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mysql 数据操作单表查询查询排序: order by

如果不指定排序默认是按照id字段从小到大排序的升序

mysql> select * from employee;
+----+------------+--------+-----+------------+-----------+--------------+------------+--------+-----------+
| id | name       | sex    | age | hire_date  | post      | post_comment | salary     | office | depart_id |
+----+------------+--------+-----+------------+-----------+--------------+------------+--------+-----------+
|  1 | alex       | male   |  78 | 2015-03-02 | teacher   | NULL         | 1000000.31 |    401 |         1 |
|  2 | yuanhao    | male   |  73 | 2014-07-01 | teacher   | NULL         |    3500.00 |    401 |         1 |
|  3 | liwenzhou  | male   |  28 | 2012-11-01 | teacher   | NULL         |    2100.00 |    401 |         1 |
|  4 | jingliyang | female |  18 | 2011-02-11 | teacher   | NULL         |    9000.00 |    401 |         1 |
|  5 | jinxin     | male   |  18 | 1900-03-01 | teacher   | NULL         |   30000.00 |    401 |         1 |
|  6 | 成龙       | male   |  48 | 2010-11-11 | teacher   | NULL         |   10000.00 |    401 |         1 |
|  7 | 歪歪       | female |  48 | 2015-03-11 | sale      | NULL         |    3000.13 |    402 |         2 |
|  8 | 丫丫       | female |  38 | 2010-11-01 | sale      | NULL         |    2000.35 |    402 |         2 |
|  9 | 丁丁       | female |  18 | 2011-03-12 | sale      | NULL         |    1000.37 |    402 |         2 |
| 10 | 星星       | female |  18 | 2016-05-13 | sale      | NULL         |    3000.29 |    402 |         2 |
| 11 | 格格       | female |  28 | 2017-01-27 | sale      | NULL         |    4000.33 |    402 |         2 |
| 12 | 张野       | male   |  28 | 2016-03-11 | operation | NULL         |   10000.13 |    403 |         3 |
| 13 | 程咬金     | male   |  18 | 1997-03-12 | operation | NULL         |   20000.00 |    403 |         3 |
| 14 | 程咬银     | female |  18 | 2013-03-11 | operation | NULL         |   19000.00 |    403 |         3 |
| 15 | 程咬铜     | male   |  18 | 2015-04-11 | operation | NULL         |   18000.00 |    403 |         3 |
| 16 | 程咬铁     | female |  18 | 2014-05-12 | operation | NULL         |   17000.00 |    403 |         3 |
+----+------------+--------+-----+------------+-----------+--------------+------------+--------+-----------+
16 rows in set (0.10 sec)

order by 不指定 asc 默认就是升序

需求按照年龄从小到大排序升序

asc 是升序

mysql> select * from employee order by age asc;
+----+------------+--------+-----+------------+-----------+--------------+------------+--------+-----------+
| id | name       | sex    | age | hire_date  | post      | post_comment | salary     | office | depart_id |
+----+------------+--------+-----+------------+-----------+--------------+------------+--------+-----------+
| 16 | 程咬铁     | female |  18 | 2014-05-12 | operation | NULL         |   17000.00 |    403 |         3 |
| 15 | 程咬铜     | male   |  18 | 2015-04-11 | operation | NULL         |   18000.00 |    403 |         3 |
| 14 | 程咬银     | female |  18 | 2013-03-11 | operation | NULL         |   19000.00 |    403 |         3 |
| 13 | 程咬金     | male   |  18 | 1997-03-12 | operation | NULL         |   20000.00 |    403 |         3 |
| 10 | 星星       | female |  18 | 2016-05-13 | sale      | NULL         |    3000.29 |    402 |         2 |
|  9 | 丁丁       | female |  18 | 2011-03-12 | sale      | NULL         |    1000.37 |    402 |         2 |
|  5 | jinxin     | male   |  18 | 1900-03-01 | teacher   | NULL         |   30000.00 |    401 |         1 |
|  4 | jingliyang | female |  18 | 2011-02-11 | teacher   | NULL         |    9000.00 |    401 |         1 |
| 12 | 张野       | male   |  28 | 2016-03-11 | operation | NULL         |   10000.13 |    403 |         3 |
|  3 | liwenzhou  | male   |  28 | 2012-11-01 | teacher   | NULL         |    2100.00 |    401 |         1 |
| 11 | 格格       | female |  28 | 2017-01-27 | sale      | NULL         |    4000.33 |    402 |         2 |
|  8 | 丫丫       | female |  38 | 2010-11-01 | sale      | NULL         |    2000.35 |    402 |         2 |
|  7 | 歪歪       | female |  48 | 2015-03-11 | sale      | NULL         |    3000.13 |    402 |         2 |
|  6 | 成龙       | male   |  48 | 2010-11-11 | teacher   | NULL         |   10000.00 |    401 |         1 |
|  2 | yuanhao    | male   |  73 | 2014-07-01 | teacher   | NULL         |    3500.00 |    401 |         1 |
|  1 | alex       | male   |  78 | 2015-03-02 | teacher   | NULL         | 1000000.31 |    401 |         1 |
+----+------------+--------+-----+------------+-----------+--------------+------------+--------+-----------+
16 rows in set (0.00 sec)

