zsh比bash好用且强大多了！特别是他的自动补全功能还有自定义功能,还有自动纠错能力，命令颜色高亮等！刚接触，网上搜集了一些配置文件，分享给大家
1.安装方法：
sudo apt-fast install zsh
2.配置方法：
把下面的内容保存到记事本里面，文件名为“.zshrc”，将这个文件保存在用户目录下
3.把zsh设为默认shell(重启后生效)
chsh -s /bin/zsh
4.详细的zsh配置
#color{{{
autoload colors
colors
for color in RED GREEN YELLOW BLUE MAGENTA CYAN WHITE; do
eval _$color='%{$terminfo[bold]$fg[${(L)color}]%}'
eval $color='%{$fg[${(L)color}]%}'
(( count = $count + 1 ))
done
FINISH="%{$terminfo[sgr0]%}"
#}}}
#命令提示符
RPROMPT=$(echo "$RED%D %T$FINISH")
PROMPT=$(echo "$CYAN%n@$YELLOW%M:$GREEN%/$_YELLOW>$FINISH ")
#PROMPT=$(echo "$BLUE%M$GREEN%/
#$CYAN%n@$BLUE%M:$GREEN%/$_YELLOW>>>$FINISH ")
#标题栏、任务栏样式{{{
case $TERM in (*xterm*|*rxvt*|(dt|k|E)term)
precmd () { print -Pn "\e]0;%n@%M//%/\a" }
preexec () { print -Pn "\e]0;%n@%M//%/\ $1\a" }
;;
esac
#}}}
#编辑器
export EDITOR=vim
#输入法
export XMODIFIERS="@im=ibus"
export QT_MODULE=ibus
export GTK_MODULE=ibus
#关于历史纪录的配置 {{{
#历史纪录条目数量
export HISTSIZE=10000
#注销后保存的历史纪录条目数量
export SAVEHIST=10000
#历史纪录文件
export HISTFILE=~/.zhistory
#以附加的方式写入历史纪录
setopt INC_APPEND_HISTORY
#如果连续输入的命令相同，历史纪录中只保留一个
setopt HIST_IGNORE_DUPS
#为历史纪录中的命令添加时间戳
setopt EXTENDED_HISTORY
#启用 cd 命令的历史纪录，cd -[TAB]进入历史路径
setopt AUTO_PUSHD
#相同的历史路径只保留一个
setopt PUSHD_IGNORE_DUPS
#在命令前添加空格，不将此命令添加到纪录文件中
#setopt HIST_IGNORE_SPACE
#}}}
#每个目录使用独立的历史纪录{{{
cd() {
builtin cd "$@" # do actual cd
fc -W # write current history file
local HISTDIR="$HOME/.zsh_history$PWD" # use nested folders for history
if [ ! -d "$HISTDIR" ] ; then # create folder if needed
mkdir -p "$HISTDIR"
fi
export HISTFILE="$HISTDIR/zhistory" # set new history file
touch $HISTFILE
local ohistsize=$HISTSIZE
HISTSIZE=0 # Discard previous dir's history
HISTSIZE=$ohistsize # Prepare for new dir's history
fc -R #read from current histfile
}
mkdir -p $HOME/.zsh_history$PWD
export HISTFILE="$HOME/.zsh_history$PWD/zhistory"
function allhistory { cat $(find $HOME/.zsh_history -name zhistory) }
function convhistory {
sort $1 | uniq |
sed 's/^:\([ 0-9]*\):[0-9]*;\(.*\)/\1::::::\2/' |
awk -F"::::::" '{ $1=strftime("%Y-%m-%d %T",$1) "|"; print }'
}
#使用 histall 命令查看全部历史纪录
function histall { convhistory =(allhistory) |
sed '/^.\{20\} *cd/i\\' }
#使用 hist 查看当前目录历史纪录
function hist { convhistory $HISTFILE }
#全部历史纪录 top50
function top50 { allhistory | awk -F':[ 0-9]*:[0-9]*;' '{ $1="" ; print }' | sed 's/ /\n/g' | sed '/^$/d' | sort | uniq -c | sort -nr | head -n 50 }
#}}}
#杂项 {{{
#允许在交互模式中使用注释 例如：
#cmd #这是注释
setopt INTERACTIVE_COMMENTS
#启用自动 cd，输入目录名回车进入目录
#稍微有点混乱，不如 cd 补全实用
setopt AUTO_CD
#扩展路径
#/v/c/p/p => /var/cache/pacman/pkg
setopt complete_in_word
#禁用 core dumps
limit coredumpsize 0
#Emacs风格 键绑定
bindkey -e
#bindkey -v
#设置 [DEL]键 为向后删除
#bindkey "\e[3~" delete-char
