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  • c# 序列化

    BinaryFormatter

    Book类
    using System;
    using System.Collections;
    using System.Text;

    namespace SerializableTest
    {
        [Serializable]
        public class Book
        {
            public Book()
            {
                alBookReader = new ArrayList();
            }

            public string strBookName;

            [NonSerialized]
            public string strBookPwd;

            private string _bookID;
            public string BookID
            {
                get { return _bookID; }
                set { _bookID = value; }
            }

            public ArrayList alBookReader;

            private string _bookPrice;
            public void SetBookPrice(string price)
            {
                _bookPrice = price;
            }

            public void Write()
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Book ID:" + BookID);
                Console.WriteLine("Book Name:" + strBookName);
                Console.WriteLine("Book Password:" + strBookPwd);
                Console.WriteLine("Book Price:" + _bookPrice);
                Console.WriteLine("Book Reader:");
                for (int i = 0; i < alBookReader.Count; i++)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(alBookReader[i]);
                }
            }
        }
    }
    这个类比较简单,就是定义了一些public字段和一个可读写的属性,一个private字段,一个标记为[NonSerialized]的字段,具体会在下面的例子中体现出来

    一、BinaryFormatter序列化方式
    1、序列化,就是给Book类赋值,然后进行序列化到一个文件中
                Book book = new Book();
                book.BookID = "1";
                book.alBookReader.Add("gspring");
                book.alBookReader.Add("永春");
                book.strBookName = "C#强化";
                book.strBookPwd = "*****";
                book.SetBookPrice("50.00");
                BinarySerialize serialize = new BinarySerialize();
                serialize.Serialize(book);2、反序列化
                BinarySerialize serialize = new BinarySerialize();
                Book book = serialize.DeSerialize();
                book.Write();3、测试用的
    BinarySerialize类
    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.Text;
    using System.IO;
    using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;

    namespace SerializableTest
    {
        public class BinarySerialize
        {
            string strFile = "c:\\book.data";

            public void Serialize(Book book)
            {
                using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(strFile, FileMode.Create))
                {
                    BinaryFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter();
                    formatter.Serialize(fs, book);
                }
            }

            public Book DeSerialize()
            {
                Book book;
                using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(strFile, FileMode.Open))
                {
                    BinaryFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter();
                    book = (Book)formatter.Deserialize(fs);
                }
                return book;
            }
        }
    }
    主要就是调用System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary空间下的BinaryFormatter类进行序列化和反序列化,以缩略型二进制格式写到一个文件中去,速度比较快,而且写入后的文件已二进制保存有一定的保密效果。
    调用反序列化后的截图如下:

    也就是说除了标记为NonSerialized的其他所有成员都能序列化

    二、SoapFormatter序列化方式
    调用序列化和反序列化的方法和上面比较类似,我就不列出来了,主要就看看SoapSerialize类
    SoapSerialize类
    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.Text;
    using System.IO;
    using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Soap;

    namespace SerializableTest
    {
        public class SoapSerialize
        {
            string strFile = "c:\\book.soap";

            public void Serialize(Book book)
            {
                using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(strFile, FileMode.Create))
                {
                    SoapFormatter formatter = new SoapFormatter();
                    formatter.Serialize(fs, book);
                }
            }

            public Book DeSerialize()
            {
                Book book;
                using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(strFile, FileMode.Open))
                {
                    SoapFormatter formatter = new SoapFormatter();
                    book = (Book)formatter.Deserialize(fs);
                }
                return book;
            }
        }
    }
    主要就是调用System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Soap空间下的SoapFormatter类进行序列化和反序列化,使用之前需要应用System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Soap.dll(.net自带的)
    序列化之后的文件是Soap格式的文件(简单对象访问协议(Simple Object Access Protocol,SOAP),是一种轻量的、简单的、基于XML的协议,它被设计成在WEB上交换结构化的和固化的信息。 SOAP 可以和现存的许多因特网协议和格式结合使用,包括超文本传输协议(HTTP),简单邮件传输协议(SMTP),多用途网际邮件扩充协议(MIME)。它还支持从消息系统到远程过程调用(RPC)等大量的应用程序。SOAP使用基于XML的数据结构和超文本传输协议(HTTP)的组合定义了一个标准的方法来使用Internet上各种不同操作环境中的分布式对象。)
    调用反序列化之后的结果和方法一相同

    XML序列化方式
    调用序列化和反序列化的方法和上面比较类似,我就不列出来了,主要就看看XmlSerialize类
    XmlSerialize类
    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.Text;
    using System.IO;
    using System.Xml.Serialization;

    namespace SerializableTest
    {
        public class XmlSerialize
        {
            string strFile = "c:\\book.xml";

            public void Serialize(Book book)
            {
                using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(strFile, FileMode.Create))
                {
                    XmlSerializer formatter = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Book));
                    formatter.Serialize(fs, book);
                }
            }

            public Book DeSerialize()
            {
                Book book;
                using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(strFile, FileMode.Open))
                {
                    XmlSerializer formatter = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Book));
                    book = (Book)formatter.Deserialize(fs);
                }
                return book;
            }
        }
    }
    从这三个测试类我们可以看出来其实三种方法的调用方式都差不多,只是具体使用的类不同
    xml序列化之后的文件就是一般的一个xml文件:
    book.xml
    <?xml version="1.0"?>
    <Book xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
    <strBookName>C#强化</strBookName>
    <strBookPwd>*****</strBookPwd>
    <alBookReader>
        <anyType xsi:type="xsd:string">gspring</anyType>
        <anyType xsi:type="xsd:string">永春</anyType>
    </alBookReader>
    <BookID>1</BookID>
    </Book>输出截图如下:

    也就是说采用xml序列化的方式只能保存public的字段和可读写的属性,对于private等类型的字段不能进行序列化

    关于循环引用:
    比如在上面的例子Book类中加入如下一个属性:
            public Book relationBook;
    在调用序列化时使用如下方法:
                Book book = new Book();
                book.BookID = "1";
                book.alBookReader.Add("gspring");
                book.alBookReader.Add("永春");
                book.strBookName = "C#强化";
                book.strBookPwd = "*****";
                book.SetBookPrice("50.00");

                Book book2 = new Book();
                book2.BookID = "2";
                book2.alBookReader.Add("gspring");
                book2.alBookReader.Add("永春");
                book2.strBookName = ".NET强化";
                book2.strBookPwd = "*****";
                book2.SetBookPrice("40.00");

                book.relationBook = book2;
                book2.relationBook = book;
                BinarySerialize serialize = new BinarySerialize();
                serialize.Serialize(book);这样就会出现循环引用的情况,对于BinarySerialize和SoapSerialize可以正常序列化(.NET内部进行处理了),对于XmlSerialize出现这种情况会报错:"序列化类型 SerializableTest.Book 的对象时检测到循环引用。"



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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/lzjsky/p/2092054.html
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