famous summary stack trace from Oracle Version 8.1.7.4.0 Bug Note

as this bug note claimed that:

PROBLEM: -------- Customer frequently receives the following errors while rollback of a transcation using Portal application: ORA-603: ORACLE server session terminated by fatal error ORA-600: internal error code, arguments: [6856], [0], [0], [], [], [], [], [] ORA-600: internal error code, arguments: [25012], [3], [15], [], [], [], [], [] DIAGNOSTIC ANALYSIS: -------------------- Alert.log: ~~~~~~~~~~ Wed May 19 12:47:28 2004 Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/ORTPTP/udump/ortptp_ora_6363.trc: ORA-603: ORACLE server session terminated by fatal error ORA-600: internal error code, arguments: [6856], [0], [0], [], [], [], [], [] Wed May 19 14:38:39 2004 Errors in file /opt/oracle/admin/ORTPTP/udump/ortptp_ora_782.trc: ORA-600: internal error code, arguments: [25012], [3], [15], [], [], [], [], [] Tablespace 3 = TEMP tablespace. Block dump in tracefile ortptp_ora_21207.trc points to TEMP tablespace and TEMP segment: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Block header dump:  0x00c0b917 Object id on Block? Y seg/obj: 0xc0b916  csc: 0x00.18f4bc  itc: 1  flg: O  typ: 1 - DATA fsl: 0  fnx: 0x0 ver: 0x01 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ WORKAROUND: ----------- RELATED BUGS: ------------- 3562030 REPRODUCIBILITY: ---------------- Frequently TEST CASE: ---------- STACK TRACE: ------------ Summary Stack   (to Full stack)   (to Function List) ksedmp             # KSE: dump the process state kgeriv             # KGE Record Internal error code (with Va_list) (IGNORE) kgeasi             # Raise an error on an ASSERTION failure (IGNORE) kdbmrd             ? Module Notes: kdb.c - Kernel Data Block structure and internal manipulation kdoqmd             ? Module Notes: kdo.c - Kernel Data Operations kcoapl             NAME: kcoapl - Kernel Cache Op APpLy kcbchg1 kcbchg ktuapundo          ktuapundo - Kernel Transaction Undo APply UNdo ktbapundo          ktbapundo - Kernel Transaction Block APply UNdo kdoiur             declare local objects */ kcoubk             kcoubk - Kernel Cache Op Undo callBacK -- invoke undo callback routine    */ ktundo             ktundo - Kernel Transaction UNDO ktubko             Get undo record to rollback transaction, non-CR only */ ktuabt             ktuabt - Kernel Transaction Undo ABorT */ ktcrab             KTC: Kernel Transaction Control Real ABort - Abort a transaction. ktdabt k2labo             abort session: first abort aborts tx k2send             TESTING SUPPORT: xctrol             XaCTion ROLlback: Rollback the current transaction of the current session. opiodr             OPIODR: ORACLE code request driver - route the current request ttcpip             TTCPIP: Two Task Common PIPe read/write opitsk             opitsk - Two Task Oracle Side Function Dispatcher opiino             opiino - ORACLE Program Interface INitialize Opi opiodr             OPIODR: ORACLE code request driver - route the current request opidrv             # opidrv - ORACLE Program Interface DRiVer (IGNORE) sou2o              # Main Oracle executable entry point main               # Standard executable entry point start              # C program entry point (IGNORE) ********************************************************************************************** another summary: drepprep     perform the document indexing evapls    EVAluate any PLSql function kcmclscn    check Lamport SCN kcsadj1    adjust SCN kgesinv    KGE Signal Internal (Named) error (with VA_list) kghalo    KGH: main allocation entry point kghalp    KGH: Allocate permanent memory kghfnd    KGH: Find a chunk of at least the minimum size kghfrunp    KGH: Ask client to free unpinned space kghfrx    Free extent. This is called when a heap is unpinned to request that it kghgex    KGH: Get a new extent kghnospc    KGH: There is no space available in the heap kghpmalo    KGH: Find and return a permanent chunk of space kghxal    Allocate a fixed size piece of shared memory. kglhpd    KGL HeaP Deallocate kglobcl    KGL OBject CLear all tables kglpnal    KGL PiN ALlOcate kglpnc    KGL: PiN heaps and load data pieces of a Cursor object kglpndl    KGL PiN DeLete kglrfcl    KGL ReFerence CLear kgmexec    KGM EXECute kkmpost    POST PROCESSING kksalx    ALlocate 'size' bytes from the eXecution-time heap kkscls    KKS: Close the cursor, user is done with it kkspfda    Multiple context area management kkssbt    KKS: set bind types kksscl    KKS: scan child list? koklcopy    KOK Lob COPY. koklcpb2c    KOK Lob CoPy Binary data (BFILE/BLOB) into Clob kolfgdir    KOL File Get DIRectory object, path and FileNames. kpuexec    KPU: Execute kpuexecv8    KPU: Execute V8 kpurcsc    KPU Remote Call with ServiceContext, Callbacks kqdgtc    return an open and parsed cursor for the given statement kqldprr    KQLD Parent Referential constraint Read kqllod    KQL: database object load kqlsadd    kqlsadd - KQLS ADD a new element to a subordinate set kqlslod    KQLS: Load all subordinate set elements for a given heap kslcll    KSL: Clean up after a given latch kslcllt    Clean up after a given latch kslilcr    invoke latch cleanup routine: ksmapg    KSM: Callback function for allocating a PGA extent, calls OSD to alloc ksmasg    Callback function for allocating an SGA extent. kssxdl    KSS: delete SO ignoring all except severe errors. cleans latches ksucln    KSUCLN: Cleanup detached process ksudlc    delete call ksudlp    KSU: delete process.called when user detaches or during cleanup by PMON ksuxda    KSUCLN: Attempt to delete all processes that are marked dead. ksuxdl    KSUCLN: Delete state object for PMON ksuxfl    KSU: Find dead processes and cleanup their latches. Called by PMON kxfpbgpc    Get Permanent Chunks kxfpbgtc    Buffer Allocation Get Chunk kxfpnfy    KXFP: NotiFY (component notifier) kxfxse    KXFX: execute kxstcls    Trace cursor closing opicca    ORACLE Program Interface: Clear Context Area opiclo    ORACLE Program Interface: CLOse cursor opiprs    ORACLE Program Interface: PaRSe opitca    OPITCA: sets up the context area pextproc    Pefm call EXTernal PROCedure qerocStart    This function creates a collection iterator row-source to iterate qkadrv    QKADRV: allocate query structures qkajoi    QKAJOI: Query Kernel Allocation: JOIn processing qximeop    QXIM Evaluate OPerand rpicls    RPI: Recursive Program Interface CLoSe selexe    SELEXE: prepare context area for fetch xtyinpr    XTY Insert Numeric PRecision operator