#以下字符视为单词的一部分
WORDCHARS='*?_-[]~=&;!#$%^(){}<>'
#}}}
#自动补全功能 {{{
setopt AUTO_LIST
setopt AUTO_MENU
#开启此选项，补全时会直接选中菜单项
#setopt MENU_COMPLETE
autoload -U compinit
compinit
#自动补全缓存
#zstyle ':completion::complete:*' use-cache on
#zstyle ':completion::complete:*' cache-path .zcache
#zstyle ':completion:*:cd:*' ignore-parents parent pwd
#自动补全选项
zstyle ':completion:*' verbose yes
zstyle ':completion:*' menu select
zstyle ':completion:*:*:default' force-list always
zstyle ':completion:*' select-prompt '%SSelect: lines: %L matches: %M [%p]'
zstyle ':completion:*:match:*' original only
zstyle ':completion::prefix-1:*' completer _complete
zstyle ':completion:predict:*' completer _complete
zstyle ':completion:incremental:*' completer _complete _correct
zstyle ':completion:*' completer _complete _prefix _correct _prefix _match _approximate
#路径补全
zstyle ':completion:*' expand 'yes'
zstyle ':completion:*' squeeze-shlashes 'yes'
zstyle ':completion::complete:*' '\\'
#彩色补全菜单
eval $(dircolors -b)
export ZLSCOLORS="${LS_COLORS}"
zmodload zsh/complist
zstyle ':completion:*' list-colors ${(s.:.)LS_COLORS}
zstyle ':completion:*:*:kill:*:processes' list-colors '=(#b) #([0-9]#)*=0=01;31'
#修正大小写
zstyle ':completion:*' matcher-list '' 'm:{a-zA-Z}={A-Za-z}'
#错误校正
zstyle ':completion:*' completer _complete _match _approximate
zstyle ':completion:*:match:*' original only
zstyle ':completion:*:approximate:*' max-errors 1 numeric
#kill 命令补全
compdef pkill=kill
compdef pkill=killall
zstyle ':completion:*:*:kill:*' menu yes select
zstyle ':completion:*:*:*:*:processes' force-list always
zstyle ':completion:*:processes' command 'ps -au$USER'
#补全类型提示分组
zstyle ':completion:*:matches' group 'yes'
zstyle ':completion:*' group-name ''
zstyle ':completion:*:options' description 'yes'
zstyle ':completion:*:options' auto-description '%d'
zstyle ':completion:*:descriptions' format $'\e[01;33m -- %d --\e[0m'
zstyle ':completion:*:messages' format $'\e[01;35m -- %d --\e[0m'
zstyle ':completion:*:warnings' format $'\e[01;31m -- No Matches Found --\e[0m'
zstyle ':completion:*:corrections' format $'\e[01;32m -- %d (errors: %e) --\e[0m'
# cd ~ 补全顺序
zstyle ':completion:*:-tilde-:*' group-order 'named-directories' 'path-directories' 'users' 'expand'
#}}}
##行编辑高亮模式 {{{
# Ctrl+@ 设置标记，标记和光标点之间为 region
zle_highlight=(region:bg=magenta #选中区域
special:bold #特殊字符
isearch:underline)#搜索时使用的关键字
#}}}
##空行(光标在行首)补全 "cd " {{{
user-complete(){
case $BUFFER in
"" ) # 空行填入 "cd "
BUFFER="cd "
zle end-of-line
zle expand-or-complete
;;
"cd --" ) # "cd --" 替换为 "cd +"
BUFFER="cd +"
zle end-of-line
zle expand-or-complete
;;
"cd +-" ) # "cd +-" 替换为 "cd -"
BUFFER="cd -"
zle end-of-line
zle expand-or-complete
;;
* )
zle expand-or-complete
