本博客为mysql安装实际案例记录
系统版本centos7.5
mysql:mysql-5.7.22.tar.gz
安装之前环境：干净版本centos7.5
# whereis mysql
mysql: /usr/lib64/mysql /usr/share/mysql
# rpm -qa | grep "mariadb"
mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
需要软件包：
mysql源码
网易镜像下载地址：http://mirrors.163.com/mysql/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.22.tar.gz
官方：https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/
操作系统类型要选择source code，才是编译安装要用到的源码包；然后到底部，下载mysql-5.7.22.tar.gz
mysql5.7.22编译需要依赖boost包
boost1.5.9 下载地址：http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/boost/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
安装步骤：
1.卸载mariadb
查询
# rpm -qa | grep "mariadb"
mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
卸载
# rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 --nodeps
警告：/etc/my.cnf 已另存为 /etc/my.cnf.rpmsave
2.上传并解压部署包
cd /usr/local/src/;tar -zxvf boost_1_59_0.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
cd /usr/local/src/;tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.22.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/
3.安装依赖包
yum -y install make cmake gcc gcc-c++ bison bison-devel ncurses ncurses-devel autoconf automake wget
4.创建mysql安装目录和数据目录
mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql
mkdir -p /r2/mysqldata
5.添加用户并赋予对应目录权限
useradd mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /r2/mysqldata
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
6.检测和配置mysql编译环境
cd /usr/local/src/mysql-5.7.22 && cmake
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/r2/mysqldata/mysql.sock
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1
-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1
-DWITH_READLINE=1
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/r2/mysqldata
-DMYSQL_USER=mysql
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306
-DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost_1_59_0
7.编译
cd /usr/local/src/mysql-5.7.22 && make -j4
8.安装
cd /usr/local/src/mysql-5.7.22 && make install
9.添加mysql的环境变量
vim /etc/profile
PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH
export PATH
让其生效source /etc/profile
10.初始化mysql
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/r2/mysqldata
获取初始化密码# grep "root@localhost" /r2/mysqldata/error.log |awk '{print $NF}'
IpRu+>C1_KZ7
初始化失败需要删掉/r2/mysqldata的目录内容
11.把mysql-server加入服务初始点
vim /etc/init.d/mysqld添加下面安装位置
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/r2/mysqldata
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
centos7：
cat <<EOF > /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service
[Unit]
Description=Mysql
After=syslog.target network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start
ExecReload=/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server restart
ExecStop=/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server stop
LimitNOFILE = 65535
PrivateTmp=false
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable mysql
systemctl start mysql
centos6：
shell> cd /usr/local/mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/support-files/
shell> cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
shell> chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
shell> chkconfig --add mysqld
shell> chkconfig --list mysqld
shell> service mysqld start
shell> service mysqld status
12.启动 MySQL 服务
启动脚本start.sh
#!/bin/bash
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql --datadir=/r2/mysqldata &
停止脚本stop.sh：
#!/bin/bash
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot -pmaef123 shutdown &
13.设置mysql服务开机自启动
chkconfig mysql on
14.登陆mysql并授权
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p之后输入密码IpRu+>C1_KZ7
set password=password("maef123");
#新建账号wallet，程序访问,只能本地登陆
grant insert,update,delete,select,create,drop,index,trigger,alter on *.* to wallet@'%' identified by 'maef123';
grant insert,update,delete,select,create,drop,index,trigger,alter on *.* to wallet@'localhost' identified by 'maef123';
#通用账户
grant RELOAD,REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT on *.* to repl@'%' identified by 'maef';