 

ORA-600 Lookup Error Categories

Applies to:

Oracle Server - Enterprise Edition - Version: Oracle Server - Personal Edition - Version: Oracle Server - Standard Edition - Version: Information in this document applies to any platform. Checked for relevance 04-Jun-2009

Purpose

This note aims to provide a high level overview of the internal errors which may be encountered on the Oracle Server (sometimes referred to as the Oracle kernel). It is written to provide a guide to where a particular error may live and give some indication as to what the impact of the problem may be. Where a problem is reproducible and connected with a specific feature, you might obviously try not using the feature. If there is a consistent nature to the problem, it is good practice to ensure that the latest patchsets are in place and that you have taken reasonable measures to avoid known issues. For repeatable issues which the ora-600 tool has not listed a likely cause , it is worth constructing a test case. Where this is possible, it greatly assists in the resolution time of any issue. It is important to remember that, in a many instances , the Server is very flexible and a workaround can very often be achieved.

Scope and Application

This bulletin provides Oracle DBAs with an overview of internal database errors.

Disclaimer: Every effort has been made to provide a reasonable degree of accuracy in what has been stated. Please consider that the details provided only serve to provide an indication of functionality and, in some cases, may not be wholly correct.

ORA-600 Lookup Error Categories

In the Oracle Server source, there are two types of ora-600 error :

• the first parameter is a number which reflects the source component or layer the error is connected with; or
• the first parameter is a mnemonic which indicates the source module where the error originated. This type of internal error is now used in preference to an internal error number.

Both types of error may be possible in the Oracle server.

Internal Errors Categorised by number range

The following table provides an indication of internal error codes used in the Oracle server. Thus, if ora-600[X] is encountered, it is possible to glean some high level background information : the error in generated in the Y layer which indicates that there may be a problem with Z.

Ora-600 Base

Functionality

Description

1

Service Layer

The service layer has within it a variety of service related components which are associated with in memory related activities in the SGA such as, for example : the management of Enqueues, System Parameters, System state objects (these objects track the use of structures in the SGA by Oracle server processes), etc.. In the main, this layer provides support to allow process communication and provides support for locking and the management of structures to support multiple user processes connecting and interacting within the SGA. Note : vos  - Virtual Operating System provides features to support the functionality above.  As the name suggests it provides base functionality in much the same way as is provided by an Operating System.

Ora-600 Base	Functionality	Description
1	vos	Component notifier
100	vos	Debug
300	vos	Error
500	vos	Lock
700	vos	Memory
900	vos	System Parameters
1100	vos	System State object
1110	vos	Generic Linked List management
1140	vos	Enqueue
1180	vos	Instance Locks
1200	vos	User State object
1400	vos	Async Msgs
1700	vos	license Key
1800	vos	Instance Registration
1850	vos	I/O Services components

2000

Cache Layer

Where errors are generated in this area, it is advisable to check whether the error is repeatable and whether the error is perhaps associated with recovery or undo type operations; where this is the case and the error is repeatable, this may suggest some kind of hardware or physical issue with a data file, control file or log file. The Cache layer is responsible for making the changes to the underlying files and well as managing the related memory structures in the SGA. Note : rcv indicates recovery. It is important to remember that the Oracle cache layer is effectively going through the same code paths as used by the recovery mechanism.

Ora-600 Base	Functionality	Description
2000	server/rcv	Cache Op
2100	server/rcv	Control File mgmt
2200	server/rcv	Misc (SCN etc.)
2400	server/rcv	Buffer Instance Hash Table
2600	server/rcv	Redo file component
2800	server/rcv	Db file
3000	server/rcv	Redo Application
3200	server/cache	Buffer manager
3400	server/rcv	Archival & media recovery component
3600	server/rcv	recovery component
3700	server/rcv	Thread component
3800	server/rcv	Compatibility segment

It is important  to consider when the error occurred and the context in which the error was generated. If the error does not reproduce, it may be an in memory issue.

4000

Transaction Layer

Primarily the transaction layer is involved with maintaining structures associated with the management of transactions.  As with the cache layer , problems encountered in this layer may indicate some kind of issue at a physical level. Thus it is important to try and repeat the same steps to see if the problem recurs.

