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  • Android studio AlertDialog(对话框)详解

    1.基本使用流程

    • Step 1:创建AlertDialog.Builder对象;
    • Step 2:调用setIcon()设置图标,setTitle()setCustomTitle()设置标题;
    • Step 3:设置对话框的内容:setMessage()还有其他方法来指定显示的内容;
    • Step 4:调用setPositive/Negative/NeutralButton()设置:确定,取消,中立按钮;
    • Step 5:调用create()方法创建这个对象,再调用show()方法将对话框显示出来;

    2.几种常用的对话框使用示例

    运行效果图:

    核心代码

    MainActivity.java

    public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {
    
        private Button btn_dialog_one;
        private Button btn_dialog_two;
        private Button btn_dialog_three;
        private Button btn_dialog_four;
    
        private Context mContext;
        private boolean[] checkItems;
    
        private AlertDialog alert = null;
        private AlertDialog.Builder builder = null;
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
            mContext = MainActivity.this;
            bindView();
    
    
        }
    
        private void bindView() {
            btn_dialog_one = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_dialog_one);
            btn_dialog_two = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_dialog_two);
            btn_dialog_three = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_dialog_three);
            btn_dialog_four = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_dialog_four);
            btn_dialog_one.setOnClickListener(this);
            btn_dialog_two.setOnClickListener(this);
            btn_dialog_three.setOnClickListener(this);
            btn_dialog_four.setOnClickListener(this);
        }
    
    
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            switch (v.getId()) {
                //普通对话框
                case R.id.btn_dialog_one:
                    alert = null;
                    builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(mContext);
                    alert = builder.setIcon(R.mipmap.ic_icon_fish)
                            .setTitle("系统提示:")
                            .setMessage("这是一个最普通的AlertDialog,
    带有三个按钮,分别是取消,中立和确定")
                            .setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                                @Override
                                public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                                    Toast.makeText(mContext, "你点击了取消按钮~", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                                }
                            })
                            .setPositiveButton("确定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                                @Override
                                public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                                    Toast.makeText(mContext, "你点击了确定按钮~", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                                }
                            })
                            .setNeutralButton("中立", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                                @Override
                                public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                                    Toast.makeText(mContext, "你点击了中立按钮~", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                                }
                            }).create();             //创建AlertDialog对象
                    alert.show();                    //显示对话框
                    break;
                //普通列表对话框
                case R.id.btn_dialog_two:
                    final String[] lesson = new String[]{"语文", "数学", "英语", "化学", "生物", "物理", "体育"};
                    alert = null;
                    builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(mContext);
                    alert = builder.setIcon(R.mipmap.ic_icon_fish).setTitle("选择你喜欢的课程").setItems(lesson,newDialogInterface.OnClickListener(){@Overridepublicvoid onClick(DialogInterface dialog,int which){Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),"你选择了"+ lesson[which],Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}}).create();
                    alert.show();break;//单选列表对话框case R.id.btn_dialog_three:finalString[] fruits =newString[]{"苹果","雪梨","香蕉","葡萄","西瓜"};
                    alert =null;
                    builder =newAlertDialog.Builder(mContext);
                    alert = builder.setIcon(R.mipmap.ic_icon_fish).setTitle("选择你喜欢的水果,只能选一个哦~").setSingleChoiceItems(fruits,0,newDialogInterface.OnClickListener(){@Overridepublicvoid onClick(DialogInterface dialog,int which){Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),"你选择了"+ fruits[which],Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}}).create();
                    alert.show();break;//多选列表对话框case R.id.btn_dialog_four:finalString[] menu =newString[]{"水煮豆腐","萝卜牛腩","酱油鸡","胡椒猪肚鸡"};//定义一个用来记录个列表项状态的boolean数组
                    checkItems =newboolean[]{false,false,false,false};
                    alert =null;
                    builder =newAlertDialog.Builder(mContext);
                    alert = builder.setIcon(R.mipmap.ic_icon_fish).setMultiChoiceItems(menu, checkItems,newDialogInterface.OnMultiChoiceClickListener(){@Overridepublicvoid onClick(DialogInterface dialog,int which,boolean isChecked){
                                    checkItems[which]= isChecked;}}).setPositiveButton("确定",newDialogInterface.OnClickListener(){@Overridepublicvoid onClick(DialogInterface dialog,int which){String result ="";for(int i =0; i < checkItems.length; i++){if(checkItems[i])
                                            result += menu[i]+" ";}Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),"客官你点了:"+ result,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}}).create();
                    alert.show();break;}}}

    布局就是四个简单的按钮,这里就不贴出来了,用法非常简单~无非就是创建一个Builder对象后, 进行相关设置,然后create()生成一个AlertDialog对象,最后调用show()方法将AlertDialog 显示出来而已!另外,细心的你可能发现我们点击对话框的外部区域,对话框就会消失,我们 可以为builder设置setCancelable(false)即可解决这个问题!

