out.println(fields[i].getType());  
            fieldNames[i]=fields[i].getName();  
        }  
        return fieldNames;  
    } 
 
 
    public static <T>T getByExcelPath(String excelPath,Class<T> clazz){
        T bean = null;
        try {
            bean = clazz.newInstance();
            String tableName = clazz.getSimpleName();
            // 反射bean上与列名相同的属性
            try {
                Field f = bean.getClass().getDeclaredField("name");
                f.setAccessible(true);
                f.set(bean, "兽王");
//                System.out.println(f);
            } catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (SecurityException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        } catch (InstantiationException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return bean;
    }
    
    public static <T> List<T> getBeanByExcelPath(String excelPath,Class<T> clazz){
        List<T> list = new ArrayList<T>();
        org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook workbook = null;
        InputStream is = null;
        try {
            is = new FileInputStream(excelPath);
            workbook = WorkbookFactory.create(is);
            is.close();
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (InvalidFormatException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } 
        // 循环工作表
        for (int numSheet = 0; numSheet < workbook.getNumberOfSheets(); numSheet++) {
            Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(numSheet);//得到工作表
            if (sheet == null) {
                continue;
            }
            // 循环行  因为表头行是第0行，所以从0开始循环
            Row rowHead = sheet.getRow(0);
            for (int rowNum = 1; rowNum <= sheet.getLastRowNum(); rowNum++) {
                T bean = null;
                try {
                    bean = clazz.newInstance();
                } catch (InstantiationException e1) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e1.printStackTrace();
                } catch (IllegalAccessException e1) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e1.printStackTrace();
                }
                Row row = sheet.getRow(rowNum);//得到行
                short s = row.getLastCellNum();//得到此行有多少列
                for (int i = 0; i < s; i++) {
                    Cell cell = row.getCell(i);//得到单元格（每行）
                    Cell cellHead = rowHead.getCell(i);
                    String feild = (String) getCellValObject(cellHead);//得到表头属性名称
                    Object value = getCellValObject(cell);
                    Field f = null;
                    try {
                        
                        f = bean.getClass().getDeclaredField(feild);//根据名称获取bean中的属性
                        f.setAccessible(true);
                        f.set(bean, value);//给属性赋值
                    } catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
                        // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    } catch (SecurityException e) {
                        // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
                        // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
                        // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    } 
                }
                
                //把所有属性值添加完成后装入list中
                list.add(bean);
                
            }
        }
        
        
        return list;
    }
    
    public static String getCellVal(HSSFCell cel) {
        if(cel.getCellType() == HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING) {
            return cel.getRichStringCellValue().getString();
        }
        if(cel.getCellType() == HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC) {
            return cel.getNumericCellValue() + "";
        }
        if(cel.getCellType() == HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN) {
            return cel.getBooleanCellValue() + "";
        }
        return cel.toString();
    }
    
    public static String getCellVal(Cell cel) {
        if(cel.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING) {
            return cel.getRichStringCellValue().getString();
        }
        if(cel.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC) {
            return cel.getNumericCellValue() + "";
        }
        if(cel.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN) {
            return cel.getBooleanCellValue() + "";
        }
        if(cel.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA) {
            return cel.getCellFormula() + "";
        }
        return cel.toString();
    }
    
    public static Object getCellValObject(Cell cel) {
        if(cel.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING) {
            return cel.getRichStringCellValue().getString();
        }
        if(cel.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC) {
            return new Integer(Double.valueOf(cel.getNumericCellValue()).intValue());
        }
        if(cel.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN) {
            return cel.getBooleanCellValue() + "";
        }
        if(cel.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA) {
            return cel.getCellFormula() + "";
        }
        return null;
    }
    
    public static List<User> readExcel(String filePath){
        List<User> list = new ArrayList<User>();
//        HSSFWorkbook workbook = null;
        org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook workbook = null;
        try {
          // 读取Excel文件
          InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(filePath);
//          workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(inputStream);
          workbook = WorkbookFactory.create(inputStream);
          inputStream.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
          e.printStackTrace();
        }
        // 循环工作表
        for (int numSheet = 0; numSheet < workbook.getNumberOfSheets(); numSheet++) {
          Sheet hssfSheet = workbook.getSheetAt(numSheet);
          if (hssfSheet == null) {
            continue;
          }
          // 循环行
          for (int rowNum = 1; rowNum <= hssfSheet.getLastRowNum(); rowNum++) {
            Row hssfRow = hssfSheet.getRow(rowNum);
//            System.out.println("hssfRow1:"+hssfRow.getRowNum());
//            System.out.println("hssfRow2:"+hssfRow.getLastCellNum());
            if (hssfRow == null) {
              continue;
            }
            // 将单元格中的内容存入集合
            User user = new User();
            Cell cell = hssfRow.getCell(0);
            if (cell == null) {
              continue;
            }
            String name = getCellVal(cell);
            System.out.println("name:"+name);
            user.setName(name);
            cell = hssfRow.getCell(1);
            if (cell == null) {
              continue;
            }
            String age = getCellVal(cell);
            Integer aa = Double.valueOf(age).intValue();
            
            System.out.println("age:"+age);
            user.setAge(Double.valueOf(age).intValue());
            list.add(user);
          }
        }
        return list;
    }
}

    三、插入数据库

    得到excel转换成Javabean的list对象后然后插入到数据库中。我这里用的是ssm里面的一些操作，我自己可能都解释不清楚。反正得到数据，然后往数据库插入数据这个操作也可以用其他方式的，框架也好，jdbc连接数据库直接去执行sql也好，都OK。

    最后贴一下下载上传的文件的servlet代码

    package com.huang.servlet;
 
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
 
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
 
/**
 * Servlet implementation class DownLoadServlet
 */
@WebServlet("/DownLoadServlet")
public class DownLoadServlet extends HttpServlet {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
       
    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
     */
    public DownLoadServlet() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }
 
    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
     */
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(request,response);
    }
 
    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
     */
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        // 下载文件
//        String path = "d:"+File.separator + "mytestfile" + File.separator + "testFile.txt";
        String path = request.getParameter("filePath");
        String realPath = path.substring(path.lastIndexOf("\\")+1);  
        response.setHeader("content-disposition","attachment; filename="+URLEncoder.encode(realPath, "utf-8"));  
        //获取到所下载的资源  
        FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(path);
        if(fis!=null){
            int len = 0;
            byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
            while ((len = fis.read(buf)) != -1) {
                response.getOutputStream().write(buf, 0, len);
            }
            fis.close();
        }else{
            response.getWriter().write("服务器上面不存在该文件");
        }
        
    }
 
}


    还有User.java这个javabean、

    public class User {
    private Integer id;
     
    private String name;
 
    private Integer age;
 
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }
 
    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
 
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
 
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name == null ? null : name.trim();
    }

    原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/summerdirewof/article/details/83822710
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  • 原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/lx06/p/15688829.html
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