HDU Common Subsequence(最长公共子序列)

Common Subsequence

Time Limit: 2000/1000 MS (Java/Others)    Memory Limit: 65536/32768 K (Java/Others)
Total Submission(s): 32838    Accepted Submission(s): 14875

Problem Description

A subsequence of a given sequence is the given sequence with some elements (possible none) left out. Given a sequence X = <x1, x2, ..., xm> another sequence Z = <z1, z2, ..., zk> is a subsequence of X if there exists a strictly increasing sequence <i1, i2, ..., ik> of indices of X such that for all j = 1,2,...,k, xij = zj. For example, Z = <a, b, f, c> is a subsequence of X = <a, b, c, f, b, c> with index sequence <1, 2, 4, 6>. Given two sequences X and Y the problem is to find the length of the maximum-length common subsequence of X and Y.
The program input is from a text file. Each data set in the file contains two strings representing the given sequences. The sequences are separated by any number of white spaces. The input data are correct. For each set of data the program prints on the standard output the length of the maximum-length common subsequence from the beginning of a separate line.

 

Sample Input

abcfbc abfcab
programming contest 
abcd mnp

 

Sample Output

4
2
0

 

Source

Southeastern Europe 2003

 

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最长公共子序列问题，简单的动态规划

1处纵轴比到f横轴比到第二个b，从前面序列看，自然为3，和上一位f对f相等
2处横轴比到b，纵轴比到最后一个c，从序列上看，自然与纵轴上一个f相等，因为比到此处的cb处最多也就为2了。

3处比到cc，加上上处bf自然为3
反正看表多看几个特殊值感受下吧，感觉哪里没有完全明白

#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;
int ans[1005][1005];
int main()
{
    char a[1005],b[1005];

    int i,j;
    while(cin>>a>>b){
    int len1=strlen(a);
    int len2=strlen(b);

    for(i=0;i<=len1;i++)
        ans[i][0]=0;
    for(j=0;j<=len2;j++)
        ans[0][j]=0;

        for(i=1;i<=len1;i++)
        {
           for(j=1;j<=len2;j++)
            {
                if(a[i-1]==b[j-1])
                {
                    ans[i][j]=ans[i-1][j-1]+1;
                }
                else
                {
                    ans[i][j]=ans[i-1][j]>=ans[i][j-1]?ans[i-1][j]:ans[i][j-1];//为什么是上和左都取，因为这个横纵轴坐标是相互的，可互换

                }
        }
    }
        cout<<ans[len1][len2]<<endl;
    }
    return 0;
}

在计算最优解的过程中，可以用另外一个二维数组来表示每次选择，用c[i][j]=1表示result[i][j]是由result[i-1][j-1]得来的，用c[i][j]=2表示result[i][j]是由result[i-1][j]得来的，由c[i][j]=3表示result[i][j]是由result[i][j-1]得来的。
根据c数组的值，可以倒着从最后一步步推出每步的选择，进而确定出公共子序列中的元素。