题目
一、 设有一数据库，包括四个表：学生表（Student）、课程表（Course）、成绩表（Score）以及教师信息表（Teacher）。四个表的结构分别如表1-1的表（一）~表（四）所示，数据如表1-2的表（一）~表（四）所示。用SQL语句创建四个表并完成相关题目。
表1-1数据库的表结构
表（一）Student (学生use)
|
属性名 |
数据类型 |
可否为空 |
含 义 |
|
Sno |
varchar (20) |
否 |
学号（主码） |
|
Sname |
varchar (20) |
否 |
学生姓名 |
|
Ssex |
varchar (20) |
否 |
学生性别 |
|
Sbirthday |
Datetime |
可 |
学生出生年月 |
|
Class |
varchar (20) |
可 |
学生所在班级 |
表（二）Course（课程表）
|
属性名 |
数据类型 |
可否为空 |
含 义 |
|
Cno |
varchar (20) |
否 |
课程号（主码） |
|
Cname |
varchar (20) |
否 |
课程名称 |
|
Tno |
varchar (20) |
否 |
教工编号（外码） |
表（三）Score(成绩表)
|
属性名 |
数据类型 |
可否为空 |
含 义 |
|
Sno |
varchar (20) |
否 |
学号（外码） |
|
Cno |
varchar (20) |
否 |
课程号（外码） |
|
Degree |
Decimal(4,1)
|
可 |
成绩 |
|
主码：Sno+ Cno |
|||
表（四）Teacher(教师表)
|
属性名 |
数据类型 |
可否为空 |
含 义 |
|
Tno |
varchar (20) |
否 |
教工编号（主码） |
|
Tname |
varchar (20) |
否 |
教工姓名 |
|
Tsex |
varchar (20) |
否 |
教工性别 |
|
Tbirthday |
datetime |
可 |
教工出生年月 |
|
Prof |
varchar (20) |
可 |
职称 |
|
Depart |
varchar (20) |
否 |
教工所在部门 |
表1-2数据库中的数据
表（一）Student
|
Sno |
Sname |
Ssex |
Sbirthday |
class |
|
108 |
曾华 |
男 |
1977-09-01 |
95033 |
|
105 |
匡明 |
男 |
1975-10-02 |
95031 |
|
107 |
王丽 |
女 |
1976-01-23 |
95033 |
|
101 |
李军 |
男 |
1976-02-20 |
95033 |
|
109 |
王芳 |
女 |
1975-02-10 |
95031 |
|
103 |
陆君 |
男 |
1974-06-03 |
95031 |
表（二）Course
|
Cno |
Cname |
Tno |
|
3-105 |
计算机导论 |
825 |
|
3-245 |
操作系统 |
804 |
|
6-166 |
数字电路 |
856 |
|
9-888 |
高等数学 |
831 |
表（三）Score
|
Sno |
Cno |
Degree |
|
103 |
3-245 |
86 |
|
105 |
3-245 |
75 |
|
109 |
3-245 |
68 |
|
103 |
3-105 |
92 |
|
105 |
3-105 |
88 |
|
109 |
3-105 |
76 |
|
101 |
3-105 |
64 |
|
107 |
3-105 |
91 |
|
108 |
3-105 |
78 |
|
101 |
6-166 |
85 |
|
107 |
6-166 |
79 |
|
108 |
6-166 |
81 |
表（四）Teacher
|
Tno |
Tname |
Tsex |
Tbirthday |
Prof |
Depart |
|
804 |
李诚 |
男 |
1958-12-02 |
副教授 |
计算机系 |
|
856 |
张旭 |
男 |
1969-03-12 |
讲师 |
电子工程系 |
|
825 |
王萍 |
女 |
1972-05-05 |
助教 |
计算机系 |
|
831 |
刘冰 |
女 |
1977-08-14 |
助教 |
电子工程系 |
数据库练习题目
1、 查询Student表中的所有记录的Sname、Ssex和Class列。
2、 查询教师所有的单位即不重复的Depart列。
3、 查询Student表的所有记录。
4、 查询Score表中成绩在60到80之间的所有记录。
5、 查询Score表中成绩为85，86或88的记录。
6、 查询Student表中“95031”班或性别为“女”的同学记录。
以Class降序查询Student表的所有记录。
以Cno升序、Degree降序查询Score表的所有记录。
查询“95031”班的学生人数。
10、 查询Score表中的最高分的学生学号和课程号。（子查询或者排序）
查询每门课的平均成绩。
12、查询Score表中至少有5名学生选修的并以3开头的课程的平均分数。
查询分数大于70，小于90的Sno列。
查询所有学生的Sname、Cno和Degree列。
15、查询所有学生的Sno、Cname和Degree列。
16、查询所有学生的Sname、Cname和Degree列。
17、 查询“95033”班学生的平均分。
查询选修“3-105”课程的成绩高于“109”号同学成绩的所有同学的记录。
20、查询score中选学多门课程的同学中分数为非最高分成绩的记录。
21、 查询成绩高于学号为“109”、课程号为“3-105”的成绩的所有记录。
22、查询和学号为108的同学同年出生的所有学生的Sno、Sname和Sbirthday列。
23、查询“张旭“教师任课的学生成绩（姓名）。
1、从成绩表 查询学生成绩
2、条件是这个课程是 “张旭“教师任课
思路：A)从老师表 中查名字叫 张旭 编号
B)根据老师编号 在课程表中找到对应的 课程号
查询考计算机导论的学生成绩
查询李诚老师教的课程名称
教高等数学的老师是哪个系的
24、查询选修某课程的同学人数多于5人的教师姓名。
25、查询95033班和95031班全体学生的记录。
26、 查询存在有85分以上成绩的课程Cno.
27、查询出“计算机系“教师所教课程的成绩表。
29、查询选修编号为“3-105“课程且成绩至少高于选修编号为“3-245”的同学 的Cno、Sno和Degree,并按Degree从高到低次序排序。