不加asc

mysql> select * from employee order by age ;
+----+------------+--------+-----+------------+-----------+--------------+------------+--------+-----------+
| id | name       | sex    | age | hire_date  | post      | post_comment | salary     | office | depart_id |
+----+------------+--------+-----+------------+-----------+--------------+------------+--------+-----------+
| 16 | 程咬铁     | female |  18 | 2014-05-12 | operation | NULL         |   17000.00 |    403 |         3 |
| 15 | 程咬铜     | male   |  18 | 2015-04-11 | operation | NULL         |   18000.00 |    403 |         3 |
| 14 | 程咬银     | female |  18 | 2013-03-11 | operation | NULL         |   19000.00 |    403 |         3 |
| 13 | 程咬金     | male   |  18 | 1997-03-12 | operation | NULL         |   20000.00 |    403 |         3 |
| 10 | 星星       | female |  18 | 2016-05-13 | sale      | NULL         |    3000.29 |    402 |         2 |
|  9 | 丁丁       | female |  18 | 2011-03-12 | sale      | NULL         |    1000.37 |    402 |         2 |
|  5 | jinxin     | male   |  18 | 1900-03-01 | teacher   | NULL         |   30000.00 |    401 |         1 |
|  4 | jingliyang | female |  18 | 2011-02-11 | teacher   | NULL         |    9000.00 |    401 |         1 |
| 12 | 张野       | male   |  28 | 2016-03-11 | operation | NULL         |   10000.13 |    403 |         3 |
|  3 | liwenzhou  | male   |  28 | 2012-11-01 | teacher   | NULL         |    2100.00 |    401 |         1 |
| 11 | 格格       | female |  28 | 2017-01-27 | sale      | NULL         |    4000.33 |    402 |         2 |
|  8 | 丫丫       | female |  38 | 2010-11-01 | sale      | NULL         |    2000.35 |    402 |         2 |
|  7 | 歪歪       | female |  48 | 2015-03-11 | sale      | NULL         |    3000.13 |    402 |         2 |
|  6 | 成龙       | male   |  48 | 2010-11-11 | teacher   | NULL         |   10000.00 |    401 |         1 |
|  2 | yuanhao    | male   |  73 | 2014-07-01 | teacher   | NULL         |    3500.00 |    401 |         1 |
|  1 | alex       | male   |  78 | 2015-03-02 | teacher   | NULL         | 1000000.31 |    401 |         1 |
+----+------------+--------+-----+------------+-----------+--------------+------------+--------+-----------+
16 rows in set (0.00 sec)

