python基础（一）

一、python格式化输出

__author__ = 'meng'

name = input("name:")
age = int(input("age:"))
job = input("job:")
salary = input("salary:")

info = '''
--------- info of %s -------
Name:%s
Age:%d
Job:%s
Salary:%s
''' %(name,name,age,job,salary)
print (info)

info2 ='''
--------- info of {_name} --------
Name:{_name}
Age:{_age}
Job:{_job}
Salary:{_salary}
'''.format(_name=name,
           _age=age,
           _job=job,
           _salary=salary)
print (info2)

　　

 while循环语句，continue,break解析

while循环，判断条件一直为True,当判断条件为flase,循环结束。

continue跳出当前循环，继续执行下一次循环。

break跳出整个循环。

三级菜单实例

__author__ = 'meng'

data = {
    "北京":{"昌平":{"沙河":["oldboy","test"],
                    "天通苑":["链家地产","我爱我家"]
                },
            "朝阳":{"望京":["国贸","东直门"],
                    "国贸":["CICC","HP"],
                  "东直门":["Advent","飞信"]
                  },
            "海淀":{},
          },
    "山东":{"德州":{},
            "青岛":{},
            "济南":{},
          },
    "广东":{"东莞":{},
            "常熟":{},
            "佛山":{},
          }
}

exit_flag = False
while not exit_flag:
    for i in data:
        print (i)

    choice = input("选择进入1>>>:")
    if choice in data:
        while not exit_flag:
            for i2 in data[choice]:
                print ("	",i2)
            choice2 = input("选择进入2>>>:")
            if choice2 in data[choice]:
                while not exit_flag:
                    for i3 in data[choice][choice2]:
                        print ("		",i3)
                    choice3 = input("选择进入3>>>:")
                    if choice3 in data[choice][choice2]:
                        for i4 in data[choice][choice2][choice3]:
                            print ("			",i4)
                        choice4 = input("最后一层，按 b 返回>>:")
                        if choice4 == "b":
                            pass
                        elif choice4 == "q":
                            exit_flag = True
                    if choice3 == "b":
                        break
                    elif choice3 == "q":
                        exit_flag = True

            if choice2 == "b":
                break
            elif choice2 == "q":
                 exit_flag = True

　用函数实现　

__author__ = 'meng'
#!coding:utf-8
data = {
    "北京":{"昌平":{"沙河":["oldboy","test"],
                    "天通苑":["链家地产","我爱我家"]
                },
            "朝阳":{"望京":["国贸","东直门"],
                    "国贸":["CICC","HP"],
                  "东直门":["Advent","飞信"]
                  },
            "海淀":{},
          },
    "河南":{"漯河":{"召陵区":["许慎墓","贾湖遗址"],
                    "郾城区":["漯河四高","小商桥"]},
            "郑州":{"二七区":["二七纪念塔","二七广场"],
                    "中原区":["金水河","索河"]},
            "洛阳":{"老城区":["龙门石窟","牡丹花"]},
          },
    "广东":{"东莞":{},
            "常熟":{},
            "佛山":{},
          }
}
dic_key = {}

def menmus_1(): #一级菜单
    print ('--------------- 一级菜单 ------------------')
    for i,k in enumerate(data,1):   # 遍历一级菜单,打印一级菜单的下标
        print(i,k)
        dic_key[str(i)] = k  #key不存在，创建一个key-value
    choose = input('输入序号选择一级菜单，输入B返回上一级菜单，输入Q直接退出！>>>').strip()
    if choose == 'b':
        print ('这是一级菜单不能返回上一级，')
    elif choose == 'q':
        exit()
    elif dic_key.get(choose):
        menmus_2(dic_key[choose])
    else:
        print ('输入错误，请尝试在输入一次')

def menmus_2(choose_1): #二级菜单
    print ('-------------- 二级菜单 ------------------')
    for i,k in enumerate(data[choose_1],1):
        print (i,k)
        dic_key[str(i)] = k
    choose_2 = input('输入序号选择二级菜单，输入B返回上一级菜单，输Ｑ直接退出！>>>').strip()
    if choose_1 == 'b':
        menmus_1()
    elif choose_1 == 'q':
        exit()
    elif dic_key.get(choose_2):
        menmus_3(choose_1,dic_key[choose_2])
    else:
        print ('输入错误，请尝试在输入一次')
def menmus_3(choose_1,choose_2): #三级菜单
    print ('-------------- 三级菜单 ------------------')
    for i,k in enumerate(data[choose_1][choose_2],1):
        print (i,k)
        dic_key[str(i)] = k
    choose_3 = input('输入序号选择三级菜单，输入B返回上一级菜单，输Ｑ直接退出！>>>').strip()
    if choose_3 == 'b':
        menmus_2(choose_1)
    elif choose_3 == 'q':
        exit()
    elif dic_key.get(choose_3):
        menmus_4(choose_1,choose_2,dic_key[choose_3])
    else:
        print ('输入错误，请尝试在输入一次')
def menmus_4(choose_1,choose_2,choose_3):
    for i ,k in enumerate(data[choose_1][choose_2][choose_3],1):
        print (i,k)


while True:
    menmus_1()