;;
esac
}
zle -N user-complete
bindkey "\t" user-complete
#}}}
##在命令前插入 sudo {{{
#定义功能
sudo-command-line() {
[[ -z $BUFFER ]] && zle up-history
[[ $BUFFER != sudo\ * ]] && BUFFER="sudo $BUFFER"
zle end-of-line #光标移动到行末
}
zle -N sudo-command-line
#定义快捷键为： [Esc] [Esc]
bindkey "\e\e" sudo-command-line
#}}}
#命令别名 {{{
alias cp='cp -i'
alias mv='mv -i'
alias rm='rm -i'
alias ls='ls -F --color=auto'
alias ll='ls -al'
alias grep='grep --color=auto'
alias la='ls -a'
alias pacman='sudo pacman-color'
alias p='sudo pacman-color'
alias y='yaourt'
alias h='htop'
alias vim='sudo vim'
#[Esc][h] man 当前命令时，显示简短说明
alias run-help >&/dev/null && unalias run-help
autoload run-help
#历史命令 top10
alias top10='print -l ${(o)history%% *} | uniq -c | sort -nr | head -n 10'
#}}}
#路径别名 {{{
#进入相应的路径时只要 cd ~xxx
hash -d A="/media/ayu/dearest"
hash -d H="/media/data/backup/ayu"
hash -d E="/etc/"
hash -d D="/home/ayumi/Documents"
#}}}
##for Emacs {{{
#在 Emacs终端 中使用 Zsh 的一些设置 不推荐在 Emacs 中使用它
#if [[ "$TERM" == "dumb" ]]; then
#setopt No_zle
#PROMPT='%n@%M %/
#>>'
#alias ls='ls -F'
#fi
#}}}
#{{{自定义补全
#补全 ping
zstyle ':completion:*:ping:*' hosts 192.168.1.{1,50,51,100,101} www.google.com
#补全 ssh scp sftp 等
#zstyle -e ':completion::*:*:*:hosts' hosts 'reply=(${=${${(f)"$(cat {/etc/ssh_,~/.ssh/known_}hosts(|2)(N) /dev/null)"}%%[# ]*}//,/ })'
#}}}
#{{{ F1 计算器
arith-eval-echo() {
LBUFFER="${LBUFFER}echo \$(( "
RBUFFER=" ))$RBUFFER"
}
zle -N arith-eval-echo
bindkey "^[[11~" arith-eval-echo
#}}}
####{{{
function timeconv { date -d @$1 +"%Y-%m-%d %T" }
# }}}
zmodload zsh/mathfunc
autoload -U zsh-mime-setup
zsh-mime-setup
setopt EXTENDED_GLOB
#autoload -U promptinit
#promptinit
#prompt redhat
setopt correctall
autoload compinstall
#漂亮又实用的命令高亮界面
setopt extended_glob
TOKENS_FOLLOWED_BY_COMMANDS=('|' '||' ';' '&' '&&' 'sudo' 'do' 'time' 'strace')
recolor-cmd() {
region_highlight=()
colorize=true
start_pos=0
for arg in ${(z)BUFFER}; do
((start_pos+=${#BUFFER[$start_pos+1,-1]}-${#${BUFFER[$start_pos+1,-1]## #}}))
((end_pos=$start_pos+${#arg}))
if $colorize; then
colorize=false
res=$(LC_ALL=C builtin type $arg 2>/dev/null)
case $res in
*'reserved word'*) style="fg=magenta,bold";;
*'alias for'*) style="fg=cyan,bold";;
*'shell builtin'*) style="fg=yellow,bold";;
*'shell function'*) style='fg=green,bold';;
*"$arg is"*)
[[ $arg = 'sudo' ]] && style="fg=red,bold" || style="fg=blue,bold";;
*) style='none,bold';;
esac
region_highlight+=("$start_pos $end_pos $style")
fi
[[ ${${TOKENS_FOLLOWED_BY_COMMANDS[(r)${arg//|/\|}]}:+yes} = 'yes' ]] && colorize=true
start_pos=$end_pos
done
}
check-cmd-self-insert() { zle .self-insert && recolor-cmd }
check-cmd-backward-delete-char() { zle .backward-delete-char && recolor-cmd }
