将表里的数据批量生成INSERT语句的存储过程 增强版

将表里的数据批量生成INSERT语句的存储过程 增强版

有时候，我们需要将某个表里的数据全部或者根据查询条件导出来，迁移到另一个相同结构的库中

目前SQL Server里面是没有相关的工具根据查询条件来生成INSERT语句的，只有借助第三方工具（third party tools）

这种脚本网上也有很多，但是网上的脚本还是欠缺一些规范和功能，例如：我只想导出特定查询条件的数据，网上的脚本都是导出全表数据

如果表很大，对性能会有很大影响

这里有一个存储过程（适用于SQLServer2005 或以上版本）

-- =============================================
-- Author:      <桦仔>
-- Blog:        <http://www.cnblogs.com/lyhabc/>
-- Create date: <2014/10/18>
-- Description: <根据查询条件导出表数据的insert脚本>
-- =============================================
CREATE  PROCEDURE [InsertGenerator]
(
      @tableName NVARCHAR(100),-- the table name
      @whereClause NVARCHAR(MAX),--col1=1
      @includeIdentity INT -- include identity column(1:yes,0:no)
)
AS 

--Then it includes a cursor to fetch column specific information (column name and the data type thereof) 
--from information_schema.columns pseudo entity and loop through for building the INSERT and VALUES clauses 
--of an INSERT DML statement.

    DECLARE @string NVARCHAR(MAX) --for storing the first half of INSERT statement
    DECLARE @stringData NVARCHAR(MAX) --for storing the data (VALUES) related statement
    DECLARE @dataType NVARCHAR(20) --data types returned for respective columns
    DECLARE @schemaName NVARCHAR(20) --schema name returned from sys.schemas
    DECLARE @schemaNameCount int--shema count
    DECLARE @QueryString  NVARCHAR(MAX) -- provide for the whole query, 
    DECLARE @identity INT  --identity column(1:yes,0:no)

    set @QueryString=' '

     --如果有多个schema，选择其中一个schema
    SELECT @schemaNameCount=COUNT(*)
    FROM    sys.tables t
            INNER JOIN sys.schemas s ON t.schema_id = s.schema_id
    WHERE   t.name = @tableName

    WHILE(@schemaNameCount>0)
    BEGIN

    --如果有多个schema，依次指定
    select @schemaName = name 
    from 
    (
        SELECT ROW_NUMBER() over(order by  s.schema_id) RowID,s.name
        FROM    sys.tables t
        INNER JOIN sys.schemas s ON t.schema_id = s.schema_id
        WHERE   t.name =  @tableName
    ) as v
    where RowID=@schemaNameCount

    --Declare a cursor to retrieve column specific information 
    --for the specified table
    DECLARE cursCol CURSOR FAST_FORWARD
    FOR
       SELECT
            clmns.[name] AS [column_name],
            usrt.[name] AS [data_type],
            CAST(COLUMNPROPERTY(clmns.id, clmns.[name], N'IsIdentity') AS int) AS [Identity]
        FROM dbo.sysobjects AS tbl WITH (NOLOCK)
            INNER JOIN dbo.syscolumns AS clmns WITH (NOLOCK) ON clmns.id=tbl.id
            LEFT JOIN dbo.systypes AS usrt WITH (NOLOCK) ON usrt.xusertype = clmns.xusertype
            LEFT JOIN dbo.sysusers AS sclmns WITH (NOLOCK) ON sclmns.uid = usrt.uid
            LEFT JOIN dbo.systypes AS baset WITH (NOLOCK) ON baset.xusertype = clmns.xtype and baset.xusertype = baset.xtype
            LEFT JOIN dbo.syscomments AS defaults WITH (NOLOCK) ON defaults.id = clmns.cdefault
            LEFT JOIN dbo.syscomments AS cdef WITH (NOLOCK) ON cdef.id = clmns.id AND cdef.number = clmns.colid
        WHERE (tbl.[type] = 'U') AND (tbl.[name]=@tableName AND SCHEMA_NAME(tbl.uid)=@schemaName)
              AND CAST(COLUMNPROPERTY(clmns.id, clmns.[name], N'IsIdentity') AS int)=@includeIdentity
        ORDER BY tbl.[name], clmns.colorder
 
    OPEN cursCol
    SET @string = 'INSERT INTO [' + @schemaName + '].[' + @tableName + ']('
    SET @stringData = ''

    DECLARE @colName NVARCHAR(500)

    FETCH NEXT FROM cursCol INTO @colName, @dataType,@identity

    PRINT @schemaName
    PRINT @colName
    IF @@fetch_status <> 0
        BEGIN
            PRINT 'Table ' + @tableName + ' not found, processing skipped.'
            CLOSE curscol
            DEALLOCATE curscol
            RETURN
        END

    WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
        BEGIN
            IF @dataType IN ( 'varchar', 'char', 'nchar', 'nvarchar' )
                BEGIN
                       SET @stringData = @stringData + '''''''''+
                            isnull(' + @colName + ','''')+'''''',''+'
                END
            ELSE
                IF @dataType IN ( 'text', 'ntext' ) --if the datatype 
                                 --is text or something else 
                    BEGIN
                        SET @stringData = @stringData + '''''''''+
          isnull(cast(' + @colName + ' as nvarchar(max)),'''')+'''''',''+'
                    END
                ELSE
                    IF @dataType = 'money' --because money doesn't get converted 
                       --from varchar implicitly
                        BEGIN
                            SET @stringData = @stringData
                                + '''convert(money,''''''+
        isnull(cast(' + @colName
                                + ' as nvarchar(max)),''0.0000'')+''''''),''+'
                        END
                    ELSE
                        IF @dataType = 'datetime'
                            BEGIN
        --                        SET @stringData = @stringData
        --                            + '''convert(datetime,''''''+
        --isnull(cast(' + @colName + ' as nvarchar(max)),''null'')+''''''),''+'
                                 SET @stringData = @stringData+ 'COALESCE(''''''''+CONVERT(varchar(max),' + @colName + ',120)+'''''''',''NULL'')+'',''+'

                            END
                        ELSE
                            IF @dataType = 'image'
                                BEGIN
                                    SET @stringData = @stringData + '''''''''+
       isnull(cast(convert(varbinary,' + @colName + ') 
       as varchar(6)),''0'')+'''''',''+'
                                END
                            ELSE --presuming the data type is int,bit,numeric,decimal 
                            BEGIN
                                    SET @stringData = @stringData + '''''''''+
          isnull(cast(' + @colName + ' as nvarchar(max)),''0'')+'''''',''+'
                                END

            SET @string = @string + '[' + @colName + ']' + ','

            FETCH NEXT FROM cursCol INTO @colName, @dataType,@identity
        END
--After both of the clauses are built, the VALUES clause contains a trailing comma which needs to be replaced with a single quote. The prefixed clause will only face removal of the trailing comma.

    DECLARE @Query NVARCHAR(MAX) -- provide for the whole query, 
                              -- you may increase the size
    PRINT @whereClause
    IF ( @whereClause IS NOT NULL
         AND @whereClause <> ''
       )
        BEGIN  
            PRINT 'stringData:'+@stringData
            SET @query = 'SELECT ''' + SUBSTRING(@string, 0, LEN(@string))
                + ') VALUES(''+ ' + SUBSTRING(@stringData, 0,
                                              LEN(@stringData) - 2)
                + '''+'')'' 
   FROM ' +@schemaName+'.'+ @tableName + ' WHERE ' + @whereClause
            PRINT @query
           -- EXEC sp_executesql @query --load and run the built query
--Eventually, close and de-allocate the cursor created for columns information.
        END
    ELSE
  BEGIN 
            SET @query = 'SELECT ''' + SUBSTRING(@string, 0, LEN(@string))
                + ') VALUES(''+ ' + SUBSTRING(@stringData, 0,
                                              LEN(@stringData) - 2)
                + '''+'')'' 
    FROM ' + @schemaName+'.'+ @tableName

        END

    CLOSE cursCol
    DEALLOCATE cursCol

    SET @schemaNameCount=@schemaNameCount-1
    IF(@schemaNameCount=0)
    BEGIN
       SET @QueryString=@QueryString+@query
    END
    ELSE
    BEGIN
        SET @QueryString=@QueryString+@query+' UNION ALL '
    END
    --SET @QueryString=REPLACE(@QueryString,'convert(datetime,''NULL'')',NULL)
    PRINT CONVERT(VARCHAR(MAX),@schemaNameCount)+'---'+@QueryString
    END
    --PRINT @QueryString
    EXEC sp_executesql  @QueryString --load and run the built query
--Eventually, close and de-allocate the cursor created for columns information.

这里要声明一下，如果你有多个schema，并且每个schema下面都有同一张表，那么脚本只会生成其中一个schema下面的表insert脚本

比如我现在有三个schema，下面都有customer这个表

CREATE TABLE dbo.[customer](city int,region int)

CREATE SCHEMA test
CREATE TABLE test.[customer](city int,region int)

CREATE SCHEMA test1
CREATE TABLE test1.[customer](city int,region int)

在执行脚本的时候他只会生成dbo这个schema下面的表insert脚本

INSERT INTO [dbo].[customer]([city],[region]) VALUES('1','2')

这个脚本有一个缺陷

无论你的表的字段是什麽数据类型，导出来的时候只能是字符

表结构

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[customer](city int,region int)

导出来的insert脚本

INSERT INTO [dbo].[customer]([city],[region]) VALUES('1','2')

我这里演示一下怎麽用

有两种方式

1、导全表数据

InsertGenerator 'customer', null

或

InsertGenerator 'customer', ' '

2、根据查询条件导数据

InsertGenerator 'customer', 'city=3'

或者

InsertGenerator 'customer', 'city=3 and region=8'