Ora-600 Base	Functionality	Description
4000	server/txn	Transaction Undo
4100	server/txn	Transaction Undo
4210	server/txn	Transaction Parallel
4250	server/txn	Transaction List
4300	space/spcmgmt	Transaction Segment
4400	txn/lcltx	Transaction Control
4450	txn/lcltx	distributed transaction control
4500	txn/lcltx	Transaction Block
4600	space/spcmgmt	Transaction Table
4800	dict/rowcache	Query Row Cache
4900	space/spcmgmt	Transaction Monitor
5000	space/spcmgmt	Transaction Extent

It is important to try and determine what the object involved in any reproducible problem is. Then use the analyze command. For more information, please refer to the analyze command as detailed in the context of  Note:28814.1; in addition, it may be worth using the dbverify as discussed in Note:35512.1.

6000

Data Layer

The data layer is responsible for maintaining and managing the data in the database tables and indexes. Issues in this area may indicate some kind of physical issue at the object level and therefore, it is important to try and isolate the object and then perform an anlayze on the object to validate its structure.

Ora-600 Base	Functionality	Description
6000	ram/data ram/analyze ram/index	data, analyze command and index related activity
7000	ram/object	lob related errors
8000	ram/data	general data access
8110	ram/index	index related
8150	ram/object	general data access

Again, it is important to try and determine what the object involved in any reproducible problem is. Then use the analyze command. For more information, please refer to the analyze command as detailed in the context of  Note:28814.1; in addition, it may be worth using the dbverify as discussed in Note:35512.1.

12000

User/Oracle Interface & SQL Layer Components

This layer governs the user interface with the Oracle server. Problems generated by this layer usually indicate : some kind of presentation or format error in the data received by the server, i.e. the client may have sent incomplete information; or there is some kind of issue which indicates that the data is received out of sequence

Ora-600 Base	Functionality	Description
12200	progint/kpo progint/opi	lob related errors at interface level on server side, xa , etc.
12300	progint/if	OCI interface to coordinating global transactions
12400	sqlexec/rowsrc	table row source access
12600	space/spcmgmt	operations associated with tablespace : alter / create / drop operations ; operations associated with create table / cluster
12700	sqlexec/rowsrc	bad rowid
13000	dict/if	dictionary access routines associated with kernel compilation
13080	ram/index	kernel Index creation
13080	sqllang/integ	constraint mechanism
13100	progint/opi	archival and Media Recovery component
13200	dict/sqlddl	alter table mechanism
13250	security/audit	audit statement processing
13300	objsupp/objdata	support for handling of object generation and object access
14000	dict/sqlddl	sequence generation
15000	progint/kpo	logon to Oracle
16000	tools/sqlldr	sql loader related

You should try and repeat the issue and with the use of sql trace , try and isolate where exactly the issue may be occurring within the application.

14000

System Dependent Component internal error values

This layer manages interaction with the OS. Effectively it acts as the glue which allows the Oracle server to interact with the OS. The types of operation which this layer manages are indicated as follows.

Ora-600 Base	Functionality	Description
14000	osds	File access
14100	osds	Concurrency management;
14200	osds	Process management;
14300	osds	Exception-handler or signal handler management
14500	osds	Memory allocation

15000

security/dac, security/logon security/ldap

local user access validation; challenge / response activity for remote access validation; auditing operation; any activities associated with granting and revoking of privileges; validation of password with external password file

15100

dict/sqlddl

this component manages operations associated with creating, compiling (altering), renaming, invalidating, and dropping  procedures, functions, and packages.

15160

optim/cbo

cost based optimizer layer is used to determine optimal path to the data based on statistical information available on the relevant tables and indexes.

15190

optim/cbo

cost based optimizer layer. Used in the generation of a new index to determine how the index should be created. Should it be constructed from the table data or from another index.

15200

dict/shrdcurs

used to in creating sharable context area associated with shared cursors

15230

dict/sqlddl

manages the compilation of triggers

15260

dict/dictlkup dict/libcache

dictionary lookup and library cache access

15400

server/drv

manages alter system and alter session operations

15410

progint/if

manages compilation of pl/sql packages and procedures

15500

dict/dictlkup

performs dictionary lookup to ensure semantics are correct

15550

sqlexec/execsvc sqlexec/rowsrc

hash join execution management; parallel row source management

15600

sqlexec/pq

component provides support for Parallel Query operation

15620

repl/snapshots

manages the creation of snapshot or materialized views as well as related snapshot / MV operations

15640

repl/defrdrpc

layer containing various functions for examining the deferred transaction queue and retrieving information

15660

jobqs/jobq

manages the operation of the Job queue background processes

15670

sqlexec/pq

component provides support for Parallel Query operation

15700

sqlexec/pq

component provides support for Parallel Query operation; specifically mechanism for starting up and shutting down query slaves

15800

sqlexec/pq

component provides support for Parallel Query operation

15810

sqlexec/pq

component provides support for Parallel Query operation; specifically functions for creating mechanisms through which Query co-ordinator can communicate with PQ slaves;

15820

sqlexec/pq

component provides support for Parallel Query operation

15850

sqlexec/execsvc

component provides support for the execution of SQL statements

15860

sqlexec/pq

component provides support for Parallel Query operation

16000

loader

sql Loader direct load operation;

16150

loader

this layer is used for 'C' level call outs to direct loader operation;

16200

dict/libcache

this is part of library Cache operation. Amongst other things it manages the dependency of SQL objects and tracks who is permitted to access these objects;

16230

dict/libcache

this component is responsible for managing access to remote objects as part of library Cache operation;

16300

mts/mts

this component relates to MTS (Multi Threaded Server) operation

16400

dict/sqlddl

this layer contains functionality which allows tables to be loaded / truncated and their definitions to be modified. This is part of dictionary operation;

16450

dict/libcache

this layer layer provides support for multi-instance access to the library cache; this functionality is applicable therefore to OPS environments;

16500

dict/rowcache

this layer provides support to load / cache Oracle's dictionary in memory in the library cache;