zle -N self-insert check-cmd-self-insert
zle -N backward-delete-char check-cmd-backward-delete-char
autoload colors
colors
for color in RED GREEN YELLOW BLUE MAGENTA CYAN WHITE; do
eval _$color='%{$terminfo[bold]$fg[${(L)color}]%}'
eval $color='%{$fg[${(L)color}]%}'
(( count = $count + 1 ))
done
FINISH="%{$terminfo[sgr0]%}"
#}}}
#命令提示符
RPROMPT=$(echo "$RED%D %T$FINISH")
PROMPT=$(echo "$CYAN%n@$YELLOW%M:$GREEN%/$_YELLOW>$FINISH ")
#PROMPT=$(echo "$BLUE%M$GREEN%/
#$CYAN%n@$BLUE%M:$GREEN%/$_YELLOW>>>$FINISH ")
#标题栏、任务栏样式{{{
case $TERM in (*xterm*|*rxvt*|(dt|k|E)term)
precmd () { print -Pn "\e]0;%n@%M//%/\a" }
preexec () { print -Pn "\e]0;%n@%M//%/\ $1\a" }
;;
esac
#}}}
#编辑器
export EDITOR=vim
#输入法
export XMODIFIERS="@im=ibus"
export QT_MODULE=ibus
export GTK_MODULE=ibus
#关于历史纪录的配置 {{{
#历史纪录条目数量
export HISTSIZE=10000
#注销后保存的历史纪录条目数量
export SAVEHIST=10000
#历史纪录文件
export HISTFILE=~/.zhistory
#以附加的方式写入历史纪录
setopt INC_APPEND_HISTORY
#如果连续输入的命令相同，历史纪录中只保留一个
setopt HIST_IGNORE_DUPS
#为历史纪录中的命令添加时间戳
setopt EXTENDED_HISTORY
#启用 cd 命令的历史纪录，cd -[TAB]进入历史路径
setopt AUTO_PUSHD
#相同的历史路径只保留一个
setopt PUSHD_IGNORE_DUPS
#在命令前添加空格，不将此命令添加到纪录文件中
#setopt HIST_IGNORE_SPACE
#}}}
#每个目录使用独立的历史纪录{{{
cd() {
builtin cd "$@" # do actual cd
fc -W # write current history file
local HISTDIR="$HOME/.zsh_history$PWD" # use nested folders for history
if [ ! -d "$HISTDIR" ] ; then # create folder if needed
mkdir -p "$HISTDIR"
fi
export HISTFILE="$HISTDIR/zhistory" # set new history file
touch $HISTFILE
local ohistsize=$HISTSIZE
HISTSIZE=0 # Discard previous dir's history
HISTSIZE=$ohistsize # Prepare for new dir's history
fc -R #read from current histfile
}
mkdir -p $HOME/.zsh_history$PWD
export HISTFILE="$HOME/.zsh_history$PWD/zhistory"
function allhistory { cat $(find $HOME/.zsh_history -name zhistory) }
function convhistory {
sort $1 | uniq |
sed 's/^:\([ 0-9]*\):[0-9]*;\(.*\)/\1::::::\2/' |
awk -F"::::::" '{ $1=strftime("%Y-%m-%d %T",$1) "|"; print }'
}
#使用 histall 命令查看全部历史纪录
function histall { convhistory =(allhistory) |
sed '/^.\{20\} *cd/i\\' }
#使用 hist 查看当前目录历史纪录
function hist { convhistory $HISTFILE }
#全部历史纪录 top50
function top50 { allhistory | awk -F':[ 0-9]*:[0-9]*;' '{ $1="" ; print }' | sed 's/ /\n/g' | sed '/^$/d' | sort | uniq -c | sort -nr | head -n 50 }
#}}}
#杂项 {{{
#允许在交互模式中使用注释 例如：
#cmd #这是注释
setopt INTERACTIVE_COMMENTS
#启用自动 cd，输入目录名回车进入目录
#稍微有点混乱，不如 cd 补全实用
setopt AUTO_CD
#扩展路径
#/v/c/p/p => /var/cache/pacman/pkg
setopt complete_in_word
#禁用 core dumps
limit coredumpsize 0
#Emacs风格 键绑定
bindkey -e
#bindkey -v
#设置 [DEL]键 为向后删除
#bindkey "\e[3~" delete-char
#以下字符视为单词的一部分
WORDCHARS='*?_-[]~=&;!#$%^(){}<>'
#}}}
#自动补全功能 {{{
setopt AUTO_LIST
setopt AUTO_MENU
#开启此选项，补全时会直接选中菜单项
