OpenXML简介和生成Excel

OpenXML是一个开放性的标准,基于熟知的技术：ZIP和XML

OpenXML SDK安装以后，要在应用程序中添加以下引用。

• DocumentFormat.OpenXml
• WindowsBase

 

SpreadsheetML是用于操作Excel文档。工作簿包含

•  工作簿部件(必须部件)
•  一张或多张工作表
•  图表
•  表
•  自定义XML

 

典型的电子表格元素如图所示

 

 

 一个简单生成Excel的例子

 public class CreateXlsx
    {
        public static void Create(string filePath, DataTable dt)
        {
            SpreadsheetDocument spreadsheetDocument = SpreadsheetDocument.Create(filePath, SpreadsheetDocumentType.Workbook);
            WorkbookPart workbookpart = spreadsheetDocument.AddWorkbookPart();
            workbookpart.Workbook = new Workbook();

            WorksheetPart worksheetpart = workbookpart.AddNewPart<WorksheetPart>();
            worksheetpart.Worksheet = new Worksheet(new SheetData());

            Sheets sheets = workbookpart.Workbook.AppendChild<Sheets>(new Sheets());
            Sheet sheet = new Sheet();
            sheet.Id = workbookpart.GetIdOfPart(worksheetpart);
            sheet.SheetId = 1;
            sheet.Name = "sheet";
            sheets.Append(sheet);

            SheetData sheetdata = worksheetpart.Worksheet.GetFirstChild<SheetData>();

            string columnName = "";
            Cell cell = null;
            for (int i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)
            {
                columnName = ConvertToChar(i + 1);
                cell = InsertCellInWorksheet(columnName, 1, sheetdata);
                cell.CellValue = new CellValue(dt.Columns[i].ColumnName);
                cell.DataType = new EnumValue<CellValues>(CellValues.String);
            }
            for (int i = 0; i < dt.Rows.Count; i++)
            {
                for (int j = 0; j < dt.Columns.Count; j++)
                {
                    columnName = ConvertToChar(j + 1);
                    cell = InsertCellInWorksheet(columnName, (uint)(i + 2), sheetdata);
                    cell.CellValue = new CellValue(dt.Rows[i][j].ToString());
                    cell.DataType = new EnumValue<CellValues>(CellValues.Number);
                }
            }

            spreadsheetDocument.Close();

        }

        private static Cell InsertCellInWorksheet(string columnName, uint rowIndex, SheetData sheetData)
        {
            string cellReference = columnName + rowIndex;

            // If the worksheet does not contain a row with the specified row index, insert one.
            Row row;
            var count = sheetData.Elements<Row>().Where(r => r.RowIndex == rowIndex).Count();
            if (sheetData.Elements<Row>().Where(r => r.RowIndex == rowIndex).Count() != 0)
            {
                row = sheetData.Elements<Row>().Where(r => r.RowIndex == rowIndex).First();
            }
            else
            {
                row = new Row() { RowIndex = rowIndex };
                sheetData.Append(row);
            }

            // If there is not a cell with the specified column name, insert one.  
            if (row.Elements<Cell>().Where(c => c.CellReference.Value == columnName + rowIndex).Count() > 0)
            {
                return row.Elements<Cell>().Where(c => c.CellReference.Value == cellReference).First();
            }
            else
            {
                // Cells must be in sequential order according to CellReference. Determine where to insert the new cell.
                Cell refCell = null;
                foreach (Cell cell in row.Elements<Cell>())
                {
                    if (string.Compare(cell.CellReference.Value, cellReference, true) > 0)
                    {
                        refCell = cell;
                        break;
                    }
                }

                Cell newCell = new Cell() { CellReference = cellReference };
                row.InsertBefore(newCell, refCell);
                return newCell;
            }
        }

        private static string ConvertToChar(int value)
        {
            string rtn = string.Empty;
            List<int> iList = new List<int>();

            //To single Int
            while (value / 26 != 0 || value % 26 != 0)
            {
                iList.Add(value % 26);
                value /= 26;
            }

            //Change 0 To 26
            for (int j = 0; j < iList.Count - 1; j++)
            {
                if (iList[j] == 0)
                {
                    iList[j + 1] -= 1;
                    iList[j] = 26;
                }
            }
            //Remove 0 at last
            if (iList[iList.Count - 1] == 0)
            {
                iList.Remove(iList[iList.Count - 1]);
            }

            //To String
            for (int j = iList.Count - 1; j >= 0; j--)
            {
                char c = (char)(iList[j] + 64);
                rtn += c.ToString();
            }

            return rtn;
        }
    }