30、查询选修编号为“3-105”且成绩高于选修编号为“3-245”课程的同学的 Cno、Sno和Degree.
31、 查询所有教师和同学的name、sex和birthday.
32、查询所有“女”教师和“女”同学的name、sex和birthday.
33、 查询成绩比该课程平均成绩低的同学的成绩表。
34、 查询所有任课教师的Tname和Depart.
35、查询所有未讲课的教师的Tname和Depart.
36、查询至少有2名男生的班号。
37、查询Student表中不姓“王”的同学记录。
38、查询Student表中每个学生的姓名和年龄。
39、查询Student表中最大和最小的Sbirthday日期值。
40、以班号和年龄从大到小的顺序查询Student表中的全部记录。
41、查询“男”教师及其所上的课程。
42、查询最高分同学的Sno、Cno和Degree列。
43、查询和“李军”同性别的所有同学的Sname.
44、查询和“李军”同性别并同班的同学Sname.
45、查询所有选修“计算机导论”课程的“男”同学的成绩表。
建表答案：
-- 学生表 CREATE TABLE student( sno VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, sname VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL, ssex VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL, sbirthday DATE, class VARCHAR(20) ) -- 教师表 CREATE TABLE teacher( tno VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, tname VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL, tsex VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL, tbirthday DATE, prof VARCHAR(20), depart VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL ) -- 课程表 CREATE TABLE course( cno VARCHAR(20) PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL , cname VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL, tno VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL , CONSTRAINT course_teacher_fk FOREIGN KEY(tno) REFERENCES teacher(tno) ) -- 成绩表 CREATE TABLE score( sno VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL, CONSTRAINT score_student_fk FOREIGN KEY(sno) REFERENCES student(sno), cno VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL , CONSTRAINT score_course_fk FOREIGN KEY(cno) REFERENCES course(cno), degree DECIMAL(4,1) ) -- student INSERT INTO student VALUES('108','曾华','男','19770901','95033'); INSERT INTO student VALUES('105','匡明','男','19751002','95031'); INSERT INTO student VALUES('107','王丽','女','19760123','95033'); INSERT INTO student VALUES('101','李军','男','19760220','95033'); INSERT INTO student VALUES('109','王芳','女','19750210','95031'); INSERT INTO student VALUES('103','陆君','男','19740603','95031'); SELECT * FROM student; -- teacher INSERT INTO teacher VALUES('804','李诚','男','19581202','副教授','计算机系'); INSERT INTO teacher VALUES('856','张旭','男','19690312','讲师','电子工程系'); INSERT INTO teacher VALUES('825','王萍','女','19720505','助教','计算机系'); INSERT INTO teacher VALUES('831','刘冰','女','19770814','助教','电子工程系'); SELECT * FROM teacher; -- course INSERT INTO course VALUES('3-105','计算机导论','825'); INSERT INTO course VALUES('3-245','操作系统','804'); INSERT INTO course VALUES('6-166','数字电路','856'); INSERT INTO course VALUES('9-888','高等数学','831'); DELETE FROM student; DELETE FROM teacher; DELETE FROM course; DELETE FROM score; SELECT * FROM course; -- score INSERT INTO score VALUES('103','3-245',86); INSERT INTO score VALUES('105','3-245',75); INSERT INTO score VALUES('109','3-245',68); INSERT INTO score VALUES('103','3-105',92); INSERT INTO score VALUES('105','3-105',88); INSERT INTO score VALUES('109','3-105',76); INSERT INTO score VALUES('101','3-105',64); INSERT INTO score VALUES('107','3-105',91); INSERT INTO score VALUES('108','3-105',78); INSERT INTO score VALUES('101','6-166',85); INSERT INTO score VALUES('107','6-166',79); INSERT INTO score VALUES('108','6-166',81); SELECT * FROM score;
