caffe版本：https://github.com/yjxiong/caffe
使用环境：
1 CentOS release 6.6 (Final) 2 CUDA8.0 3 CuDNN6.0 4 Open MPI 3.1.3 5 OpenCV 3.1.0
CUDA8.0、CuDNN6.0、OpenCV3.1.0以及其他caffe所需要的依赖已经装好，这里仅需要安装OpenMPI3.1.3，步骤如下：
OpenMPI-3.1.3安装
1. 解压openmpi-3.1.3，进入解压后的文件夹 — openmpi3.1.3，在终端输入如下命令：
1 ./configure --prefix=/storage/student5/usr/local/openmpi --with-cuda --enable-mpi-thread-multiple 2 #--prefix后的路径未openmpi的安装路径； 3 sudo make all install 4 # make all install 加sudo，否则安装过程中可能出问题
2. 测试安装是否成功
1 cd openmpi-3.1.3/examples 2 make 3 mpirun -np 4 hello_c
Caffe安装
1. 下载caffe，将Makefile.config.example另存为Makefile.config，将其修改成以下的样子：
1 ## Refer to http://caffe.berkeleyvision.org/installation.html 2 # Contributions simplifying and improving our build system are welcome! 3 4 # cuDNN acceleration switch (uncomment to build with cuDNN). 5 USE_CUDNN := 1 6 7 # CPU-only switch (uncomment to build without GPU support). 8 # CPU_ONLY := 1 9 10 # uncomment to disable IO dependencies and corresponding data layers 11 USE_OPENCV := 1 12 USE_LEVELDB := 1 13 USE_LMDB := 1 14 15 # Uncomment if you're using OpenCV 3 16 OPENCV_VERSION := 3 17 18 # To customize your choice of compiler, uncomment and set the following. 19 # N.B. the default for Linux is g++ and the default for OSX is clang++ 20 # CUSTOM_CXX := g++ 21 22 # CUDA directory contains bin/ and lib/ directories that we need. 23 CUDA_DIR := /usr/local/cuda 24 # On Ubuntu 14.04, if cuda tools are installed via 25 # "sudo apt-get install nvidia-cuda-toolkit" then use this instead: 26 # CUDA_DIR := /usr 27 28 # CUDA architecture setting: going with all of them. 29 # For CUDA < 6.0, comment the *_50 lines for compatibility. 30 CUDA_ARCH := -gencode arch=compute_30,code=sm_30 31 -gencode arch=compute_35,code=sm_35 32 -gencode arch=compute_50,code=sm_50 33 -gencode arch=compute_50,code=compute_50 34 35 # BLAS choice: 36 # atlas for ATLAS (default) 37 # mkl for MKL 38 # open for OpenBlas 39 BLAS := atlas 40 # Custom (MKL/ATLAS/OpenBLAS) include and lib directories. 41 # Leave commented to accept the defaults for your choice of BLAS 42 # (which should work)! 43 BLAS_INCLUDE := /usr/include 44 BLAS_LIB := /usr/lib64/atlas 45 46 # Homebrew puts openblas in a directory that is not on the standard search path 47 # BLAS_INCLUDE := $(shell brew --prefix openblas)/include 48 # BLAS_LIB := $(shell brew --prefix openblas)/lib 49 50 # This is required only if you will compile the matlab interface. 51 # MATLAB directory should contain the mex binary in /bin. 52 MATLAB_DIR := /usr/local/MATLAB/R2014a 53 # MATLAB_DIR := /Applications/MATLAB_R2012b.app 54 55 # NOTE: this is required only if you will compile the python interface. 