16550

sqlexec/fixedtab

this component maps data structures maintained in the Oracle code to fixed tables such that they can be queried using the SQL layer;

16600

dict/libcache

this layer performs management of data structures within the library cache;

16651

dict/libcache

this layer performs management of dictionary related information within library Cache;

16701

dict/libcache

this layer provides library Cache support to support database creation and forms part of the bootstrap process;

17000

dict/libcache

this is the main library Cache manager. This Layer maintains the in memory representation of cached sql statements together will all the necessary support that this demands;

17090

generic/vos

this layer implementations error management operations: signalling errors, catching  errors, recovering from errors, setting error frames, etc.;

17100

generic/vos

Heap manager. The Heap manager manages the storage of internal data in an orderly and consistent manner. There can be many heaps serving various purposes; and heaps within heaps. Common examples are the SGA heap, UGA heap and the PGA heap. Within a Heap there are consistency markers which aim to ensure that the Heap is always in a consistent state. Heaps are use extensively and are in memory structures - not on disk.

17200

dict/libcache

this component deals with loading remote library objects into the local library cache with information from the remote database.

17250

dict/libcache

more library cache errors ; functionality for handling pipe operation associated with dbms_pipe

17270

dict/instmgmt

this component manages instantiations of procedures, functions, packages, and cursors in a session. This provides a means to keep track of what has been loaded in the event of process death;

17300

generic/vos

manages certain types of memory allocation structure.  This functionality is an extension of the Heap manager.

17500

generic/vos

relates to various I/O operations. These relate to async i/o operation,  direct i/o operation and the management of writing buffers from the buffer cache by potentially a number of database writer processes;

17625

dict/libcache

additional library Cache supporting functions

17990

plsql

plsql 'standard' package related issues

18000

txn/lcltx

transaction and savepoint management operations

19000

optim/cbo

cost based optimizer related operations

20000

ram/index

bitmap index and index related errors.

20400

ram/partnmap

operations on partition related objects

20500

server/rcv

server recovery related operation

21000

repl/defrdrpc, repl/snapshot, repl/trigger

replication related features

23000

oltp/qs

AQ related errors.

24000

dict/libcache

operations associated with managing stored outlines

25000

server/rcv

tablespace management operations

Internal Errors Categorised by mnemonic

The following table details mnemonics error stems which are possible. If you have encountered : ora-600[kkjsrj:1] for example, you should look down the Error Mnemonic column (errors in alphabetical order) until you find the matching stem. In this case, kkj indicates that something unexpected has occurred in job queue operation.