#setopt MENU_COMPLETE
autoload -U compinit
compinit
#自动补全缓存
#zstyle ':completion::complete:*' use-cache on
#zstyle ':completion::complete:*' cache-path .zcache
#zstyle ':completion:*:cd:*' ignore-parents parent pwd
#自动补全选项
zstyle ':completion:*' verbose yes
zstyle ':completion:*' menu select
zstyle ':completion:*:*:default' force-list always
zstyle ':completion:*' select-prompt '%SSelect: lines: %L matches: %M [%p]'
zstyle ':completion:*:match:*' original only
zstyle ':completion::prefix-1:*' completer _complete
zstyle ':completion:predict:*' completer _complete
zstyle ':completion:incremental:*' completer _complete _correct
zstyle ':completion:*' completer _complete _prefix _correct _prefix _match _approximate
#路径补全
zstyle ':completion:*' expand 'yes'
zstyle ':completion:*' squeeze-shlashes 'yes'
zstyle ':completion::complete:*' '\\'
#彩色补全菜单
eval $(dircolors -b)
export ZLSCOLORS="${LS_COLORS}"
zmodload zsh/complist
zstyle ':completion:*' list-colors ${(s.:.)LS_COLORS}
zstyle ':completion:*:*:kill:*:processes' list-colors '=(#b) #([0-9]#)*=0=01;31'
#修正大小写
zstyle ':completion:*' matcher-list '' 'm:{a-zA-Z}={A-Za-z}'
#错误校正
zstyle ':completion:*' completer _complete _match _approximate
zstyle ':completion:*:match:*' original only
zstyle ':completion:*:approximate:*' max-errors 1 numeric
#kill 命令补全
compdef pkill=kill
compdef pkill=killall
zstyle ':completion:*:*:kill:*' menu yes select
zstyle ':completion:*:*:*:*:processes' force-list always
zstyle ':completion:*:processes' command 'ps -au$USER'
#补全类型提示分组
zstyle ':completion:*:matches' group 'yes'
zstyle ':completion:*' group-name ''
zstyle ':completion:*:options' description 'yes'
zstyle ':completion:*:options' auto-description '%d'
zstyle ':completion:*:descriptions' format $'\e[01;33m -- %d --\e[0m'
zstyle ':completion:*:messages' format $'\e[01;35m -- %d --\e[0m'
zstyle ':completion:*:warnings' format $'\e[01;31m -- No Matches Found --\e[0m'
zstyle ':completion:*:corrections' format $'\e[01;32m -- %d (errors: %e) --\e[0m'
# cd ~ 补全顺序
zstyle ':completion:*:-tilde-:*' group-order 'named-directories' 'path-directories' 'users' 'expand'
#}}}
##行编辑高亮模式 {{{
# Ctrl+@ 设置标记，标记和光标点之间为 region
zle_highlight=(region:bg=magenta #选中区域
special:bold #特殊字符
isearch:underline)#搜索时使用的关键字
#}}}
##空行(光标在行首)补全 "cd " {{{
user-complete(){
case $BUFFER in
"" ) # 空行填入 "cd "
BUFFER="cd "
zle end-of-line
zle expand-or-complete
;;
"cd --" ) # "cd --" 替换为 "cd +"
BUFFER="cd +"
zle end-of-line
zle expand-or-complete
;;
"cd +-" ) # "cd +-" 替换为 "cd -"
BUFFER="cd -"
zle end-of-line
zle expand-or-complete
;;
* )
zle expand-or-complete
;;
esac
}
zle -N user-complete
bindkey "\t" user-complete
#}}}
##在命令前插入 sudo {{{
#定义功能
sudo-command-line() {
