paramiko

阅读目录

• paramiko 模块
• 远程链接
• 远程操作服务器
• paramiko之SSH进阶版
• SSHProxy组件，(StringIO)私钥读写在内存

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paramiko 模块

paramiko是一个基于SSH用于连接远程服务器并执行相关操作（SSHClient和SFTPClinet,即一
个是远程连接，一个是上传下载服务），使用该模块可以对远程服务器进行命令或文件操作，
值得一说的是，fabric和ansible内部的远程管理就是使用的paramiko来现实

下载安装

pip install paramiko

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远程链接

远程链接分为两种：一种是基于用户名密码
                  一种是基于公钥和私钥

基于用户名密码

import paramiko
创建SSH对象
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
连接服务器
ssh.connect(hostname='ip地址', port=22, username='root', password='@999')
执行命令
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('ls')
获取命令结果
result = stdout.read()

print(result)
关闭连接
ssh.close()
SSHClient()封装transport
import paramiko
transport = paramiko.Transport(('ip地址', 22))
transport.connect(username='root', password='密码')
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()

ssh._transport = transport
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('ssh命令')

print(stdout.read())
transport.close()

基于公钥和私钥

import paramiko
private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('id_rsa路径')

# 创建SSH对象

ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()

# 允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机

ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())

# 连接服务器

ssh.connect(hostname='hostname', port=22, username='username', key=private_key)

# 执行命令

stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')

# 获取命令结果

result = stdout.read()

# 关闭连接

ssh.close()
# SSHClient()封装transport

import paramiko
private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('id_rsa路劲')

transport = paramiko.Transport(('hostname', 22))

transport.connect(username='root', pkey=private_key)

ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()

ssh._transport = transport

stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('ssh命令')

transport.close()

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远程操作服务器

远程操作分为两种：一种是SSHClient()，对服务器进行命令操作
              一种是<span class="hljs-selector-tag">SFTPClient</span><span class="hljs-selector-class">.from_transport</span>(), 上传下载服务</code></pre>

SFTPClient.from_transport()
# 基于公钥私钥
import paramiko
private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('id_rsa路劲')
transport = paramiko.Transport(('hostname', 22))

transport.connect(username='用户名', pkey=private_key )
sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)

# 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py

sftp.put('/tmp/location.py', '/tmp/test.py')
# 将remove_path 下载到本地 local_path

sftp.get('remove_path', 'local_path')

transport.close()
# 基于用户名密码
import paramiko
transport = paramiko.Transport(('ip地址', 22))

transport.connect(username='root', password='密码')
sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)
# 将up.py 上传至服务器

# sftp.put('up.py', 'up.py')
#将服务器的文件 下载到本地 

sftp.get('up9.py', 'up_9.py')
transport.close()

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paramiko之SSH进阶版
'''
实现一次链接服务器，操作多次命令，手动关闭transport
'''
import paramiko
class SSHProxy(object):
<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">def</span> <span class="hljs-title">__init__</span><span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>, hostname, port, username, private_key_path)</span></span>:
    <span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>.hostname = hostname
    <span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>.port = port
    <span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>.username = username
    <span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>.private_key_path = private_key_path

    <span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>.transport = None

<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">def</span> <span class="hljs-title">open</span><span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>)</span></span>:
    private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(<span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>.private_key_path)
    <span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>.transport = paramiko.Transport(<span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>.hostname, <span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>.port)
    <span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>.transport.connect(username=<span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>.username, pkey=private_key)

<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">def</span> <span class="hljs-title">close</span><span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>)</span></span>:
    <span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>.transport.close()

<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">def</span> <span class="hljs-title">command</span><span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>, cmd)</span></span>:
    ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
    ssh._transport = <span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>.transport
    stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(cmd)
    result = stdout.read()
    ssh.close()
    <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> result

<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">def</span> <span class="hljs-title">upload</span><span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>, local_path, remote_path)</span></span>:
    sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(<span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>.transport)
    sftp.put(local_path, remote_path)
    sftp.close()

<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">def</span> <span class="hljs-title">__enter__</span><span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>)</span></span>:
    <span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>.open()
    <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>

<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">def</span> <span class="hljs-title">__exit__</span><span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb)</span></span>:
    <span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>.close()

if _name_ == 'main':

with SSHProxy('192.168.16.129', 22, 'root', 'id_rsa') as proxy:

# proxy.upload('your.tar', '/data/your.tar')

v = proxy.command('ifconfig')

print(v)

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SSHProxy组件，(StringIO)私钥读写在内存
import paramiko
from io import StringIO
class SSHProxy(object):
<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">def</span> <span class="hljs-title">__init__</span><span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>, hostname, port, username, private_key_string)</span></span>:
    <span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>.hostname = hostname
    <span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>.port = port
    <span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>.username = username

    <span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>.private_key = paramiko.RSAKey(file_obj=StringIO(private_key_string))

    <span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>.transport = None

<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">def</span> <span class="hljs-title">open</span><span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>)</span></span>:
    <span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>.transport = paramiko.Transport((<span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>.hostname, <span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>.port))
    <span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>.transport.connect(username=<span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>.username, pkey=<span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>.private_key)

<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">def</span> <span class="hljs-title">close</span><span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>)</span></span>:
    <span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>.transport.close()

<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">def</span> <span class="hljs-title">command</span><span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>, cmd)</span></span>:
    ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
    ssh._transport = <span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>.transport
    stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(cmd)
    result = stdout.read()
    <span class="hljs-comment"># ssh.close()</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> result

<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">def</span> <span class="hljs-title">upload</span><span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>, local_path, remote_path)</span></span>:
    sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(<span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>.transport)
    sftp.put(local_path, remote_path)
    sftp.close()

<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">def</span> <span class="hljs-title">__enter__</span><span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>)</span></span>:
    <span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>.open()
    <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>

<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">def</span> <span class="hljs-title">__exit__</span><span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb)</span></span>:
    <span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>.close()

if _name_ == 'main':

with SSHProxy('1.2.3.4', 22, 'root', 'hello') as proxy:

proxy.upload('xx','xx')

proxy.command('ifconfig')

proxy.command('ifconfig')

proxy.upload('xx', 'xx')

with SSHProxy('5.6.7.8', 22, 'root', 'world') as proxy:

proxy.upload('xx','xx')

proxy.command('ifconfig')

proxy.command('ifconfig')

proxy.upload('xx', 'xx')