56 # We need to be able to find Python.h and numpy/arrayobject.h. 57 PYTHON_INCLUDE := /usr/include/python2.7 58 /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/core/include 59 # Anaconda Python distribution is quite popular. Include path: 60 # Verify anaconda location, sometimes it's in root. 61 # ANACONDA_HOME := $(HOME)/anaconda 62 # PYTHON_INCLUDE := $(ANACONDA_HOME)/include 63 # $(ANACONDA_HOME)/include/python2.7 64 # $(ANACONDA_HOME)/lib/python2.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include 65 66 # We need to be able to find libpythonX.X.so or .dylib. 67 PYTHON_LIB := /usr/lib 68 # PYTHON_LIB := $(ANACONDA_HOME)/lib 69 70 # Homebrew installs numpy in a non standard path (keg only) 71 # PYTHON_INCLUDE += $(dir $(shell python -c 'import numpy.core; print(numpy.core.__file__)'))/include 72 # PYTHON_LIB += $(shell brew --prefix numpy)/lib 73 74 # Uncomment to support layers written in Python (will link against Python libs) 75 WITH_PYTHON_LAYER := 1 76 77 # Whatever else you find you need goes here. 78 INCLUDE_DIRS := $(PYTHON_INCLUDE) /usr/local/include 79 LIBRARY_DIRS := $(PYTHON_LIB) /usr/local/lib /usr/lib 80 81 # If Homebrew is installed at a non standard location (for example your home directory) and you use it for general dependencies 82 # INCLUDE_DIRS += $(shell brew --prefix)/include 83 # LIBRARY_DIRS += $(shell brew --prefix)/lib 84 85 # Uncomment to use `pkg-config` to specify OpenCV library paths. 86 # (Usually not necessary -- OpenCV libraries are normally installed in one of the above $LIBRARY_DIRS.) 87 # USE_PKG_CONFIG := 1 88 89 BUILD_DIR := build 90 DISTRIBUTE_DIR := distribute 91 92 # Uncomment for debugging. Does not work on OSX due to https://github.com/BVLC/caffe/issues/171 93 # DEBUG := 1 94 95 # The ID of the GPU that 'make runtest' will use to run unit tests. 96 TEST_GPUID := 0 97 98 # enable pretty build (comment to see full commands) 99 Q ?= @
2. 在caffe目录下执行以下操作：
1 mkdir build && cd build
3. 编译caffe
如果要开启matlab接口，先修改caffe根目录下的CMakeList.txt文件line24：
1 caffe_option(BUILD_matlab "Build Matlab wrapper" OFF IF UNIX OR APPLE)
修改为：
1 caffe_option(BUILD_matlab "Build Matlab wrapper" ON IF UNIX OR APPLE)
否则在caffe/build路径下直接进行以下操作：
1 cmake -DUSE_MPI=ON -DMPI_CXX_COMPILER=/path/to/your/openmpi/bin/mpicxx .. 2 # USE_MPI=ON即表示开启Open MPI 3 # -DMPI_CXX_COMPILER后的路径一定得是Open MPI的安装路径下的bin中的mpicxx路径，在/usr/bin下也有这个mpicxx，不要错写路径了
4. 安装caffe，在caffe根目录下执行以下操作：
1 make all -j8 2 make install 3 # 我在安装过程中，make all之后就不需要再make install 4 make runtest 5 # 同参考教程中一样，有两个test未通过
5. 编译Python接口：
a. 添加环境变量：
1 gedit ~/.bashrc
b. 在其中写入：
1 export PYTHONPATH=$PYTHONPATH:/path/to/your/caffe/python
c. 使环境变量生效：
1 source ~/.bashrc
d. 在caffe根目录下：
1 make pycaffe 2 # 教程中有加sudo，但是我没有加sudo也没有影响
e. 测试Python接口，在终端输入以下命令：
1 python 2 import caffe 3 # 如果无错，则python接口编译成功
出现问题：
1. 安装caffe过程中，编译caffe时，输入以下命令出错：
1 cmake -DUSE_MPI=ON -DMPI_CXX_COMPILER=/path/to/your/openmpi/bin/mpicxx ..