#备份账号dbbackup
grant SELECT,RELOAD,LOCK TABLES,REPLICATION CLIENT,PROCESS,SUPER,CREATE,SHOW DATABASES,SHOW VIEW, EVENT, TRIGGER,create tablespace on *.* to dbbackup@'localhost' identified by 'maef123';
#监控账号monitor
grant SELECT, PROCESS, REPLICATION CLIENT, SHOW DATABASES on *.* to monitor@'%' identified by 'maef';
flush privileges;
15.mysql主从搭建
主库的server-id = 1
从库设置为server-id = 2
master主库：# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -pmaef123 -e "show master status G";
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
*************************** 1. row ***************************
File: binlog.000007
Position: 194
Binlog_Do_DB:
Binlog_Ignore_DB:
Executed_Gtid_Set: bd2389f5-a694-11e8-8afd-000c29405632:1-7
slave从库：登陆从库/r2/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p123456
(root@localhost)10:09:12 [(none)]>change master to master_host='192.168.30.36',master_port=3306,master_user='repl',master_password='maef123',master_log_file='binlog.000007',master_log_pos=194;
(root@localhost)10:09:12 [(none)]>start slave;
(root@localhost)10:09:12 [(none)]>show slave statusG
Slave_IO_Running 和 Slave_SQL_Running 都为 Yes
16.mysql主主搭建：
192.168.1.2的/etc/my.cnf
server-id = 1-----不可以相同
auto-increment-increment = 2
auto-increment-offset = 1------不可以相同
192.168.1.3的/etc/my.cnf这样配置
server-id = 2
auto-increment-increment = 2
auto-increment-offset = 2
分别在192.168.1.2和3上面执行命令获取同步点
root@192.168.1.2# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -pmaef123 -e "show master status G";
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
*************************** 1. row ***************************
File: binlog.000007
Position: 194
Binlog_Do_DB:
Binlog_Ignore_DB:
Executed_Gtid_Set: bd2389f5-a694-11e8-8afd-000c29405632:1-7
root@192.168.1.3# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -pmaef123 -e "show master status G";
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
*************************** 1. row ***************************
File: binlog.000008
Position: 228
Binlog_Do_DB:
Binlog_Ignore_DB:
Executed_Gtid_Set: bd2389f5-a694-11e8-8afd-000c29405632:1-7
分别在192.168.1.2和3上面做同步
root@192.168.1.2# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -pmaef123
(root@localhost)10:09:12 [(none)]>change master to master_host='192.168.1.3',master_port=3306,master_user='repl',master_password='maef123',master_log_file='binlog.000008',master_log_pos=228;
(root@localhost)10:09:12 [(none)]>start slave;
(root@localhost)10:09:12 [(none)]>show slave statusG
Slave_IO_Running 和 Slave_SQL_Running 都为 Yes
root@192.168.1.3# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -pmaef123
(root@localhost)10:09:12 [(none)]>change master to master_host='192.168.1.2',master_port=3306,master_user='repl',master_password='maef123',master_log_file='binlog.000007',master_log_pos=194;
(root@localhost)10:09:12 [(none)]>start slave;
(root@localhost)10:09:12 [(none)]>show slave statusG
Slave_IO_Running 和 Slave_SQL_Running 都为 Yes
16.配置my.cnf内容
# line :V1.0
# file_name :my.cnf
# update :调整innodb_open_files设置值，必须小于open_files_limit的设置值
#### 注意 :建议参数根据实际情况作调整
#### 本配置文件主要适用于MySQL 5.7.22版本
# ********* 以下重要参数必须修改核对 *********
# 1.innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=2
# 2.sync_binlog = 0
# 3.innodb_strict_mode = OFF #关闭InnoDB严格检查模式
# 4.innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
# 5.lower_case_table_names = 0 #设置区分大小写
# 6.character-set-server = utf8
# 7.sql_mode #配置为空值
# 8.server-id =1 #修改成对应数值
# 9.innodb_buffer_pool_size = 10G #纯mysql server 配置50%和 混合内存配置不低于10G~40%
#10.key_buffer_size=1G #如果有myisam表请配置为1G，没有请配置64M
#11.innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1G:autoextend #确认配置是否跟原来一样,之前已配置好请维持原样,如未配置请注释掉，新版本请取消注释
#12.log_bin = /r2/mysqldata/binlog #旧版本或者之前已配置好如：log_bin =/r2/mysqldata/slave-bin，请维持原样
#13.slave-parallel #从库开启并行复制，并行复制参数取消注释
#14.undolog #确认配置是否跟原来一样,之前已配置好请维持原样,如未配置请注释掉，新版本（包括升级版本）请取消注释并创建目录并授权
# ********************************************
[client]
port = 3306
default-character-set = utf8
socket = /r2/mysqldata/mysql.sock