[[ -z $BUFFER ]] && zle up-history
[[ $BUFFER != sudo\ * ]] && BUFFER="sudo $BUFFER"
zle end-of-line #光标移动到行末
}
zle -N sudo-command-line
#定义快捷键为： [Esc] [Esc]
bindkey "\e\e" sudo-command-line
#}}}
#命令别名 {{{
alias cp='cp -i'
alias mv='mv -i'
alias rm='rm -i'
alias ls='ls -F --color=auto'
alias ll='ls -al'
alias grep='grep --color=auto'
alias la='ls -a'
alias pacman='sudo pacman-color'
alias p='sudo pacman-color'
alias y='yaourt'
alias h='htop'
alias vim='sudo vim'
#[Esc][h] man 当前命令时，显示简短说明
alias run-help >&/dev/null && unalias run-help
autoload run-help
#历史命令 top10
alias top10='print -l ${(o)history%% *} | uniq -c | sort -nr | head -n 10'
#}}}
#路径别名 {{{
#进入相应的路径时只要 cd ~xxx
hash -d A="/media/ayu/dearest"
hash -d H="/media/data/backup/ayu"
hash -d E="/etc/"
hash -d D="/home/ayumi/Documents"
#}}}
##for Emacs {{{
#在 Emacs终端 中使用 Zsh 的一些设置 不推荐在 Emacs 中使用它
#if [[ "$TERM" == "dumb" ]]; then
#setopt No_zle
#PROMPT='%n@%M %/
#>>'
#alias ls='ls -F'
#fi
#}}}
#{{{自定义补全
#补全 ping
zstyle ':completion:*:ping:*' hosts 192.168.1.{1,50,51,100,101} www.google.com
#补全 ssh scp sftp 等
#zstyle -e ':completion::*:*:*:hosts' hosts 'reply=(${=${${(f)"$(cat {/etc/ssh_,~/.ssh/known_}hosts(|2)(N) /dev/null)"}%%[# ]*}//,/ })'
#}}}
#{{{ F1 计算器
arith-eval-echo() {
LBUFFER="${LBUFFER}echo \$(( "
RBUFFER=" ))$RBUFFER"
}
zle -N arith-eval-echo
bindkey "^[[11~" arith-eval-echo
#}}}
####{{{
function timeconv { date -d @$1 +"%Y-%m-%d %T" }
# }}}
zmodload zsh/mathfunc
autoload -U zsh-mime-setup
zsh-mime-setup
setopt EXTENDED_GLOB
#autoload -U promptinit
#promptinit
#prompt redhat
setopt correctall
autoload compinstall
#漂亮又实用的命令高亮界面
setopt extended_glob
TOKENS_FOLLOWED_BY_COMMANDS=('|' '||' ';' '&' '&&' 'sudo' 'do' 'time' 'strace')
recolor-cmd() {
region_highlight=()
colorize=true
start_pos=0
for arg in ${(z)BUFFER}; do
((start_pos+=${#BUFFER[$start_pos+1,-1]}-${#${BUFFER[$start_pos+1,-1]## #}}))
((end_pos=$start_pos+${#arg}))
if $colorize; then
colorize=false
res=$(LC_ALL=C builtin type $arg 2>/dev/null)
case $res in
*'reserved word'*) style="fg=magenta,bold";;
*'alias for'*) style="fg=cyan,bold";;
*'shell builtin'*) style="fg=yellow,bold";;
*'shell function'*) style='fg=green,bold';;
*"$arg is"*)
[[ $arg = 'sudo' ]] && style="fg=red,bold" || style="fg=blue,bold";;
*) style='none,bold';;
esac
region_highlight+=("$start_pos $end_pos $style")
fi
[[ ${${TOKENS_FOLLOWED_BY_COMMANDS[(r)${arg//|/\|}]}:+yes} = 'yes' ]] && colorize=true
start_pos=$end_pos
done
}
check-cmd-self-insert() { zle .self-insert && recolor-cmd }
check-cmd-backward-delete-char() { zle .backward-delete-char && recolor-cmd }
zle -N self-insert check-cmd-self-insert
zle -N backward-delete-char check-cmd-backward-delete-char