BinaryFormatter
Book类
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Text;
namespace SerializableTest
{
[Serializable]
public class Book
{
public Book()
{
alBookReader = new ArrayList();
}
public string strBookName;
[NonSerialized]
public string strBookPwd;
private string _bookID;
public string BookID
{
get { return _bookID; }
set { _bookID = value; }
}
public ArrayList alBookReader;
private string _bookPrice;
public void SetBookPrice(string price)
{
_bookPrice = price;
}
public void Write()
{
Console.WriteLine("Book ID:" + BookID);
Console.WriteLine("Book Name:" + strBookName);
Console.WriteLine("Book Password:" + strBookPwd);
Console.WriteLine("Book Price:" + _bookPrice);
Console.WriteLine("Book Reader:");
for (int i = 0; i < alBookReader.Count; i++)
{
Console.WriteLine(alBookReader[i]);
}
}
}
}
这个类比较简单,就是定义了一些public字段和一个可读写的属性,一个private字段,一个标记为[NonSerialized]的字段,具体会在下面的例子中体现出来
一、BinaryFormatter序列化方式
1、序列化,就是给Book类赋值,然后进行序列化到一个文件中
Book book = new Book();
book.BookID = "1";
book.alBookReader.Add("gspring");
book.alBookReader.Add("永春");
book.strBookName = "C#强化";
book.strBookPwd = "*****";
book.SetBookPrice("50.00");
BinarySerialize serialize = new BinarySerialize();
serialize.Serialize(book);2、反序列化
BinarySerialize serialize = new BinarySerialize();
Book book = serialize.DeSerialize();
book.Write();3、测试用的
BinarySerialize类
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.IO;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;
namespace SerializableTest
{
public class BinarySerialize
{
string strFile = "c:\\book.data";
public void Serialize(Book book)
{
using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(strFile, FileMode.Create))
{
BinaryFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter();
formatter.Serialize(fs, book);
}
}
public Book DeSerialize()
{
Book book;
using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(strFile, FileMode.Open))
{
BinaryFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter();
book = (Book)formatter.Deserialize(fs);
}
return book;
}
}
}
主要就是调用System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary空间下的BinaryFormatter类进行序列化和反序列化,以缩略型二进制格式写到一个文件中去,速度比较快,而且写入后的文件已二进制保存有一定的保密效果。
调用反序列化后的截图如下:
也就是说除了标记为NonSerialized的其他所有成员都能序列化
二、SoapFormatter序列化方式
调用序列化和反序列化的方法和上面比较类似,我就不列出来了,主要就看看SoapSerialize类
SoapSerialize类
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.IO;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Soap;
namespace SerializableTest
{
public class SoapSerialize
{
string strFile = "c:\\book.soap";
public void Serialize(Book book)
{
using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(strFile, FileMode.Create))
{
SoapFormatter formatter = new SoapFormatter();
formatter.Serialize(fs, book);
}
}
public Book DeSerialize()
{
Book book;
using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(strFile, FileMode.Open))
{
SoapFormatter formatter = new SoapFormatter();
book = (Book)formatter.Deserialize(fs);
}
return book;
}
}
}
主要就是调用System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Soap空间下的SoapFormatter类进行序列化和反序列化,使用之前需要应用System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Soap.dll(.net自带的)
序列化之后的文件是Soap格式的文件(简单对象访问协议(Simple Object Access Protocol,SOAP),是一种轻量的、简单的、基于XML的协议,它被设计成在WEB上交换结构化的和固化的信息。 SOAP 可以和现存的许多因特网协议和格式结合使用,包括超文本传输协议(HTTP),简单邮件传输协议(SMTP),多用途网际邮件扩充协议(MIME)。它还支持从消息系统到远程过程调用(RPC)等大量的应用程序。SOAP使用基于XML的数据结构和超文本传输协议(HTTP)的组合定义了一个标准的方法来使用Internet上各种不同操作环境中的分布式对象。)
调用反序列化之后的结果和方法一相同
XML序列化方式
调用序列化和反序列化的方法和上面比较类似,我就不列出来了,主要就看看XmlSerialize类
XmlSerialize类
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.IO;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
namespace SerializableTest
{
public class XmlSerialize
{
string strFile = "c:\\book.xml";
public void Serialize(Book book)
{
using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(strFile, FileMode.Create))
{
XmlSerializer formatter = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Book));
formatter.Serialize(fs, book);
}
}
public Book DeSerialize()
{
Book book;
using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(strFile, FileMode.Open))
{
XmlSerializer formatter = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Book));
book = (Book)formatter.Deserialize(fs);
}
return book;
}
}
}
从这三个测试类我们可以看出来其实三种方法的调用方式都差不多,只是具体使用的类不同
xml序列化之后的文件就是一般的一个xml文件:
book.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<Book xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
<strBookName>C#强化</strBookName>
<strBookPwd>*****</strBookPwd>
<alBookReader>
<anyType xsi:type="xsd:string">gspring</anyType>
<anyType xsi:type="xsd:string">永春</anyType>
</alBookReader>
<BookID>1</BookID>
</Book>输出截图如下:
也就是说采用xml序列化的方式只能保存public的字段和可读写的属性,对于private等类型的字段不能进行序列化
关于循环引用:
比如在上面的例子Book类中加入如下一个属性:
public Book relationBook;
在调用序列化时使用如下方法:
Book book = new Book();
book.BookID = "1";
book.alBookReader.Add("gspring");
book.alBookReader.Add("永春");
book.strBookName = "C#强化";
book.strBookPwd = "*****";
book.SetBookPrice("50.00");
Book book2 = new Book();
book2.BookID = "2";
book2.alBookReader.Add("gspring");
book2.alBookReader.Add("永春");
book2.strBookName = ".NET强化";
book2.strBookPwd = "*****";
book2.SetBookPrice("40.00");
book.relationBook = book2;
book2.relationBook = book;
BinarySerialize serialize = new BinarySerialize();
serialize.Serialize(book);这样就会出现循环引用的情况,对于BinarySerialize和SoapSerialize可以正常序列化(.NET内部进行处理了),对于XmlSerialize出现这种情况会报错:"序列化类型 SerializableTest.Book 的对象时检测到循环引用。"