降序 desc

mysql> select * from employee order by age desc;
+----+------------+--------+-----+------------+-----------+--------------+------------+--------+-----------+
| id | name       | sex    | age | hire_date  | post      | post_comment | salary     | office | depart_id |
+----+------------+--------+-----+------------+-----------+--------------+------------+--------+-----------+
|  1 | alex       | male   |  78 | 2015-03-02 | teacher   | NULL         | 1000000.31 |    401 |         1 |
|  2 | yuanhao    | male   |  73 | 2014-07-01 | teacher   | NULL         |    3500.00 |    401 |         1 |
|  7 | 歪歪       | female |  48 | 2015-03-11 | sale      | NULL         |    3000.13 |    402 |         2 |
|  6 | 成龙       | male   |  48 | 2010-11-11 | teacher   | NULL         |   10000.00 |    401 |         1 |
|  8 | 丫丫       | female |  38 | 2010-11-01 | sale      | NULL         |    2000.35 |    402 |         2 |
|  3 | liwenzhou  | male   |  28 | 2012-11-01 | teacher   | NULL         |    2100.00 |    401 |         1 |
| 12 | 张野       | male   |  28 | 2016-03-11 | operation | NULL         |   10000.13 |    403 |         3 |
| 11 | 格格       | female |  28 | 2017-01-27 | sale      | NULL         |    4000.33 |    402 |         2 |
| 14 | 程咬银     | female |  18 | 2013-03-11 | operation | NULL         |   19000.00 |    403 |         3 |
| 15 | 程咬铜     | male   |  18 | 2015-04-11 | operation | NULL         |   18000.00 |    403 |         3 |
| 13 | 程咬金     | male   |  18 | 1997-03-12 | operation | NULL         |   20000.00 |    403 |         3 |
| 10 | 星星       | female |  18 | 2016-05-13 | sale      | NULL         |    3000.29 |    402 |         2 |
|  9 | 丁丁       | female |  18 | 2011-03-12 | sale      | NULL         |    1000.37 |    402 |         2 |
|  5 | jinxin     | male   |  18 | 1900-03-01 | teacher   | NULL         |   30000.00 |    401 |         1 |
|  4 | jingliyang | female |  18 | 2011-02-11 | teacher   | NULL         |    9000.00 |    401 |         1 |
| 16 | 程咬铁     | female |  18 | 2014-05-12 | operation | NULL         |   17000.00 |    403 |         3 |
+----+------------+--------+-----+------------+-----------+--------------+------------+--------+-----------+
16 rows in set (0.00 sec)

按多列排序:先按照age升序 排序，如果年龄age相同情况下，年龄分不出胜负情况下 ，则按照id  降序排序

mysql> select * from employee order by age asc,id desc;
+----+------------+--------+-----+------------+-----------+--------------+------------+--------+-----------+
| id | name       | sex    | age | hire_date  | post      | post_comment | salary     | office | depart_id |
+----+------------+--------+-----+------------+-----------+--------------+------------+--------+-----------+
| 16 | 程咬铁     | female |  18 | 2014-05-12 | operation | NULL         |   17000.00 |    403 |         3 |
| 15 | 程咬铜     | male   |  18 | 2015-04-11 | operation | NULL         |   18000.00 |    403 |         3 |
| 14 | 程咬银     | female |  18 | 2013-03-11 | operation | NULL         |   19000.00 |    403 |         3 |
| 13 | 程咬金     | male   |  18 | 1997-03-12 | operation | NULL         |   20000.00 |    403 |         3 |
| 10 | 星星       | female |  18 | 2016-05-13 | sale      | NULL         |    3000.29 |    402 |         2 |
|  9 | 丁丁       | female |  18 | 2011-03-12 | sale      | NULL         |    1000.37 |    402 |         2 |
|  5 | jinxin     | male   |  18 | 1900-03-01 | teacher   | NULL         |   30000.00 |    401 |         1 |
|  4 | jingliyang | female |  18 | 2011-02-11 | teacher   | NULL         |    9000.00 |    401 |         1 |
| 12 | 张野       | male   |  28 | 2016-03-11 | operation | NULL         |   10000.13 |    403 |         3 |
| 11 | 格格       | female |  28 | 2017-01-27 | sale      | NULL         |    4000.33 |    402 |         2 |
|  3 | liwenzhou  | male   |  28 | 2012-11-01 | teacher   | NULL         |    2100.00 |    401 |         1 |
|  8 | 丫丫       | female |  38 | 2010-11-01 | sale      | NULL         |    2000.35 |    402 |         2 |
|  7 | 歪歪       | female |  48 | 2015-03-11 | sale      | NULL         |    3000.13 |    402 |         2 |
|  6 | 成龙       | male   |  48 | 2010-11-11 | teacher   | NULL         |   10000.00 |    401 |         1 |
|  2 | yuanhao    | male   |  73 | 2014-07-01 | teacher   | NULL         |    3500.00 |    401 |         1 |
|  1 | alex       | male   |  78 | 2015-03-02 | teacher   | NULL         | 1000000.31 |    401 |         1 |
+----+------------+--------+-----+------------+-----------+--------------+------------+--------+-----------+
16 rows in set (0.00 sec)

