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  • ScheduledExecutorService的两种方法

    开发中,往往遇到另起线程执行其他代码的情况,用java定时任务接口ScheduledExecutorService来实现。

    ScheduledExecutorService是基于线程池设计的定时任务类,每个调度任务都会分配到线程池中的一个线程去执行,也就是说,任务是并发执行,互不影响。

    注意,只有当调度任务来的时候,ScheduledExecutorService才会真正启动一个线程,其余时间ScheduledExecutorService都是处于轮询任务的状态。

    1.scheduleAtFixedRate方法

    例子:

    import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
    import java.util.Date;
    import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
    import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
    import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
    
    public class ScheduleAtFixedRateDemo {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            ScheduledExecutorService executorService = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1);
            SimpleDateFormat df = 
                    new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");//设置日期格式
            
            executorService.scheduleAtFixedRate(new Runnable(){
    
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    System.out.println("++++++++++++++++++++thread:" + df.format(new Date()));
                }
                
            }, 2, 3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
            System.out.println("++++++++++++++++++++main:" + df.format(new Date()));
        }
    }

    运行结果:

    ++++++++++++++++++++main:2017-10-20 15:20:52
    ++++++++++++++++++++thread:2017-10-20 15:20:54
    ++++++++++++++++++++thread:2017-10-20 15:20:57
    ++++++++++++++++++++thread:2017-10-20 15:21:00
    ++++++++++++++++++++thread:2017-10-20 15:21:03
    ++++++++++++++++++++thread:2017-10-20 15:21:06

    可以看出来,在2s后,子线程开始执行,并且每过3s轮询执行一次。

    2.scheduleWithFixedDelay方法

    例子:

    import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
    import java.util.Date;
    import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
    import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
    import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
    
    /**
     * ScheduleWithFixedDelay的用法
     * @author Administrator
     *
     */
    public class ScheduleWithFixedDelayDemo {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            ScheduledExecutorService executorService = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1);
            SimpleDateFormat df = 
                new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");//设置日期格式
            
            executorService.scheduleWithFixedDelay(new Runnable(){
                @Override
                public void run() {    
                    System.out.println("++++++++++++++++++++thread:" + df.format(new Date()));
                }
                
            }, 2, 3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
            
            System.out.println("++++++++++++++++++++main:" + df.format(new Date()));
        }
    }

    运行结果:

    ++++++++++++++++++++main:2017-10-20 15:24:32
    ++++++++++++++++++++thread:2017-10-20 15:24:34
    ++++++++++++++++++++thread:2017-10-20 15:24:37
    ++++++++++++++++++++thread:2017-10-20 15:24:40
    ++++++++++++++++++++thread:2017-10-20 15:24:43

    3.两个区别

    ScheduleAtFixedRate每次执行时间为上一次任务开始起向后推一个时间间隔,即每次执行时间为initialDelay,initialDelay+period,initialDelay+2*period。。。。。

    ScheduleWithFixedDelay每次执行时间为上一次任务结束起向后推一个时间间隔,即每次执行时间为:initialDelay,initialDelay+executeTime+delay,initialDelay+2*executeTime+2*delay。。。。。

    由此可见,ScheduleAtFixedRate是基于固定时间间隔进行任务调度,ScheduleWithFixedDelay取决于每次任务执行的时间长短,是基于不固定时间间隔进行任务调度。

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/miantiaoandrew/p/7699833.html
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