Android中使用addr2line来分析出错信息

在Android的开发过程中有会有很多的bug，利用工具可以很好的帮忙我们来分析问题，特别是一些系统报错的信息中会打印出堆栈，我们可以根据这个堆栈报错信息定位是哪个文件哪行代码出的错。下面就把我使用addr2line的过程记录下来

首先是在电脑上编译出一个eng版本，烧录到手机，在测试或调试的过程中出错了，查看出错信息如下：

01-23 11:45:38.782 D/AEE/AED (10995): coredump_socket_create: 10905
01-23 11:45:38.783 I/AEE/AED (10995): $** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** Exception *** *** *** *** *** *** *** **$
01-23 11:45:38.783 I/AEE/AED (10995): Build Info: 'L0:ALPS.L0.MP6.V3_GIONEE6752.LWT.L:MT6752:S01,GiONEE/GN9006/GN9006:5.0/LRX21M/1421905945:eng/release-keys'
01-23 11:45:38.784 I/AEE/AED (10995): Flavor Info: 'None'
01-23 11:45:38.784 I/AEE/AED (10995): Exception Log Time:[Fri Jan 23 11:45:38 CST 2015] [65998.900000]
01-23 11:45:38.784 I/AEE/AED (10995): 
01-23 11:45:38.785 I/AEE/AED (10995): Exception Class: Native (NE)
01-23 11:45:38.785 I/AEE/AED (10995): Exception Type: SIGSEGV
01-23 11:45:38.785 I/AEE/AED (10995): 
01-23 11:45:38.785 I/AEE/AED (10995): Current Executing Process: 
01-23 11:45:38.785 I/AEE/AED (10995):   pid: 10905, tid: 10944
01-23 11:45:38.785 I/AEE/AED (10995):   com.gionee.gallery
01-23 11:45:38.785 I/AEE/AED (10995): 
01-23 11:45:38.786 I/AEE/AED (10995): Backtrace: 
01-23 11:45:38.786 I/AEE/AED (10995):     #00 pc 0000b23c  /system/lib/libz.so (inflate+712)
01-23 11:45:38.786 I/AEE/AED (10995):     #01 pc 000187e3  /system/lib/libpng.so (png_read_IDAT_data+210)
01-23 11:45:38.786 I/AEE/AED (10995):     #02 pc 0000d965  /system/lib/libpng.so (png_read_row+288)
01-23 11:45:38.786 I/AEE/AED (10995):     #03 pc 0000db7d  /system/lib/libpng.so (png_read_rows+56)
01-23 11:45:38.786 I/AEE/AED (10995):     #04 pc 001d9aec  /system/lib/libskia.so (SkPNGImageDecoder::onDecodeSubset(SkBitmap*, SkIRect const&)+2412)
01-23 11:45:38.786 I/AEE/AED (10995):     #05 pc 001cf1dc  /system/lib/libskia.so (SkImageDecoder::decodeSubset(SkBitmap*, SkIRect const&, SkColorType, int, void*)+108)
01-23 11:45:38.786 I/AEE/AED (10995):     #06 pc 00095107  /system/lib/libandroid_runtime.so
01-23 11:45:38.786 I/AEE/AED (10995):     #07 pc 000178f9  /data/dalvik-cache/arm/system@framework@boot.oat
01-23 11:45:38.786 I/AEE/AED (10995): 
01-23 11:45:38.786 I/AEE/AED (10995): $** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** Exception *** *** *** *** *** *** *** **$
01-23 11:45:38.786 D/AEE/AED (10995): aed_report_dumpstate: filepath /sdcard/mtklog/aee_exp/temp/db.LjXvBw, pid 10905, tid 10944, exp_class 1, db_opt 0

如果想查找这行

#01 pc 000187e3 /system/lib/libpng.so (png_read_IDAT_data+210)

出错代码信息可以在电脑上（在你编译系统的android目录）查找：libpng.so

查找结果如下

dzt@dzt-All-Series:~/D/dzt/workarea/7501_mp_l/android_mtk_l6752_lwt_mp$ find -name libpng.so
./out/target/product/gionee6752_lwt_l/obj_arm/lib/libpng.so
./out/target/product/gionee6752_lwt_l/obj_arm/SHARED_LIBRARIES/libpng_intermediates/LINKED/libpng.so
./out/target/product/gionee6752_lwt_l/obj/lib/libpng.so
./out/target/product/gionee6752_lwt_l/obj/SHARED_LIBRARIES/libpng_intermediates/LINKED/libpng.so
./out/target/product/gionee6752_lwt_l/symbols/system/lib/libpng.so
./out/target/product/gionee6752_lwt_l/symbols/system/lib64/libpng.so
./out/target/product/gionee6752_lwt_l/system/lib/libpng.so
./out/target/product/gionee6752_lwt_l/system/lib64/libpng.so
./out/target/product/gionee_backup/symbols/system/lib/libpng.so
./out/target/product/gionee_backup/symbols/system/lib64/libpng.so
dzt@dzt-All-Series:~/D/dzt/workarea/7501_mp_l/android_mtk_l6752_lwt_mp$ 

有用的信息是这两行，带有symbols字样的

./out/target/product/gionee6752_lwt_l/symbols/system/lib/libpng.so
./out/target/product/gionee6752_lwt_l/symbols/system/lib64/libpng.so

这样就可以使用addr2line来查找出错的文件行数，有一点需要注意，你烧录到手机上的版本和你电脑上的版本要一致，这个数据才是准确的。

dzt@dzt-All-Series:~/D/dzt/workarea/7501_mp_l/android_mtk_l6752_lwt_mp$ addr2line -e ./out/target/product/gionee6752_lwt_l/symbols/system/lib/libpng.so 000187e3
/home/dzt/D/dzt/workarea/7501_mp_l/android_mtk_l6752_lwt_mp/external/libpng/pngrutil.c:3995
dzt@dzt-All-Series:~/D/dzt/workarea/7501_mp_l/android_mtk_l6752_lwt_mp$ addr2line -e ./out/target/product/gionee6752_lwt_l/symbols/system/lib64/libpng.so 000187e3
/home/dzt/D/dzt/workarea/7501_mp_l/android_mtk_l6752_lwt_mp/external/libpng/pngrtran.c:105
dzt@dzt-All-Series:~/D/dzt/workarea/7501_mp_l/android_mtk_l6752_lwt_mp$ 

如果找到对应的行数就会输出这样的结果

dzt@dzt-All-Series:~/D/dzt/workarea/7501_mp_l/android_mtk_l6752_lwt_mp$ addr2line -e ./out/target/product/gionee6752_lwt_l/system/lib/libpng.so 000187e3
??:0
dzt@dzt-All-Series:~/D/dzt/workarea/7501_mp_l/android_mtk_l6752_lwt_mp$ 

这样你就能通过打印的堆栈信息来查找出错的那行代码，更有利于我们定位问题。

这里介绍一种打印堆栈的方法

打开调用栈的方法，在认为会出错的地方自己抛出一个空指针的异常抓获再打印出堆栈
public void setSpeakerphoneOn(boolean on){
    IAudioService service = getService();
    try {
        throw new NullPointerException("the debug exception for speaker");
        service.setSpeakerphoneOn(on);
    } catch (RemoteException e) {
        Log.e(TAG, "Dead object in setSpeakerphoneOn", e);
    } catch (NullPointerException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}