    3.通过Builder的setView()定制显示的AlertDialog

    我们可以自定义一个与系统对话框不同的布局,然后调用setView()将我们的布局加载到 AlertDialog上,上面我们来实现这个效果:

     

    关键代码

    首先是两种不同按钮的selctor的drawable文件:

    btn_selctor_exit.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
        <item android:state_pressed="true" android:drawable="@mipmap/iv_icon_exit_pressed"/>
        <item android:drawable="@mipmap/iv_icon_exit_normal"/>
    </selector>

    btn_selctor_choose.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
        <item android:state_pressed="true" android:drawable="@mipmap/bg_btn_pressed"/>
        <item android:drawable="@mipmap/bg_btn_normal"/>
    </selector>

    接着是自定义的Dialog布局:view_dialog_custom.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:id="@+id/RelativeLayout1"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical">
    
        <RelativeLayout
            android:id="@+id/titlelayout"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
            android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
            android:background="#53CC66"
            android:padding="5dp">
    
            <TextView
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_centerVertical="true"
                android:text="提示信息"
                android:textColor="#ffffff"
                android:textSize="18sp"
                android:textStyle="bold" />
    
            <Button
                android:id="@+id/btn_cancle"
                android:layout_width="30dp"
                android:layout_height="30dp"
                android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
                android:background="@drawable/btn_selctor_exit" />
    
        </RelativeLayout>
    
    
        <LinearLayout
            android:id="@+id/ly_detail"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
            android:layout_below="@+id/titlelayout"
            android:layout_centerInParent="true"
            android:orientation="vertical">
    
            <TextView
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
                android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
                android:text="通过setView()方法定制AlertDialog"
                android:textColor="#04AEDA"
                android:textSize="18sp" />
    
            <TextView
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
                android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
                android:text="作者:Coder-pig"
                android:textColor="#04AEDA"
                android:textSize="18sp" />
        </LinearLayout>
    
        <LinearLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_below="@+id/ly_detail"
            android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
            android:orientation="horizontal">
    
            <Button
                android:id="@+id/btn_blog"
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="40dp"
                android:layout_margin="5dp"
                android:layout_weight="1"
                android:background="@drawable/btn_selctor_choose"
                android:text="访问博客"
                android:textColor="#ffffff"
                android:textSize="20sp" />
    
            <Button
                android:id="@+id/btn_close"
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="40dp"
                android:layout_margin="5dp"
                android:layout_weight="1"
                android:background="@drawable/btn_selctor_choose"
                android:text="关闭"
                android:textColor="#ffffff"
                android:textSize="20sp" />
    
        </LinearLayout>
    
    </RelativeLayout>

    最后是MainActivity.java

    public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    
        private Button btn_show;
        private View view_custom;
        private Context mContext;
        private AlertDialog alert = null;
        private AlertDialog.Builder builder = null;
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
            mContext = MainActivity.this;
            btn_show = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_show);
    
            //初始化Builder
            builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(mContext);
    
            //加载自定义的那个View,同时设置下
            final LayoutInflater inflater = MainActivity.this.getLayoutInflater();
            view_custom = inflater.inflate(R.layout.view_dialog_custom, null,false);
            builder.setView(view_custom);
            builder.setCancelable(false);
            alert = builder.create();
    
            view_custom.findViewById(R.id.btn_cancle).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View v) {
                    alert.dismiss();
                }
            });
    
            view_custom.findViewById(R.id.btn_blog).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View v) {
                    Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "访问博客", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    Uri uri = Uri.parse("http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig");
                    Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);
                    startActivity(intent);
                    alert.dismiss();
                }
            });
    
            view_custom.findViewById(R.id.btn_close).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View v) {
                    Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "对话框已关闭~", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    alert.dismiss();
                }
            });
    
            btn_show.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View v) {
                    alert.show();
                }
            });
        }
    }
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/mjhjl/p/14902257.html
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