#=======================================================================
# # MySQL客户端配置
#=======================================================================
[mysql]
prompt="(u@h) \R:\m:\s [d]> "
no-auto-rehash
default-character-set = utf8
#=======================================================================
# MySQL服务器全局配置
#=======================================================================
[mysqld]
user = mysql
port = 3306
server-id = 1
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
tmpdir = /r2/mysqldata
datadir = /r2/mysqldata
socket = /r2/mysqldata/mysql.sock
log-error=/r2/mysqldata/error.log
wait_timeout = 31536000
#interactive_timeout = 600
sql_mode = #sql_mode 配置为空值
#skip_name_resolve = 1
skip_name_resolve #开启dns解析
lower_case_table_names = 0
character-set-server = utf8
collation-server = utf8_unicode_ci
#skip-character-set-client-handshake #忽略客户端的字符集，使用服务器的设置
#auto_increment_increment = 1
#auto_increment_offset = 1
log_timestamps = SYSTEM
init_connect= 'SET NAMES utf8'
max_allowed_packet = 128M
######################### 性能参数 ####################
open_files_limit = 10240
max_connections = 10000
max_user_connections=9990
max_connect_errors = 100000
table_open_cache = 1024
thread_cache_size = 64
max_heap_table_size = 32M
query_cache_type = 0
###global cache ###
key_buffer_size = 64M
query_cache_size = 0
tmp_table_size = 32M #内存临时表
binlog_cache_size = 4M #二进制日志缓冲
###session cache ###
sort_buffer_size = 8M #排序缓冲
join_buffer_size = 4M #表连接缓冲
read_buffer_size = 8M #顺序读缓冲
read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M #随机读缓冲
thread_stack = 256KB #线程的堆栈的大小
######################### binlog设置 #####################
binlog_format = MIXED
log_bin = /r2/mysqldata/binlog
max_binlog_size = 1G
expire_logs_days = 3 #binlog比较占空间，注意磁盘空间
sync_binlog = 0 #重要参数必须修改为0
######################### 复制设置 ########################
log_slave_updates = 1
#replicate-do-db = test
#binlog-ignore-db = mysql
### GTID 配置 ###
gtid_mode=ON
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
#****************** 开启并行复制（从库）******************
#slave-parallel-type=LOGICAL_CLOCK #基于组提交的并行复制方式
#slave-parallel-workers=8 #并行的SQL线程数量
#master-info_repository=TABLE #master信息以表的形式保存
#relay_log_info_repository=TABLE #slave信息以表的形式保存
#relay_log_recovery=ON #relay_log自我修复
######################### innodb ##########################
default_storage_engine = InnoDB
#innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1G:autoextend
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M #系统内存50%
innodb_open_files = 5120
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2 #线上服务器必须配置为2
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 5
innodb_io_capacity = 200 #根据您的服务器IOPS能力适当调整innodb_io_capacity，配SSD盘可调整到 10000 - 20000
innodb_io_capacity_max = 20000
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
innodb_log_file_size = 2G
innodb_log_files_in_group = 2
innodb_large_prefix = 0
innodb_thread_concurrency = 64
innodb_strict_mode = OFF
innodb_sort_buffer_size = 4194304
#****************** undolog设置 ******************
#innodb_undo_directory = /r2/undolog #undolog日志目录
#innodb_undo_tablespaces = 2 #undolog日志文件个数，mysql8之后将弃用
#innodb_undo_logs = 128 #回滚段的数量， 至少大于等于35，默认128。
#innodb_max_undo_log_size = 1G #当超过这个阀值（默认是1G），会触发truncate回收（收缩）动作，truncate后空间缩小到10M。
#innodb_purge_rseg_truncate_frequency = 128 #控制回收（收缩）undolog的频率
#innodb_undo_log_truncate = 1 #即开启在线回收undolog日志文件
######################### log 设置 #####################
log_error = /r2/mysqldata/error.log
slow_query_log = 1
long_query_time = 10
slow_query_log_file = /r2/mysqldata/slow.log
#=======================================================================
# MySQL mysqldump配置
#=======================================================================
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 128M
#=======================================================================
# MySQL mysqld_safe配置
#=======================================================================
[mysqld_safe]
log_error = /r2/mysqldata/error.log
pid_file = /r2/mysqldata/mysqldb.pid