每日日报9——软件设计⑤|建造者模式（计算机组装）

一、建造者模式

https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%BB%BA%E9%80%A0%E8%80%85%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%8F/3229729?fr=aladdin

二、版本

（一）C++版本：

① 类图：

② 效果：

③ 代码：

main.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <list>
using namespace std;

//产品类，一般有多个部件构成
class Computer
{
public:
    //函数功能：给电脑选择一个配件
    //参数：    string componentName[IN]                   -- 配件名称
    //返回值：  无
    void Select(string componentName)
    {
        this->m_ComponentsList.push_back(componentName);
    }

    //函数功能：显示电脑配件清单
    //参数：    无
    //返回值：  无
    void ShowComponets()
    {
        cout << "该款电脑配置清单如下：" << endl;
        list<string>::iterator iter;
        for (iter = this->m_ComponentsList.begin(); iter != this->m_ComponentsList.end(); ++iter)
        {
            cout << *iter << endl;
        }
    }
private:
    list<string> m_ComponentsList;                 //电脑配件列表
};

//建造者类
class Abstract_Builder
{
public:
    virtual void BuildCpu() = 0;                  //抽象CPU构建函数
    virtual void BuildMemory() = 0;               //抽象内存构建函数
    virtual void BuildHD() = 0;                   //抽象硬盘构建函数
    virtual void BuildHost() = 0;               //抽象主机构建函数
    virtual void BuildVideoCard() = 0;            //抽线显卡构建函数

    virtual Computer GetComputer() = 0;            //抽象获取产品函数
};

//具体建造者类1，用于构建笔记本电脑
class NotebookComputerBuilder :public Abstract_Builder
{
public:
    void BuildCpu()                             //具体CPU构建函数
    {
        this->m_Computer.Select("笔记本电脑CPU");
    }

    void BuildMemory()                           //具体内存构建函数
    {
        this->m_Computer.Select("笔记本电脑内存");
    }

    void BuildHD()                           //具体硬盘构建函数
    {
        this->m_Computer.Select("笔记本电脑硬盘");
    }

    void BuildHost()                           //具体主机构建函数
    {
        this->m_Computer.Select("笔记本电脑主机");
    }

    void BuildVideoCard()                      //具体显卡构建函数
    {
        this->m_Computer.Select("笔记本电脑显卡");
    }

    Computer GetComputer()                      //具体获取产品函数
    {
        return this->m_Computer;
    }
private:
    Computer m_Computer;                        //产品对象
};


//具体建造者类1，用于构建台式机电脑
class DesktopComputerBuilder :public Abstract_Builder
{
public:
    void BuildCpu()                             //具体CPU构建函数
    {
        this->m_Computer.Select("台式机电脑CPU");
    }

    void BuildMemory()                           //具体内存构建函数
    {
        this->m_Computer.Select("台式机电脑内存");
    }

    void BuildHD()                           //具体硬盘构建函数
    {
        this->m_Computer.Select("台式机电脑硬盘");
    }

    void BuildHost()                           //具体主机构建函数
    {
        this->m_Computer.Select("台式机电脑主机");
    }

    void BuildVideoCard()                      //具体显卡构建函数
    {
        this->m_Computer.Select("台式机电脑显卡");
    }

    Computer GetComputer()                      //具体获取产品函数
    {
        return this->m_Computer;
    }
private:
    Computer m_Computer;                        //产品对象
};

//指挥者类，用来指挥构建的过程
class Assember
{
public:
    //函数功能：组装电脑
    //参数：    Abstract_Builder builder[IN]                  -- 构建者
    //返回值：  无
    void Assembly(Abstract_Builder* builder)
    {
        builder->BuildCpu();
        builder->BuildMemory();
        builder->BuildHD();
        builder->BuildHost();
        builder->BuildVideoCard();
    }
};

int main()
{
    Assember pcAssember;

    //组装笔记本电脑
    cout << "--开始组装笔记本电脑--" << endl;

    //组装游戏电脑
    Abstract_Builder* pBuilder1 = new NotebookComputerBuilder();
    if (NULL != pBuilder1)
    {
        pcAssember.Assembly(pBuilder1);

        Computer pc = pBuilder1->GetComputer();
        pc.ShowComponets();

        delete pBuilder1;
        pBuilder1 = NULL;
    }
    cout << "组装成功！" << endl;

    //组装台式机电脑
    cout << "--开始组装台式机电脑--" << endl;

    Abstract_Builder* pBuilder2 = new DesktopComputerBuilder();
    if (NULL != pBuilder2)
    {
        pcAssember.Assembly(pBuilder2);

        Computer pc = pBuilder2->GetComputer();
        pc.ShowComponets();

        delete pBuilder2;
        pBuilder2 = NULL;
    }
    cout << "组装成功！" << endl;

    getchar();
    return 0;
}

参考链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u014337397/article/details/80385647

（二）Java版本

①类图：

②效果图：

③目录结构：

④代码：

Builder.java

package assembly;

public abstract class Builder {
    // 组装CPU
    public abstract Builder buildCPU(String cpu);

    // 组装显示器
    public abstract Builder buildDisplay(String display);

    // 组装内存
    public abstract Builder buildMemory(String memory);

    // 组装硬盘
    public abstract Builder buildHD(String HD);

    //组装主机
    public abstract Builder buildHost(String host);
    
    // 完成组装
    public abstract Computer create();
}

Computer.java

package assembly;

public abstract class Computer {
    private String mCPU;
    private String mDisplay;
    private String mMemory;
    private String mHD;
    private String mHost;

    // 配置CPU
    public void setmCPU(String mCPU) {
        this.mCPU = mCPU;
    }

    // 配置显示器
    public void setmDisplay(String mDisplay) {
        this.mDisplay = mDisplay;
    }

    // 配置内存
    public void setmMemory(String mMemory) {
        this.mMemory = mMemory;
    }

    // 配置硬盘
    public void setmHD(String mHD) {
        this.mHD = mHD;
    }

    // 配置主机
    public void setmHost(String mHost) {
        this.mHost = mHost;
    }

    public String listHardware() {
        return mCPU + '
' + mDisplay + '
' + mMemory + '
' + mHD + '
' + mHost;
    }
}

Main.java

package assembly;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //初始化建造器
        Builder builer = new MyComputerBuilder();
        //需要的配置为Intel CPU，AOC显示器，8G内存
        Computer computer = builer.buildCPU("组装CPU成功").buildDisplay("组装显示器成功").buildMemory("组装内存成功").buildHD("组装硬盘成功").buildHost("组装主机成功").create();
        System.out.println(computer.listHardware()+'
'+"组装完成！");
    }
}

MyComputer.java

package assembly;

public class MyComputer extends Computer {
    protected MyComputer() {
    };
}

MyComputerBuilder.java

package assembly;

public class MyComputerBuilder extends Builder {
    private Computer mComputer = new MyComputer();

    @Override
    public Builder buildCPU(String cpu) {
        mComputer.setmCPU(cpu);
        return this;
    }

    @Override
    public Builder buildDisplay(String display) {
        mComputer.setmDisplay(display);
        return this;
    }

    @Override
    public Builder buildMemory(String memory) {
        mComputer.setmMemory(memory);
        return this;
    }

    @Override
    public Builder buildHD(String HD) {
        mComputer.setmHD(HD);
        return this;
    }

    @Override
    public Builder buildHost(String host) {
        mComputer.setmHost(host);
        return this;
    }

    @Override
    public Computer create() {
        return mComputer;
    }

}