Error Mnemonic(s)	Functionality	Description
ain ainp	ram/index	ain - alter index; ainp -  alter index partition management operation
apacb	optim/rbo	used by optimizer in connect by processing
atb atbi atbo ctc ctci cvw	dict/sqlddl	alter table , create table (IOT) or cluster operations as well as create view related operations (with constraint handling functionality)
dbsdrv	sqllang/parse	alter / create database operation
ddfnet	progint/distrib	various distributed operations on remote dictionary
delexe	sqlexec/dmldrv	manages the delete statement operation
dix	ram/index	manages drop index or validate index operation
dtb	dict/sqlddl	manages drop table operation
evaa2g evah2p evaa2g	dbproc/sqlfunc	various functions involves in evaluating operand outcomes such as : addition , average, OR operator, bites AND , bites OR, concatenation, as well as Oracle related functions : count(), dump() , etc. The list is extensive.
expcmo expgon	dbproc/expreval	handles expression evaluation with respect to two operands being equivalent
gra	security/dac	manages the granting and revoking of privilege rights to a user
gslcsq	plsldap	support for operations with an LDAP server
insexe	sqlexec/dmldrv	handles the insert statement operation
jox	progint/opi	functionality associated with the Java compiler and with the Java runtime environment within the Server
k2c k2d	progint/distrib	support for database to database operation in distributed environements as well as providing, with respect to the 2-phase commit protocol, a globally unique Database id
k2g k2l	txn/disttx	support for the 2 phase commit protocol protocol and the coordination of the various states in managing the distributed transaction
k2r k2s k2sp	progint/distrib	k2r - user interface for managing distributed transactions and combining distributed results ; k2s - handles logging on, starting a transaction, ending a transaction and recovering a transaction; k2sp - management of savepoints in a distributed environment.
k2v	txn/disttx	handles distributed recovery operation
kad	cartserv/picklercs	handles OCIAnyData implementation
kau	ram/data	manages the modification of indexes for inserts, updates and delete operations for IOTs as well as modification of indexes for IOTs
kcb kcbb kcbk kcbl kcbs kcbt kcbw kcbz	cache	manages Oracle's buffer cache operation as well as operations used by capabilities such as direct load, has clusters , etc.
kcc kcf	rcv	manages and coordinates operations on the control file(s)
kcit	context/trigger	internal trigger functionality
kck	rcv	compatibility related checks associated with the compatible parameter
kcl	cache	background lck process which manages locking in a RAC or parallel server multiple instance environment
kco kcq kcra kcrf kcrfr kcrfw kcrp kcrr kcs kct kcv	rcv	various buffer cache operation such as quiesce operation , managing fast start IO target, parallel recovery operation , etc.
kd	ram/data	support for row level dependency checking and some log miner operations
kda	ram/analyze	manages the analyze command and collection of statistics
kdbl kdc kdd	ram/data	support for direct load operation, cluster space management and deleting rows
kdg	ram/analyze	gathers information about the underlying data and is used by the analyze command
kdi kdibc3 kdibco kdibh kdibl kdibo kdibq kdibr kdic kdici kdii kdil kdir kdis kdiss kdit kdk	ram/index	support of the creation of indexes on tables an IOTs and index look up
kdl kdlt	ram/object	lob and temporary lob management
kdo	ram/data	operations on data such as inserting a row piece or deleting a row piece
kdrp	ram/analyze	underlying support for operations provided by the dbms_repair package
kds kdt kdu	ram/data	operations on data such as retrieving a row and updating existing row data
kdv kdx	ram/index	functionality for dumping index and managing index blocks
kfc kfd kfg	asm	support for ASM file and disk operations
kfh kfp kft	rcv	support for writing to file header and transportable tablespace operations
kgaj kgam kgan kgas kgat kgav kgaz	argusdbg/argusdbg	support for Java Debug Wire Protocol (JDWP) and debugging facilites
kgbt kgg kgh kghs kghx kgkp	vos	kgbt - support for BTree operations; kgg - generic lists processing; kgh - Heap Manager : managing the internal structures withing the SGA / UGA / PGA and ensures their integrity; kghs - Heap manager with Stream support; kghx - fixed sized shared memory manager; kgkp - generic services scheduling policies
kgl kgl2 kgl3 kgla kglp kglr kgls	dict/libcache	generic library cache operation
kgm kgmt	ilms	support for inter language method services - or calling one language from another
kgrq kgsk kgski kgsn kgss	vos	support for priority queue and scheduling; capabilities for Numa support;  Service State object manager
kgupa kgupb kgupd0 kgupf kgupg kgupi kgupl kgupm kgupp kgupt kgupx kguq2 kguu	vos	Service related activities activities associated with for Process monitor (PMON); spawning or creating of background processes; debugging; managing process address space;  managing the background processes; etc.
kgxp	vos	inter process communication related functions
kjak kjat kjb kjbl kjbm kjbr kjcc kjcs kjctc kjcts kjcv kjdd kjdm kjdr kjdx kjfc kjfm kjfs kjfz kjg kji kjl kjm kjp kjr kjs kjt kju kjx	ccl/dlm	dlm related functionality ; associated with RAC or parallel server operation
kjxgf kjxgg kjxgm kjxgn kjxgna kjxgr	ccl/cgs	provides communication & synchronisation associated with GMS or OPS related functionality as well as name service and OPS Instance Membership Recovery Facility
kjxt	ccl/dlm	DLM request message management
kjzc kjzd kjzf kjzg kjzm	ccl/diag	support for diagnosibility amongst OPS related services
kkb	dict/sqlddl	support for operatoins which load/change table definitions
kkbl kkbn kkbo	objsupp/objddl	support for tables with lobs , nested tables and varrays as well as columns with objects
kkdc kkdl kkdo	dict/dictlkup	support for constraints, dictionary lookup and dictionary support for objects
kke	optim/cbo	query engine cost engine; provides support functions that provide cost estimates for queries under a number of different circumstances
kkfd	sqlexec/pq	support for performing parallel query operation
kkfi	optim/cbo	optimizer support for matching of expressions against functional ndexes
kkfr kkfs	sqlexec/pq	support for rowid range handling as well as for building parallel query query operations
kkj	jobqs/jobq	job queue operation
kkkd kkki	dict/dbsched	resource manager related support. Additionally, provides underlying functions provided by dbms_resource_manager and dbms_resource_manager_privs packages
