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  • vue 数据劫持 响应式原理 Observer Dep Watcher

    1、vue响应式原理流程图概览

    2、具体流程

    (1)vue示例初始化(源码位于instance/index.js)

    import { initMixin } from './init'
    import { stateMixin } from './state'
    import { renderMixin } from './render'
    import { eventsMixin } from './events'
    import { lifecycleMixin } from './lifecycle'
    import { warn } from '../util/index'
    
    function Vue (options) {
      if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' &&
        !(this instanceof Vue)
      ) {
        warn('Vue is a constructor and should be called with the `new` keyword')
      }
      this._init(options)
    }
    
    initMixin(Vue)
    stateMixin(Vue)
    eventsMixin(Vue)
    lifecycleMixin(Vue)
    renderMixin(Vue)
    
    export default Vue

    响应式相关的是“stateMixin”。

    (2)、state.js(源码位于instance/state.js)

    与响应式有关的是:

    function initData (vm: Component) {
      let data = vm.$options.data
      data = vm._data = typeof data === 'function'
        ? getData(data, vm)
        : data || {}
      if (!isPlainObject(data)) {
        data = {}
        process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && warn(
          'data functions should return an object:
    ' +
          'https://vuejs.org/v2/guide/components.html#data-Must-Be-a-Function',
          vm
        )
      }
      // proxy data on instance
      const keys = Object.keys(data)
      const props = vm.$options.props
      const methods = vm.$options.methods
      let i = keys.length
      while (i--) {
        const key = keys[i]
        if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
          if (methods && hasOwn(methods, key)) {
            warn(
              `Method "${key}" has already been defined as a data property.`,
              vm
            )
          }
        }
        if (props && hasOwn(props, key)) {
          process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && warn(
            `The data property "${key}" is already declared as a prop. ` +
            `Use prop default value instead.`,
            vm
          )
        } else if (!isReserved(key)) {
          proxy(vm, `_data`, key)
        }
      }
      // observe data
      observe(data, true /* asRootData */)
    }

    在initData中实现了2个功能:

    (2).1 将data中的对象代理(proxy)到_data

    说明proxy函数也是使用的Object.defineProperty,

    export function proxy (target: Object, sourceKey: string, key: string) {
      sharedPropertyDefinition.get = function proxyGetter () {
        return this[sourceKey][key]
      }
      sharedPropertyDefinition.set = function proxySetter (val) {
        this[sourceKey][key] = val
      }
      Object.defineProperty(target, key, sharedPropertyDefinition)
    }

    也就是说vm._data.变量都是响应式数据(即vm.变量)

    (2).2 将data中的数据变为响应式数据,即

    // observe data
      observe(data, true /* asRootData */)

     

    (3)observe类

    第(2)步的observe函数:

    export function observe (value: any, asRootData: ?boolean): Observer | void {
      if (!isObject(value) || value instanceof VNode) {
        return
      }
      let ob: Observer | void
      if (hasOwn(value, '__ob__') && value.__ob__ instanceof Observer) {
        ob = value.__ob__
      } else if (
        shouldObserve &&
        !isServerRendering() &&
        (Array.isArray(value) || isPlainObject(value)) &&
        Object.isExtensible(value) &&
        !value._isVue
      ) {
        ob = new Observer(value)
      }
      if (asRootData && ob) {
        ob.vmCount++
      }
      return ob
    }

    调用了Observer类:

    现在看Observer的构造函数和walk方法:

    constructor (value: any) {
        this.value = value
        this.dep = new Dep()
        this.vmCount = 0
        def(value, '__ob__', this)
        if (Array.isArray(value)) {
          const augment = hasProto
            ? protoAugment
            : copyAugment
          augment(value, arrayMethods, arrayKeys)
          this.observeArray(value)
        } else {
          this.walk(value)
        }
      }
    
      /**
       * Walk through each property and convert them into
       * getter/setters. This method should only be called when
       * value type is Object.
       */
      walk (obj: Object) {
        const keys = Object.keys(obj)
        for (let i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
          defineReactive(obj, keys[i])
        }
      }

    需要说明的是,并不是data中的所有数据都会变成响应式的。

    请看例子:

    new Vue({
        template: 
            `<div>
                <span>text1:</span> {{text1}}
                <span>text2:</span> {{text2}}
            <div>`,
        data: {
            text1: 'text1',
            text2: 'text2',
            text3: 'text3'
        }
    });

    data中text3并没有被模板实际用到,为了提高代码执行效率,我们没有必要对其进行响应式处理,因此,依赖收集简单点理解就是收集只在实际页面中用到的data数据,即text1和text2

    2019.3.8 修正

    上面的defineReactive方法将数据变为响应式,核心代码:
    Object.defineProperty(obj, key, {
        enumerable: true,
        configurable: true,
        get: function reactiveGetter () {
          const value = getter ? getter.call(obj) : val
          if (Dep.target) {
            dep.depend()
            if (childOb) {
              childOb.dep.depend()
              if (Array.isArray(value)) {
                dependArray(value)
              }
            }
          }
          return value
        },
        set: function reactiveSetter (newVal) {
          const value = getter ? getter.call(obj) : val
          /* eslint-disable no-self-compare */
          if (newVal === value || (newVal !== newVal && value !== value)) {
            return
          }
          /* eslint-enable no-self-compare */
          if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && customSetter) {
            customSetter()
          }
          if (setter) {
            setter.call(obj, newVal)
          } else {
            val = newVal
          }
          childOb = !shallow && observe(newVal)
          dep.notify()
        }

    defineReactive函数中会用到Dep类来收集依赖(dep.depend())以及当数据变化时触发更新(dep.notify())。

    (4)Dep类

    export default class Dep {
      static target: ?Watcher;
      id: number;
      subs: Array<Watcher>;
    
      constructor () {
        this.id = uid++
        this.subs = []
      }
    
      addSub (sub: Watcher) {
        this.subs.push(sub)
      }
    
      removeSub (sub: Watcher) {
        remove(this.subs, sub)
      }
    
      depend () {
        if (Dep.target) {
          Dep.target.addDep(this)
        }
      }
    
      notify () {
        // stabilize the subscriber list first
        const subs = this.subs.slice()
        if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && !config.async) {
          // subs aren't sorted in scheduler if not running async
          // we need to sort them now to make sure they fire in correct
          // order
          subs.sort((a, b) => a.id - b.id)
        }
        for (let i = 0, l = subs.length; i < l; i++) {
          subs[i].update()
        }
      }
    }

    Dep类的构造函数中的subs是Watcher(观察者)类。vue实例中data的一个值,可以添加多个Watcher,同时这个值变化的时候也是触发这多个Watcher的更新。

    (5)Watcher类

    Watcher类主要用来收集依赖和触发更新。

    Watcher类也是实现了$watch(),即:https://cn.vuejs.org/v2/api/#watch

    (6)Observer、Dep和Watcher类关系

    Observer类是书店(vue实例的data对象),里面有好多书(Dep类),每本书可以被订阅(Watcher类)。

    当某一本书更新时,订阅的Watcher类会收到通知,进而更新书店内容(vue实例的data对象)。

    Dep类是Observer类和Watcher类链接的桥梁。

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/mengfangui/p/9989414.html
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