概述
SpringMVC的处理器拦截器类似于Servlet开发中的过滤器Filter,用于对处理器进行预处理和后处理。开发者可以自定义一些拦截器来实现特点的功能。
过滤器与拦截器的区别:拦截器是AOP思想的具体应用。
过滤器
- servlet规范中的一部分,任何java web工程都可以使用
- 在url-pattern中配置了/*之后,可以对所有要访问的资源进行拦截
拦截器
- 拦截是SpringMVC框架自己的,只要使用SpringMVC框架的工程才能使用
- 拦截器只会拦截访问的控制方法,如果访问的是jsp/html/css/image/js是不会进行拦截的
自定义拦截器
想要自定义拦截器,必须实现HandlerInterceptor接口
1、新建一个Moudule ,Sprringmvc-07-Interceptor,添加web支持
2、配置 web.xml 和 springmvc-servlet.xml 文件
3、编写一个拦截器
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!--1.注册servlet-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!--通过初始化参数指定SpringMVC配置文件的位置,进行关联-->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- 启动顺序,数字越小,启动越早 -->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<!--所有请求都会被springmvc拦截 -->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!--解决中文乱码问题-->
<filter>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
springmvc-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- 自动扫描指定的包,下面所有注解类交给IOC容器管理 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.min.controller"/>
<!--注册静态资源-->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler />
<!--注解驱动-->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 解决JSON乱码问题 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven>
<mvc:message-converters register-defaults="true">
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
<constructor-arg value="UTF-8"/>
</bean>
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
<property name="objectMapper">
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.Jackson2ObjectMapperFactoryBean">
<property name="failOnEmptyBeans" value="false"/>
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
</mvc:message-converters>
</mvc:annotation-driven>
<!-- 视图解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
id="internalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 前缀 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
<!-- 后缀 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
<!--拦截器配置-->
<mvc:interceptors>
<mvc:interceptor>
<!--包括这个请求下面的所有请求-->
<mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
<bean class="com.min.config.MyInterceptor"/>
</mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>
</beans>
MyInterceptor.java
package com.min.config;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class MyInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
// return true; 放行会执行下一个拦截器, 放行
//return false; 不执行下一个拦截器
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
System.out.println("============处理前============");
return true;
}
/**
//日志
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
System.out.println("============处理后============");
}
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
System.out.println("============清理============");
}
*/
}
TestController.java
package com.min.controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class TestController {
@GetMapping("/t1")
public String test() {
System.out.println("TestController=>test()执行了");
return "ok";
}
}