有同学问Oracle 的package、Procedure、Function 这些PL/SQL程序单元分别存放在哪里?
针对这个问题我们可以通过对create package、Procedure、Function 做trace分析来了解其细节,如:
SQL> select * from v$version;
BANNER
----------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - 64bi
PL/SQL Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
CORE 10.2.0.1.0 Production
TNS for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
SQL> select * from global_name;
GLOBAL_NAME
-----------------------------------------------
www.oracledatabase12g.com & www.askmaclean.com
SQL> oradebug setmypid;
Statement processed.
SQL> oradebug event 10046 trace name context forever,level 8;
Statement processed.
SQL> create or replace procedure maclean
2 as
3 begin
4 null
5 ;
6 end;
7 /
SQL> oradebug tracefile_name;
/s01/admin/G10R21/udump/g10r21_ora_3503.trc
我们来分析以上trace的内容:
[oracle@vrh8 ~]$ grep "insert" /s01/admin/G10R21/udump/g10r21_ora_3503.trc
insert into procedure$(obj#,audit$,options) values (:1,:2,:3)
insert into source$(obj#,line,source) values (:1,:2,:3)
insert into idl_sb4$(obj#,part,version,piece#,length,piece) values(:1,:2,:3,:4,:5,:6)
insert into idl_ub1$(obj#,part,version,piece#,length,piece) values(:1,:2,:3,:4,:5,:6)
insert into idl_char$(obj#,part,version,piece#,length,piece) values(:1,:2,:3,:4,:5,:6)
insert into idl_ub2$(obj#,part,version,piece#,length,piece) values(:1,:2,:3,:4,:5,:6)
insert into idl_sb4$(obj#,part,version,piece#,length,piece) values(:1,:2,:3,:4,:5,:6)
insert into idl_ub1$(obj#,part,version,piece#,length,piece) values(:1,:2,:3,:4,:5,:6)
insert into settings$(obj#, param, value) values (:1, :2, :3)
insert into warning_settings$(obj#, warning_num, global_mod, property) values (:1, :2, :3, :4)
insert into procedureinfo$(obj#,procedure#,overload#,procedurename,properties,itypeobj#) values (:1,:2,:3,:4,:5,:6)
insert into argument$( obj#,procedure$,procedure#,overload#,position#,sequence#,level#)
insert into procedureplsql$(obj#,procedure#,entrypoint#) values (:1,:2,:3)
insert into access$(d_obj#,order#,columns,types) values (:1,:2,:3,:4)
insert into obj$(owner#,name,namespace,obj#,type#,
创建一个非常简单的PL/SQL Procedure牵涉到的数据字典基表却不少,包括了:
- procedure$
- source$
- idl_sb4$
- idl_ub1$
- idl_char$
- idl_ub2$
- idl_sb4$
- idl_ub1$
- settings$
- warning_settings$
- procedureinfo$
- access$
- obj$
注意以上这些数据字典基表都存放在SYSTEM表空间上,丢失SYSTEM表空间也就意味着你可能找不回这些程序了(如果你没有其他备份的话),即使使用DUL工具也无法挽回。
我来简单介绍一下这些数据字典基表( 11g以前可以在sql.bsq文件中找到以下信息, 11g以后在$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/dplsql.bsq中):

procedure$ 基表(普通堆表)用于存放Package程序包和独立的procedure存储过程以及function 函数信息,每一条记录对应一个procedure或function(procedure$ contains information about packages and standalone procedures, functions. There is one row for a top-level object.)

procedureinfo$基表(普通堆表)用于存放独立的或程序包中procedure或function的详细信息,包括Name名字和属性。
这些属性包括:Aggregate、Pipelined、Parallel、deterministic等:
properties number not null, /* procedure properties */
/* 0x00001 = 1 = HIDDEN (internally generated) procedure */
/* 0x00002 = 2 = C implementation (in spec) */
/* 0x00004 = 4 = Java implementation (in spec) */
/* 0x00008 = 8 = Aggregate function */
/* 0x00010 = 16 = Pipelined function */
/* 0x00020 = 32 = Parallel enabled */
/* 0x00040 = 64 = Retrun Self as result (SQLJ) */
/* 0x00080 = 128 = Constructor function (SQLJ) */
/* 0x00100 = 256 = deterministic */
/* 0x00200 = 512 = Pipelined func; interface impl */
/* 0x00400 = 1024 = Function with invokers rights */
/* 0x00800 = 2048 = Func with partitioned argument(s) */
/* 0x01000 = 4096 = Func with clustered argument(s) */
/* 0x02000 = 8192 = Func with ordered i/p argument(s) */
/* 0x04000 = 16384 = Partitioned arg: Hash partitioning */
/* 0x08000 = 32768 = Partitioned arg: Range partitioning */
/* 0x10000 = 65536 = Partitioned using any partitioning */
/* The following field is relevant only for aggregate and pipelined */
/* functions that are implemented using an implementation type */
source$用于存放PL/SQL程序的源代码, 这些代码包括已经被Oracle Wrap加密的代码,一般来说如Oracle EBS这样的应用这张表会非常地大:

idl_ub1$、idl_char$ 这种表名以idl_打头的字典基表用以存放编译好的PL/SQL程序代码,包括三种种类:
- DIANA
- Heap 2 (Diana) : Contains the DIANA (Parse tree metadata) for a PL/SQL object
- Portable pcode
- Heap 3 (Pcode): Stores the pseudocode for a PL/SQL object
- machine-dependent code
- Heap 4 (Mcode): Machine-dependent pseudocode for a PL/SQL object

argument$基表记录了存储过程或函数的调用时的参数信息, 如我们所常用的DBMS_METADATA.GET_DDL函数就有7个argument参数
select object_name,object_id,object_type from dba_objects where object_name='DBMS_METADATA';
OBJECT_NAME OBJECT_ID OBJECT_TYPE
-------------------- ---------- -------------------
DBMS_METADATA 6097 PACKAGE
DBMS_METADATA 7105 PACKAGE BODY
DBMS_METADATA 6098 SYNONYM
SQL> select procedure$,sequence#,argument from sys.argument$ where procedure$='GET_DDL' and obj#=6097;
PROCEDURE$ SEQUENCE# ARGUMENT
------------------------------ ---------- ------------------------------
GET_DDL 1
GET_DDL 2 OBJECT_TYPE
GET_DDL 3 NAME
GET_DDL 4 SCHEMA
GET_DDL 5 VERSION
GET_DDL 6 MODEL
GET_DDL 7 TRANSFORM
7 rows selected.