linux搭建ftp

 前段时间同事因为需要使用FTP，我就搭建了一个简易的Linux FTP服务器，可以实现文件上传。

准备：一个网络正常的Linux服务器

1、安装vsftpd

#安装vsftpd
yum -y install vsftpd

2、编辑配置文件

#编辑配置文件
vim /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf

#修改内容（其实只改这个就可以了，如果有其他需求，就需要更改其他配置了 >_0）
anonymous_enable=NO # 是否允许匿名ftp,如否则选择NO 

3、启动vsftpd

#启动vsftpd
systemctl start vsftpd.service

#查看状态
systemctl status vsftpd.service

4、开放FTP需要的端口（不需要关闭防火墙 >_0）

#开放端口
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=21/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=1025-65535/tcp --permanent

systemctl restart firewalld

5、创建你的用户（不要使用 root 作为用户，那是Linux专用。）

adduser ftp_demo
passwd ftp_demo

6、测试结果

　

7、查看是否上传成功(或者在Linux上查看)，再测试下载

以下是我对FTP的配置文件做的详解

# Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
#
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
# capabilities.
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).
anonymous_enable=NO        # 是否允许匿名ftp,如否则选择NO 
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
# When SELinux is enforcing check for SE bool ftp_home_dir
local_enable=YES        # 是否允许本地用户登录
#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
write_enable=YES        # 是否对登录用户开启写权限。属全局性设置
#    
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
local_umask=022            # umask 默认755
#
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
# When SELinux is enforcing check for SE bool allow_ftpd_anon_write, allow_ftpd_full_access
#anon_upload_enable=YES            # 匿名用户是否能上传
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES        # 匿名用户是否能创建目录
#
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES
#
# Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
xferlog_enable=YES                # 是否启用上传/下载日志记录    
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES        # 是否确信端口传输来自20(ftp-data) 
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
#chown_uploads=YES                # 是否改变上传文件的属主
#chown_username=whoever            # 如果是需要输入一个系统用户名
#
# You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
# below.
#xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog  # ftp传输日志的路径和名字，需启用xferlog_enable选项
#
# If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format.
# Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case.
xferlog_std_format=YES            # 是否使用标准的ftp xferlog模式
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
#idle_session_timeout=600        # 设置session超时时间 
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
#data_connection_timeout=120    # 设置数据传输超时时间  
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
#nopriv_user=ftpsecure
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
# however, may confuse older FTP clients.
#async_abor_enable=YES
#
# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
# mangling on files when in ASCII mode. The vsftpd.conf(5) man page explains
# the behaviour when these options are disabled.
# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service
# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd
# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the
# raw file.
# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.
#ascii_upload_enable=YES        # 是否使用ascii码方式上传文件，默认为NO
#ascii_download_enable=YES        # 是否使用ascii码方式下载文件，默认为NO
#
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
#ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.    # 该配置项用于设置比较简短的欢迎信息。若欢迎信息较多，则可使用banner_file配置项。
#
# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
#deny_email_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
# (Warning! chroot'ing can be very dangerous. If using chroot, make sure that
# the user does not have write access to the top level directory within the
# chroot)
#chroot_local_user=YES            # 本地用户禁锢在宿主目录中
#chroot_list_enable=YES            # 是否将系统用户限止在自己的home目录下
# (default follows)
#chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list        # 列出的是不chroot的用户的列表
#
# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
#ls_recurse_enable=YES
#
# When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and
# listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction
# with the listen_ipv6 directive.
listen=NO
#
# This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. By default, listening
# on the IPv6 "any" address (::) will accept connections from both IPv6
# and IPv4 clients. It is not necessary to listen on *both* IPv4 and IPv6
# sockets. If you want that (perhaps because you want to listen on specific
# addresses) then you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration
# files.
# Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !!
listen_ipv6=YES

pam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES
tcp_wrappers=YES

# anon_other_write_enable=YES  # 修改文件名和删除文件
# anon_world_readable_only=YES  匿名用户是否允许下载可阅读的文档，默认为YES。

# 设置访问速度
# anon_max_rate=0 设置匿名用户所能使用的最大传输速度，单位为b/s。若设置为0，则不受速度限制，此为默认值
# local_max_rate=0 设置本地用户所能使用的最大传输速度。默认为0，不受限制。

# ftp_username=ftp 定义匿名用户的账户名称，默认值为ftp
# no_anon_password=YES 匿名用户登录时是否询问口令。设置为YES，则不询问。默认NO