问题1：
1 CMake Warning at /usr/local/opencv-3.1.0/cmake/OpenCVConfig.cmake:166 (message): 2 Found OpenCV Windows Pack but it has no binaries compatible with your 3 configuration. 4 5 You should manually point CMake variable OpenCV_DIR to your build of OpenCV 6 library. 7 Call Stack (most recent call first): 8 cmake/Dependencies.cmake:62 (find_package) 9 CMakeLists.txt:31 (include) 10 11 12 CMake Error at cmake/Dependencies.cmake:62 (find_package): 13 Found package configuration file: 14 15 /usr/local/opencv-3.1.0/cmake/OpenCVConfig.cmake 16 17 but it set OpenCV_FOUND to FALSE so package "OpenCV" is considered to be 18 NOT FOUND. 19 Call Stack (most recent call first): 20 CMakeLists.txt:31 (include) 21 22 23 -- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred! 24 See also "/storage/student5/usr/local/caffe/build/CMakeFiles/CMakeOutput.log". 25 See also "/storage/student5/usr/local/caffe/build/CMakeFiles/CMakeError.log".
解决方法：
尝试一：在CMakeList.txt文件中加入set(OpenCV_DIR /path/to/your/OpenCV/build)，该法无效；
尝试二：退回到caffe根目录，然后make clean，暂时加入如下环境变量后重新从mkdir build && cd build开始，该法有效。
1 export OpenCV_DIR=/path/to/your/opencv/build
问题2：
1 CMake Error at /usr/share/cmake/Modules/FindPackageHandleStandardArgs.cmake:108 (message): 2 Could NOT find Atlas (missing: Atlas_LAPACK_LIBRARY) 3 Call Stack (most recent call first): 4 /usr/share/cmake/Modules/FindPackageHandleStandardArgs.cmake:315 (_FPHSA_FAILURE_MESSAGE) 5 cmake/Modules/FindAtlas.cmake:43 (find_package_handle_standard_args) 6 cmake/Dependencies.cmake:74 (find_package) 7 CMakeLists.txt:31 (include)
解决方法：
尝试一：指定Atlas路径，退回到caffe根目录，然后make clean，暂时加入环境变量export Atlas_ROOT_DIR=/your/Atlas/Root，再重新从mkdir build && cd build开始，该法无效；
尝试二：退回到caffe根目录，然后make clean，重新mkdir build && cd build开始，在终端输入以下命令后继续进行，该法有效。
1 cmake -DBLAS=open .
2. 当make all -j8时，
问题1：
1 /usr/bin/ld: .build_release/examples/cpp_classification/classification.o: undefined reference to symbol '_ZN2cv6imreadERKNS_6StringEi' 2 /usr/local/lib/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.3.1: error adding symbols: DSO missing from command line 3 collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status 4 make: *** [.build_release/examples/cpp_classification/classification.bin] Error 1 5 make: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....
解决方法：由于使用的是opencv-3.x，需要链接libopencv_imgcodercs.so，在Makefile文件中，line172处做如下修改：
1 LIBRARIES += glog gflags protobuf leveldb snappy 2 lmdb boost_system hdf5_hl hdf5 m 3 opencv_core opencv_highgui opencv_imgproc
改为：
1 LIBRARIES += glog gflags protobuf leveldb snappy 2 lmdb boost_system hdf5_hl hdf5 m 3 opencv_core opencv_highgui opencv_imgproc opencv_imgcodecs
问题2：
1 nvcc warning : The 'compute_20', 'sm_20', and 'sm_21' architectures are deprecated, and may be 2 removed in a future release (Use -Wno-deprecated-gpu-targets to suppress warning).
解决方法：删除Makefile.config中的以下语句：
1 -gencode arch=compute_20,code=sm_20 2 -gencode arch=compute_20,code=sm_21
参考教程：
1. https://blog.csdn.net/whyerdiku/article/details/78842498 （Python+Matlab接口）
2. http://www.cnblogs.com/beihaidao/p/6866342.html （Python+Matlab接口）
3. https://blog.csdn.net/qq_21368481/article/details/81257265?tdsourcetag=s_pctim_aiomsg （Matlab接口）