kklr	dict/sqlddl	provides functions used to manipulate LOGGING and/or RECOVERABLE attributes of an object (non-partitioned table or index or  partitions of a partitioned table or index)
kkm kkmi	dict/dictlkup	provides various semantic checking functions
kkn	ram/analyze	support for the analyze command
kko kkocri	optim/cbo	Cost based Optimizer operation : generates alternative execution plans in order to find the optimal / quickest access to the data.  Also , support to determine cost and applicability of  scanning a given index in trying to create or rebuild an index or a partition thereof
kkpam kkpap	ram/partnmap	support for mapping predicate keys expressions to equivalent partitions
kkpo kkpoc kkpod	dict/partn	support for creation and modification of partitioned objects
kkqg kkqs kkqs1 kkqs2 kkqs3 kkqu kkqv kkqw	optim/vwsubq	query rewrite operation
kks kksa kksh kksl kksm	dict/shrdcurs	support for managing shared cursors/ shared sql
kkt	dict/sqlddl	support for creating, altering and dropping trigger definitions as well as handling the trigger operation
kkxa	repl/defrdrpc	underlying support for dbms_defer_query package operations
kkxb	dict/sqlddl	library cache interface for external tables
kkxl	dict/plsicds	underlying support for the dbms_lob package
kkxm	progint/opi	support for inter language method services
kkxs	dict/plsicds	underlying support for the dbms_sys_sql package
kkxt	repl/trigger	support for replication internal trigger operation
kkxwtp	progint/opi	entry point into the plsql compiler
kky	drv	support for alter system/session commands
kkz kkzd kkzf kkzg kkzi kkzj kkzl kkzo kkzp kkzq kkzr kkzu kkzv	repl/snapshot	support for snapshots or Materialized View validation and operation
kla klc klcli klx	tools/sqlldr	support for direct path sql loader operation
kmc kmcp kmd kmm kmr	mts/mts	support for Multi Threaded server operation (MTS) : manange and operate the virtual circuit mechanism, handle the dispatching of massages, administer shared servers and for collecting and maintaining statistics associated with MTS
knac knafh knaha knahc knahf knahs	repl/apply	replication apply operation associated with Oracle streams
kncc	repl/repcache	support for replication related information stored and maintained in library cache
kncd knce	repl/defrdrpc	replication related enqueue and dequeue of transction data as well as other queue related operations
kncog	repl/repcache	support for loading replicaiton object group information into library cache
kni	repl/trigger	support for replication internal trigger operation
knip knip2 knipi knipl knipr knipu knipu2 knipx	repl/intpkg	support for replication internal package operation.
kno	repl/repobj	support for replication objects
knp knpc knpcb knpcd knpqc knps	repl/defrdrpc	operations assocaied with propagating transactions to a remote node and coordination of this activity.
knst	repl/stats	replication statistics collection
knt kntg kntx	repl/trigger	support for replication internal trigger operation
koc	objmgmt/objcache	support for managing ADTs objects in the OOCI heap
kod	objmgmt/datamgr	support for persistent storage for objects : for read/write objects, to manage object IDs, and to manage object concurrency and recovery.
koh	objmgmt/objcache	object heap manager provides memory allocation services for objects
koi	objmgmt/objmgr	support for object types
koka	objsupp/objdata	support for reading images, inserting images, updating images, and deleting images based on object references (REFs).
kokb kokb2	objsupp/objsql	support for nested table objects
kokc	objmgmt/objcache	support for pinning , unpinning and freeing objects
kokd	objsupp/datadrv	driver on the server side for managing objects
koke koke2 koki	objsupp/objsql	support for managing objects
kokl	objsupp/objdata	lob access
kokl2	objsupp/objsql	lob DML and programmatic interface support
kokl3	objsupp/objdata	object temporary LOB support
kokle kokm	objsupp/objsql	object SQL evaluation functions
kokn	objsupp/objname	naming support for objects
koko	objsupp/objsup	support functions to allow oci/rpi to communicate with Object Management Subsystem (OMS).
kokq koks koks2 koks3 koksr	objsupp/objsql	query optimisation for objects , semantic checking and semantic rewrite operations
kokt kokt2 kokt3	objsupp/objddl	object compilation type manager
koku kokv	objsupp/objsql	support for unparse object operators and object view support
kol kolb kole kolf kolo	objmgmt/objmgr	support for object Lob buffering , object lob evaluation and object Language/runtime functions for Opaque types
kope2 kopi2 kopo kopp2 kopu koputil kopz	objmgmt/pickler	8.1 engine implementation,  implementation of image ops for 8.1+ image format together with various pickler related support functions
kos	objsupp/objsup	object Stream interfaces for images/objects
kot kot2 kotg	objmgmt/typemgr	support for dynamic type operations to create, delete, and  update types.
koxs koxx	objmgmt/objmgt	object generic image Stream routines and miscellaneous generic object functions
kpcp kpcxlt	progint/kpc	Kernel programmatic connection pooling and kernel programmatic common type XLT translation routines
kpki	progint/kpki	kernel programatic interface support
kpls	cartserv/corecs	support for string formatting operations
kpn	progint/kpn	support for server to server communication
kpoal8 kpoaq kpob kpodny kpodp kpods kpokgt kpolob kpolon kpon	progint/kpo	support for programmatic operations
kpor	progint/opi	support for streaming protocol used by replication
kposc	progint/kpo	support for scrollable cursors
kpotc	progint/opi	oracle side support functions for setting up trusted external procedure callbacks
kpotx kpov	progint/kpo	support for managing local and distributed transaction coordination.
kpp2 kpp3	sqllang/parse	kpp2 - parse routines for dimensions; kpp3 - parse support for create/alter/drop summary  statements
kprb kprc	progint/rpi	support for executing sql efficiently on the Oracle server side as well as for copying data types during rpi operations
kptsc	progint/twotask	callback functions provided to all streaming operation as part of replication functionality
kpu kpuc kpucp	progint/kpu	Oracle kernel side programmatic user interface,  cursor management functions and client side connection pooling support
kqan kqap kqas	argusdbg/argusdbg	server-side notifiers and callbacks for debug operations.
kql kqld kqlp	dict/libcache	SQL Library Cache manager - manages the sharing of sql statements in the shared pool
kqr	dict/rowcache	row cache management. The row cache consists of a set of facilities to provide fast access to table definitions and locking capabilities.