题目练习答案：
-- 1 SELECT sname,ssex,class FROM student ; -- 2 SELECT DISTINCT depart FROM teacher; -- 3 SELECT * FROM student; -- 4 SELECT * FROM score WHERE degree BETWEEN 60 AND 80; -- 5 SELECT * FROM score WHERE degree IN( 85,86,88); -- 6 SELECT * FROM student WHERE class='95031' OR ssex='女'; -- 7 SELECT * FROM student ORDER BY class DESC ; -- 8 SELECT * FROM score ORDER BY cno ASC,degree DESC; -- 9 SELECT COUNT(*)AS 学生人数 FROM student WHERE class='95031'; -- 10 SELECT sno AS 学生学号 ,cno AS 课程号 FROM score WHERE degree =(SELECT MAX(degree) FROM score); -- 11 SELECT cno,AVG(degree) AS 平均成绩 FROM score GROUP BY cno; -- 12 SELECT cno,AVG(degree) AS 平均分数 FROM score WHERE cno LIKE '3%' GROUP BY cno HAVING COUNT(cno)>=5 ; -- 13 SELECT sno FROM score WHERE degree BETWEEN 70 AND 90; -- 14 SELECT sname,cno,degree FROM score JOIN student ON student.`sno`=score.`sno`; -- 15 SELECT sno,cname,degree FROM score JOIN course ON score.`cno`= course.`cno`; -- 16 SELECT sname,cname,degree FROM score JOIN student ON student.`sno`=score.`sno` JOIN course ON score.`cno`= course.`cno`; -- 17 SELECT AVG(degree) AS 平均分 FROM score WHERE sno IN(SELECT sno FROM student WHERE class='95033'); -- 18 SELECT * FROM student JOIN score ON student.`sno`= score.`sno` WHERE cno ='3-105' AND degree>(SELECT degree FROM score WHERE sno ='109' AND cno='3-105'); -- 20 -- 第一种 SELECT * FROM score a WHERE sno IN(SELECT sno FROM score GROUP BY sno HAVING COUNT(sno)>1 ) AND degree not in (SELECT MAX(degree) FROM score b where a.`cno`=b.`cno` ); -- 第二种 SELECT * FROM score a WHERE sno IN(SELECT sno FROM score GROUP BY sno HAVING COUNT(sno)>1 ) and degree NOT IN (SELECT MAX(degree) FROM score where sno in(SELECT sno FROM score GROUP BY sno HAVING COUNT(sno)>1) -- 21 SELECT * FROM student JOIN score ON student.`sno`= score.`sno` WHERE cno ='3-105' AND degree>(SELECT degree FROM score WHERE sno ='109'AND cno ='3-105'); -- 22 SELECT sno,sname,sbirthday FROM student WHERE LEFT(sbirthday,4) = (SELECT LEFT(sbirthday,4) FROM student WHERE sno ='108'); -- 23 SELECT sname AS 姓名,degree AS 学生成绩 FROM student JOIN score ON student.`sno`= score.`sno` WHERE cno=( SELECT cno FROM course JOIN teacher ON course.`tno`= teacher.`tno` WHERE tname ='张旭') -- 23.1 SELECT sname AS 姓名,degree AS 学生成绩 FROM student JOIN score ON student.`sno`= score.`sno` WHERE cno =(SELECT cno FROM course WHERE cname ='计算机导论'); -- 23.2 SELECT cname AS 课程名称 FROM course JOIN teacher ON course.`tno`=teacher.