按单列排序
    SELECT * FROM employee ORDER BY salary;
    SELECT * FROM employee ORDER BY salary ASC;
    SELECT * FROM employee ORDER BY salary DESC;

按多列排序:先按照age排序，如果年纪相同，则按照薪资排序
    SELECT * from employee
        ORDER BY age,
        salary DESC;

1. 查询所有员工信息，先按照age升序排序，如果age相同则按照hire_date降序排序

select * from employee order by age,hire_date desc;
+----+------------+--------+-----+------------+-----------+--------------+------------+--------+-----------+
| id | name       | sex    | age | hire_date  | post      | post_comment | salary     | office | depart_id |
+----+------------+--------+-----+------------+-----------+--------------+------------+--------+-----------+
| 10 | 星星       | female |  18 | 2016-05-13 | sale      | NULL         |    3000.29 |    402 |         2 |
| 15 | 程咬铜     | male   |  18 | 2015-04-11 | operation | NULL         |   18000.00 |    403 |         3 |
| 16 | 程咬铁     | female |  18 | 2014-05-12 | operation | NULL         |   17000.00 |    403 |         3 |
| 14 | 程咬银     | female |  18 | 2013-03-11 | operation | NULL         |   19000.00 |    403 |         3 |
|  9 | 丁丁       | female |  18 | 2011-03-12 | sale      | NULL         |    1000.37 |    402 |         2 |
|  4 | jingliyang | female |  18 | 2011-02-11 | teacher   | NULL         |    9000.00 |    401 |         1 |
| 13 | 程咬金     | male   |  18 | 1997-03-12 | operation | NULL         |   20000.00 |    403 |         3 |
|  5 | jinxin     | male   |  18 | 1900-03-01 | teacher   | NULL         |   30000.00 |    401 |         1 |
| 11 | 格格       | female |  28 | 2017-01-27 | sale      | NULL         |    4000.33 |    402 |         2 |
| 12 | 张野       | male   |  28 | 2016-03-11 | operation | NULL         |   10000.13 |    403 |         3 |
|  3 | liwenzhou  | male   |  28 | 2012-11-01 | teacher   | NULL         |    2100.00 |    401 |         1 |
|  8 | 丫丫       | female |  38 | 2010-11-01 | sale      | NULL         |    2000.35 |    402 |         2 |
|  7 | 歪歪       | female |  48 | 2015-03-11 | sale      | NULL         |    3000.13 |    402 |         2 |
|  6 | 成龙       | male   |  48 | 2010-11-11 | teacher   | NULL         |   10000.00 |    401 |         1 |
|  2 | yuanhao    | male   |  73 | 2014-07-01 | teacher   | NULL         |    3500.00 |    401 |         1 |
|  1 | alex       | male   |  78 | 2015-03-02 | teacher   | NULL         | 1000000.31 |    401 |         1 |
+----+------------+--------+-----+------------+-----------+--------------+------------+--------+-----------+
16 rows in set (0.00 sec)



2. 查询各岗位平均薪资大于10000的岗位名、平均工资,结果按平均薪资升序排列

mysql> select post,avg(salary) from employee group by post having avg(salary) >10000 order by avg(salary);
+-----------+---------------+
| post      | avg(salary)   |
+-----------+---------------+
| operation |  16800.026000 |
| teacher   | 175766.718333 |
+-----------+---------------+
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)


3. 查询各岗位平均薪资大于10000的岗位名、平均工资,结果按平均薪资降序排列

mysql> select post,avg(salary) from employee group by post having avg(salary) >10000 order by avg(salary) desc;
+-----------+---------------+
| post      | avg(salary)   |
+-----------+---------------+
| teacher   | 175766.718333 |
| operation |  16800.026000 |
+-----------+---------------+
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/mingerlcm/p/9880137.html

mysql 数据操作 单表查询 查询排序: order by

mysql 数据操作单表查询查询排序: order by