点击一下，选择全部

然后复制

新建一个查询窗口，然后粘贴

其实SQLServer的技巧有很多

最后，大家可以看一下代码，非常简单，如果要支持SQLServer2000，只要改一下代码就可以了

补充：创建一张测试表

CREATE TABLE testinsert (id INT,name VARCHAR(100),cash MONEY,dtime DATETIME)


INSERT INTO [dbo].[testinsert]
        ( [id], [name], [cash], [dtime] )
VALUES  ( 1, -- id - int
          'nihao', -- name - varchar(100)
          8.8, -- cash - money
          GETDATE()  -- dtime - datetime
          )

SELECT * FROM [dbo].[testinsert]

测试

InsertGenerator 'testinsert' ,''

InsertGenerator 'testinsert' ,'name=''nihao'''

InsertGenerator 'testinsert' ,'name=''nihao'' and cash=8.8'

datetime类型会有一些问题

生成的结果会自动帮你转换

INSERT INTO [dbo].[testinsert]([id],[name],[cash],[dtime]) VALUES('1','nihao',convert(money,'8.80'),convert(datetime,'02  8 2015  5:17PM'))

---

群里的人共享的另一个脚本

IF OBJECT_ID('spGenInsertSQL','P') IS NOT NULL 
DROP PROC spGenInsertSQL
GO
CREATE   proc spGenInsertSQL (@tablename varchar(256),@number BIGINT,@whereClause NVARCHAR(MAX))
as
begin
declare @sql varchar(8000)
declare @sqlValues varchar(8000)
set @sql =' ('
set @sqlValues = 'values (''+'
select @sqlValues = @sqlValues + cols + ' + '','' + ' ,@sql = @sql + '[' + name + '],'
  from
      (select case
                when xtype in (48,52,56,59,60,62,104,106,108,122,127)       

                     then 'case when '+ name +' is null then ''NULL'' else ' + 'cast('+ name + ' as varchar)'+' end'

                when xtype in (58,61,40,41,42)

                     then 'case when '+ name +' is null then ''NULL'' else '+''''''''' + ' + 'cast('+ name +' as varchar)'+ '+'''''''''+' end'

               when xtype in (167)

                     then 'case when '+ name +' is null then ''NULL'' else '+''''''''' + ' + 'replace('+ name+','''''''','''''''''''')' + '+'''''''''+' end'

                when xtype in (231)

                     then 'case when '+ name +' is null then ''NULL'' else '+'''N'''''' + ' + 'replace('+ name+','''''''','''''''''''')' + '+'''''''''+' end'

                when xtype in (175)

                     then 'case when '+ name +' is null then ''NULL'' else '+''''''''' + ' + 'cast(replace('+ name+','''''''','''''''''''') as Char(' + cast(length as varchar)  + '))+'''''''''+' end'

                when xtype in (239)

                     then 'case when '+ name +' is null then ''NULL'' else '+'''N'''''' + ' + 'cast(replace('+ name+','''''''','''''''''''') as Char(' + cast(length as varchar)  + '))+'''''''''+' end'

                else '''NULL'''

              end as Cols,name

         from syscolumns 

        where id = object_id(@tablename)

      ) T
IF (@number!=0 AND @number IS NOT NULL)
BEGIN
set @sql ='select top '+ CAST(@number AS VARCHAR(6000))+' ''INSERT INTO ['+ @tablename + ']' + left(@sql,len(@sql)-1)+') ' + left(@sqlValues,len(@sqlValues)-4) + ')'' from '+@tablename
print @sql
END
ELSE
BEGIN 
set @sql ='select ''INSERT INTO ['+ @tablename + ']' + left(@sql,len(@sql)-1)+') ' + left(@sqlValues,len(@sqlValues)-4) + ')'' from '+@tablename
print @sql
END


PRINT @whereClause
IF ( @whereClause IS NOT NULL  AND @whereClause <> '')
BEGIN
set @sql =@sql+' where '+@whereClause
print @sql
END

exec (@sql)
end
GO

调用示例

--非dbo默认架构需注意
--支持数据类型 ：bigint，int， bit，char，datetime，date，time，decimal，money， nvarchar(50)，tinyint， nvarchar(max)，varchar(max)，datetime2
--调用示例 如果top行或者where条件为空，只需要把参数填上null

spGenInsertSQL 'customer' --表名
, 2 --top 行数
, 'city=3 and didian=''大连'' '  --where 条件

--导出全表 where条件为空
spGenInsertSQL 'customer' --表名
, null --top 行数
,null --where 条件

INSERT INTO [Department] ([DepartmentID],[Name],[GroupName],[Company],[ModifiedDate]) values (1,N'售后部',N'销售组',N'中国你好有限公司XX分公司','05  5 2015  5:58PM')
INSERT INTO [Department] ([DepartmentID],[Name],[GroupName],[Company],[ModifiedDate]) values (2,N'售后部',N'销售组',N'中国你好有限公司XX分公司','05  5 2015  5:58PM')

如有不对的地方，欢迎大家拍砖o(∩_∩)o 

本文版权归作者所有，未经作者同意不得转载。