`tno` WHERE tname ='李诚'; -- 23.3 SELECT depart FROM teacher WHERE tno=(SELECT tno FROM course WHERE cname ='高等数学'); -- 24 SELECT tname AS 教师姓名 FROM teacher JOIN course ON teacher.`tno`=course.`tno` WHERE cno =(SELECT cno FROM score GROUP BY cno HAVING COUNT(cno)>5); -- 25 SELECT score.sno,sname,ssex,sbirthday,class,score.cno,degree,cname,tname FROM student JOIN score ON student.`sno`=score.`sno` JOIN course ON score.`cno` =course.`cno` JOIN teacher ON course.`tno`=teacher.`tno` WHERE class ='95033'OR class ='95031'; -- 26 SELECT DISTINCT (score.`cno`) FROM course JOIN score ON score.`cno` =course.`cno` WHERE degree >85 -- 27 SELECT score.* FROM score JOIN course ON score.`cno` =course.`cno` JOIN teacher ON course.`tno`=teacher.`tno` WHERE depart = '计算机系' -- 28 -- 29 SELECT cno,sno,degree FROM score WHERE cno ='3-105' AND degree>ANY(SELECT degree FROM score WHERE cno='3-245') ORDER BY degree DESC; -- 30 SELECT cno,sno,degree FROM score WHERE cno ='3-105' AND degree>ALL(SELECT degree FROM score WHERE cno='3-245') -- 31 SELECT sname AS NAME,ssex AS sex,sbirthday AS birthday FROM student UNION SELECT tname,tsex,tbirthday FROM teacher -- 32 SELECT sname AS NAME,ssex AS sex,sbirthday AS birthday FROM student WHERE ssex='女' UNION SELECT tname,tsex,tbirthday FROM teacher WHERE tsex='女' -- 33 -- 方法一 SELECT * FROM score WHERE cno='3-105' AND degree <(SELECT AVG(degree)FROM score GROUP BY cno HAVING cno='3-105') OR cno='3-245' AND degree <(SELECT AVG(degree)FROM score GROUP BY cno HAVING cno='3-245') OR cno='6-166' AND degree <(SELECT AVG(degree)FROM score GROUP BY cno HAVING cno='6-166') -- 方法二 select * from score a where degree<(SELECT AVG(degree)FROM score b where a.cno=b.cno); -- 34 SELECT tname,depart FROM teacher WHERE tno IN(SELECT DISTINCT (course.tno) FROM score JOIN course ON score.`cno`=course.`cno` ); -- 35 SELECT tname,depart FROM teacher WHERE tno NOT IN(SELECT DISTINCT (course.tno) FROM score JOIN course ON score.`cno`=course.`cno` ); -- 36 SELECT class AS 班号 FROM student WHERE ssex ='男'GROUP BY class HAVING COUNT(*)>=2 -- 37 SELECT * FROM student WHERE sname NOT LIKE '王%' -- 38 SELECT sname AS 姓名,YEAR(NOW())-YEAR(sbirthday) AS 年龄 FROM student -- 39 SELECT MAX(sbirthday),MIN(sbirthday) FROM student; -- 40 SELECT * FROM student ORDER BY class DESC,sbirthday ; -- 41 SELECT tname AS 教师名,cname AS 课程名 FROM teacher JOIN course ON teacher.`tno`=course.`tno` WHERE tsex ='男' -- 42 SELECT sno,cno,degree FROM score WHERE degree=(SELECT MAX(degree) FROM score ) -- 43 SELECT sname FROM student WHERE ssex= (SELECT ssex FROM student WHERE sname ='李军') AND sname NOT IN('李军') -- 44 SELECT sname FROM student WHERE ssex= (SELECT ssex FROM student WHERE sname ='李军') AND sname NOT IN('李军') AND class=(SELECT class FROM student WHERE sname ='李军') -- 45 SELECT *FROM score WHERE cno =(SELECT cno FROM course WHERE cname ='计算机导论') AND sno IN(SELECT sno FROM student WHERE ssex ='男')