krbi krbx krby krcr krd krpi	rcv	Backup and recovery related operations : krbi - dbms_backup_restore package underlying support.; krbx -  proxy copy controller; krby - image copy; krcr - Recovery Controlfile Redo; krd - Recover Datafiles (Media & Standby Recovery);  krpi - support for the package : dbms_pitr
krvg krvt	rcv/vwr	krvg - support for generation of redo associated with DDL; krvt - support for redo log miner viewer (also known as log miner)
ksa ksdp ksdx kse ksfd ksfh ksfq ksfv ksi ksim ksk ksl ksm ksmd ksmg ksn ksp kspt ksq ksr kss ksst ksu ksut	vos	support for various kernel associated capabilities
ksx	sqlexec/execsvc	support for query execution associated with temporary tables
ksxa ksxp ksxr	vos	support for various kernel associated capabilities in relation to OPS or RAC operation
kta	space/spcmgmt	support for DML locks and temporary tables associated with table access
ktb ktbt ktc	txn/lcltx	transaction control operations at the block level : locking block, allocating space within the block , freeing up space, etc.
ktec ktef ktehw ktein ktel kteop kteu	space/spcmgmt	support for extent management operations : ktec - extent concurrency operations; ktef - extent format; ktehw - extent high water mark operations; ktein - extent  information operations; ktel - extent support for sql loader; kteop - extent operations : add extent to segment, delete extent, resize extent, etc. kteu - redo support for operations changing segment header / extent map
ktf	txn/lcltx	flashback support
ktfb ktfd ktft ktm	space/spcmgmt	ktfb - support for bitmapped space manipulation of files/tablespaces;  ktfd - dictionary-based extent management; ktft - support for temporary file manipulation; ktm - SMON operation
ktp ktpr ktr ktri	txn/lcltx	ktp - support for parallel transaction operation; ktpr - support for parallel transaction recovery; ktr - kernel transaction read consistency; ktri - support for dbms_resumable package
ktsa ktsap ktsau ktsb ktscbr ktsf ktsfx ktsi ktsm ktsp ktss ktst ktsx ktt kttm	space/spcmgmt	support for checking and verifying space usage
ktu ktuc ktur ktusm	txn/lcltx	internal management of undo and rollback segments
kwqa kwqi kwqic kwqid kwqie kwqit kwqj kwqm kwqn kwqo kwqp kwqs kwqu kwqx	oltp/qs	support for advanced queuing : kwqa - advanced queue administration; kwqi - support for AQ PL/SQL trusted callouts; kwqic - common AQ support functions; kwqid - AQ dequeue support; kwqie - AQ enqueu support ; kwqit - time management operation ; kwqj - job queue scheduler for propagation; kwqm - Multiconsumer queue IOT support; kwqn - queue notifier; kwqo - AQ support for checking instType checking options; kwqp - queueing propagation; kwqs - statistics handling; kwqu - handles lob data. ; kwqx - support for handling transformations
kwrc kwre	oltp/re	rules engine evaluation
kxcc kxcd kxcs	sqllang/integ	constraint processing
kxdr	sqlexec/dmldrv	DML driver entrypoint
kxfp kxfpb kxfq kxfr kxfx	sqlexec/pq	parallel query support
kxhf kxib	sqlexec/execsvc	khhf- support for hash join file and memory management; kxib - index buffering operations
kxs	dict/instmgmt	support for executing shared cursors
kxti kxto kxtr	dbproc/trigger	support for trigger operation
kxtt	ram/partnmap	support for temporary table operations
kxwph	ram/data	support for managing attributes of the segment of a table / cluster / table-partition
kza	security/audit	support for auditing operations
kzar	security/dac	support for application auditing
kzck	security/crypto	encryption support
kzd	security/dac	support for dictionary access by security related functions
kzec	security/dbencryption	support inserting and retrieving encrypted objects into and out of the database
kzfa kzft	security/audit	support for fine grained auditing
kzia	security/logon	identification and authentication operations
kzp kzra kzrt kzs kzu kzup	security/dac	security related operations associated with privileges
msqima msqimb	sqlexec/sqlgen	support for generating sql statments
ncodef npi npil npixfr	progint/npi	support for managing remote network connection from  within the server itself
oba	sqllang/outbufal	operator buffer allocate for various types of operators : concatenate, decode, NVL, etc.  the list is extensive.
ocik	progint/oci	OCI oracle server functions
opiaba opidrv opidsa opidsc opidsi opiexe opifch opiino opilng opipar opipls opirip opitsk opix	progint/opi	OPI Oracle server functions - these are at the top of the server stack and are called indirectly by ythe client in order to server the client request.
orlr	objmgmt/objmgr	support for  C langauge interfaces to user-defined types (UDTs)
orp	objmgmt/pickler	oracle's external pickler / opaque type interfaces
pesblt pfri pfrsqc	plsql/cox	pesblt - pl/sql built in interpreter; pfri - pl/sql runtime; pfrsqc - pl/sql callbacks for array sql and dml with returning
piht	plsql/gen/utl	support for pl/sql implementation of utl_http package
pirg	plsql/cli/utl_raw	support for pl/sql implementation of utl_raw package
pism	plsql/cli/utl_smtp	support for pl/sql implementation of utl_smtp package
pitcb	plsql/cli/utl_tcp	support for pl/sql implementation of utl_tcp package
piur	plsql/gen/utl_url	support for pl/sql implementation of utl_url package
plio	plsql/pkg	pl/sql object instantiation
plslm	plsql/cox	support for NCOMP processing
plsm pmuc pmuo pmux	objmgmt/pol	support for pl/sql handling of collections
prifold priold	plsql/cox	support to allow rpc forwarding to an older release
prm	sqllang/param	parameter handling associated with sql layer
prsa prsc prssz	sqllang/parse	prsa - parser for alter cluster command; prsc - parser for create database command; prssz - support for parse context to be saved
psdbnd psdevn	progint/dbpsd	psdbnd - support for managing bind variables; psdevn - support for pl/sql debugger
psdicd	progint/plsicds	small number of ICD to allow pl/sql to call into 'C' source
psdmsc psdpgi	progint/dbpsd	psdmsc - pl/sql system dependent miscellaneous functions ; psdpgi - support for opening and closing cursors in pl/sql
psf	plsql/pls	pl/sql service related functions for instantiating called pl/sql unit in library cache
qbadrv qbaopn	sqllang/qrybufal	provides allocation of buffer and control structures in query execution
qcdl qcdo	dict/dictlkup	qcdl - query compile semantic analysis; qcdo - query compile dictionary support for objects
qci	dict/shrdcurs	support for SQL language parser and semantic analyser
qcop qcpi qcpi3 qcpi4 qcpi5	sqllang/parse	support for query compilation parse phase
qcs qcs2 qcs3 qcsji qcso	dict/dictlkup	support for semantic analysis by SQL compiler
qct qcto	sqllang/typeconv	qct - query compile type check operations; qcto -  query compile type check operators
qcu	sqllang/parse	various utilities provided for sql compilation
qecdrv	sqllang/qryedchk	driver performing high level checks on sql language query capabilities
qerae qerba qerbc qerbi qerbm qerbo qerbt qerbu qerbx qercb qercbi qerco qerdl qerep qerff qerfi qerfl qerfu qerfx qergi qergr qergs qerhc qerhj qeril qerim qerix qerjm qerjo qerle qerli qerlt qerns qeroc qeroi qerpa qerpf qerpx qerrm qerse qerso qersq qerst qertb qertq qerua qerup qerus qervw qerwn qerxt	sqlexec/rowsrc	row source operators : qerae - row source (And-Equal) implementation; qerba - Bitmap Index AND row source; qerbc - bitmap index compaction row source; qerbi - bitmap index creation row source; qerbm - QERB Minus row source; qerbo  - Bitmap Index OR row source; qerbt - bitmap convert row source; qerbu - Bitmap Index Unlimited-OR row source; qerbx - bitmap index access row source; qercb - row source: connect by; qercbi - support for connect by; qerco - count row source; qerdl - row source delete; qerep - explosion row source; qerff - row source fifo buffer; qerfi  - first row row source; qerfl  - filter row source definition; qerfu - row source: for update; qerfx - fixed table row source; qergi - granule iterator row source; qergr - group by rollup row source; qergs - group by sort row source; qerhc - row sources hash clusters; qerhj - row source Hash Join;  qeril  - In-list row source; qerim - Index Maintenance row source; qerix - Index row source; qerjo - row source: join; qerle - linear execution row source implementation; qerli - parallel create index; qerlt - row source populate Table;  qerns  - group by No Sort row source; qeroc - object collection iterator row source; qeroi - extensible indexing query component; qerpa - partition row sources; qerpf - query execution row source: prefetch; qerpx - row source: parallelizer; qerrm - remote row source; qerse - row source: set implementation; qerso - sort row source; qersq - row source for sequence number; qerst  - query execution row sources: statistics; qertb - table row source; qertq  - table queue row source; qerua - row source : union-All; qerup - update row source; qerus - upsert row source ; qervw - view row source; qerwn - WINDOW row source; qerxt - external table fetch row source
qes3t qesa qesji qesl qesmm qesmmc	sqlexec/execsvc	run time support for sql execution
qkacon qkadrv qkajoi qkatab qke qkk qkn qkna qkne	sqlexec/rwsalloc	SQL query dynamic structure allocation routines
qks3t	sqlexec/execsvc	query execution service associated with temp table transformation
qksmm qksmms qksop	sqllang/compsvc	qksmm -  memory management services for the SQL compiler; qksmms - memory management simulation services for the SQL compiler; qksop - query compilation service for operand processing
qkswc	sqlexec/execsvc	support for temp table transformation associated for with clause.
qmf	xmlsupp/util	support for ftp server; implements processing of ftp commands
qmr qmrb qmrs	xmlsupp/resolver	support hierarchical resolver
qms	xmlsupp/data	support for storage and retrieval of XOBs
qmurs	xmlsupp/uri	support for handling URIs
qmx qmxsax	xmlsupp/data	qmx - xml support; qmxsax - support for handling sax processing
qmxtc	xmlsupp/sqlsupp	support for ddl  and other operators related to the sql XML support
qmxtgx	xmlsupp	support for transformation : ADT -> XML
qmxtsk	xmlsupp/sqlsupp	XMLType support functions
qsme	summgmt/dict	summary management expression processing
qsmka qsmkz	dict/dictlkup	qsmka - support to analyze request in order to determine whether a summary could be created that would be useful; qsmkz - support for create/alter summary semantic analysis
qsmp qsmq qsmqcsm qsmqutl	summgmt/dict	qsmp - summary management partition processing; qsmq - summary management dictionary access; qsmqcsm - support for create / drop / alter summary and related dimension operations; qsmqutl - support for summaries
qsms	summgmt/advsvr	summary management advisor
qxdid	objsupp/objddl	support for domain index ddl operations
qxidm	objsupp/objsql	support for extensible index dml operations
qxidp	objsupp/objddl	support for domain index ddl partition operations
qxim	objsupp/objsql	extensible indexing support for objects
qxitex qxopc qxope	objsupp/objddl	qxitex - support for create / drop indextype; qxope - execution time support for operator  callbacks; qxope - execution time support for operator DDL
qxopq qxuag qxxm	objsupp/objsql	qxopq - support for queries with user-defined operators; qxuag - support for user defined aggregate processing; qxxm - queries involving external tables
rfmon rfra rfrdb rfrla rfrm rfrxpt	drs	implements 9i data guard broker monitor
rnm	dict/sqlddl	manages rename statement operation
rpi	progint/rpi	recursive procedure interface which handles the the environment setup where multiple recursize statements are executed from one top level statement
rwoima	sqlexec/rwoprnds	row operand operations
rwsima	sqlexec/rowsrc	row source implementation/retrieval according to the defining query
sdbima	sqlexec/sort	manages and performs sort operation
selexe	sqlexec/dmldrv	handles the operation of select statement execution
skgm	osds	platform specific memory management rountines interfacing with O.S. allocation functions
smbima sor	sqlexec/sort	manages and performs sort operation
sqn	dict/sqlddl	support for parsing references to sequences
srdima srsima stsima	sqlexec/sort	manages and performs sort operation
tbsdrv	space/spcmgmt	operations for executing create / alter / drop tablespace and related supporting functions
ttcclr ttcdrv ttcdty ttcrxh ttcx2y	progint/twotask	two task common layer which provides high level interaction and negotiation functions for Oracle client when communicating with the server.  It also provides important function of converting client side data / data types into equivalent on the server and vice versa
uixexe ujiexe updexe upsexe	sqlexec/dmldrv	support for : index maintenance operations, the execution of the update statement and associated actions connected with update as well as the upsert command which combines the operations of update and insert
vop	optim/vwsubq	view optimisation related functionality
xct	txn/lcltx	support for the management of transactions and savepoint operations
xpl	sqlexec/expplan	support for the explain plan command
xty	sqllang/typeconv	type checking functions
zlke	security/ols/intext	label security error handling component