[日志]logback告警

开发过程中，难免会有发生错误或异常的时候，有些是需要及时通知到相关开发人员的。logback可以通过简单的配置达到邮件告警的目的。

一、错误告警

如下配置，所有Error级别的log发送邮件告警给receiver（多个receiver以逗号分隔）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration>

    <springProperty scope="context" name="receiver" source="log.email.receiver"  defaultValue="xxxxxx@qq.com"/>
    <springProperty scope="context" name="env" source="spring.profiles.active"  defaultValue="dev"/>

    <property name="smtpHost" value="localhost" />
    <property name="smtpPort" value="25" />
    <property name="username" value="username" />
    <property name="password" value="password" />
    <property name="from" value="send@126.com" />

    <appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
        <encoder class="ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder">
            <pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%level][%thread]:%logger{50} [%method:%line] %msg%n</pattern>
        </encoder>
    </appender>

    <appender name="EMAIL" class="ch.qos.logback.classic.net.SMTPAppender">
        <cyclicBufferTracker class="ch.qos.logback.core.spi.CyclicBufferTracker">
            <bufferSize>1</bufferSize>
        </cyclicBufferTracker>

        <smtpHost>${smtpHost}</smtpHost>
        <smtpPort>${smtpPort}</smtpPort>
        <username>${username}</username>
        <password>${password}</password>
        <from>${from}</from>
        <to>${receiver}</to>
        <subject>【test-email Error】【${env}环境】: %logger{20} - %m </subject>
        <layout class="ch.qos.logback.classic.html.HTMLLayout">
            <pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS}%level%thread%logger{35}%message</pattern>
        </layout>
        <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
            <level>ERROR</level>
            <onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
            <onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>
        </filter>
    </appender>

    <springProfile name="dev,test">
        <root>
            <level value="info"/>
            <appender-ref ref="STDOUT"/>
            <appender-ref ref="EMAIL"/>
        </root>
    </springProfile>

    <springProfile name="uat,pro">
        <root>
            <level value="info"/>
            <appender-ref ref="EMAIL"/>
        </root>
    </springProfile>
</configuration>

Error级别日志：

log.error("an unexpected error!");

收到告警邮件：

记入ex，可以看到详细的堆栈信息。

a、springProperty 从spring读取配置

<springProperty scope="context" name="receiver" source="log.email.receiver"  defaultValue="xxxxxx@qq.com"/>

scope：context 参考（官网）

name：定义的变量名

source：需要spring配置的节点名称。(eg：log.email.receiver=xxx@126.com,yyy@qq.com) 

defaultValue：默认值 

二、自定义告警

上面是对所有Error级别日志的告警，有时候需要对正常业务的邮件通知，此时可以用Mark来发邮件。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration>

    <springProperty scope="context" name="receiver" source="log.email.receiver"  defaultValue="xxxxxx@qq.com"/>
    <springProperty scope="context" name="env" source="spring.profiles.active"  defaultValue="dev"/>

    <property name="smtpHost" value="localhost" />
    <property name="smtpPort" value="25" />
    <property name="username" value="username" />
    <property name="password" value="password" />
    <property name="from" value="send@126.com" />

    <appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
        <encoder class="ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder">
            <pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%level][%thread]:%logger{50} [%method:%line] %msg%n</pattern>
        </encoder>
    </appender>

    <appender name="EMAIL" class="ch.qos.logback.classic.net.SMTPAppender">
        <cyclicBufferTracker class="ch.qos.logback.core.spi.CyclicBufferTracker">
            <bufferSize>1</bufferSize>
        </cyclicBufferTracker>

        <smtpHost>${smtpHost}</smtpHost>
        <smtpPort>${smtpPort}</smtpPort>
        <username>${username}</username>
        <password>${password}</password>
        <from>${from}</from>
        <to>${receiver}</to>
        <subject>【开发人员关注】【${env}环境】</subject>
        <layout class="ch.qos.logback.classic.html.HTMLLayout">
            <pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS}%level%thread%logger{35}%message</pattern>
        </layout>
        <!-- 基于标记的发送邮件 这里我们加入一个标记DEVELOP，发送日志时只需加入此标记即可，如有多个标记加入多个<maker></maker>标签即可 -->
        <evaluator class="ch.qos.logback.classic.boolex.OnMarkerEvaluator">
            <marker>DEVELOP</marker>
        </evaluator>
    </appender>

    <springProfile name="dev,test">
        <root>
            <level value="info"/>
            <appender-ref ref="STDOUT"/>
            <appender-ref ref="EMAIL"/>
        </root>
    </springProfile>

    <springProfile name="uat,pro">
        <root>
            <level value="info"/>
            <appender-ref ref="EMAIL"/>
        </root>
    </springProfile>
</configuration>

 Mark邮件示例：

log.info(MarkerFactory.getMarker("DEVELOP"), "notify developers!");

 邮件：

三、自定义邮件格式

邮件自定义格式。实现自定义的 HTMLLayout：

public class MyHtmlLayout extends HTMLLayout {
    IThrowableRenderer<ILoggingEvent> throwableRenderer;
    private String tag;

    public MyHtmlLayout() {
        super();
        this.throwableRenderer = new DefaultThrowableRenderer();
    }

    @Override
    public String doLayout(ILoggingEvent event) {
        StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
        this.startNewTableIfLimitReached(buf);
        boolean odd = true;
        if((this.counter++ & 1L) == 0L) {
            odd = false;
        }

        String level = event.getLevel().toString().toLowerCase();
        buf.append(CoreConstants.LINE_SEPARATOR);
        buf.append("<tr class="");
        buf.append(level);
        if(odd) {
            buf.append(" odd">");
        } else {
            buf.append(" even">");
        }

        buf.append(CoreConstants.LINE_SEPARATOR);

        for(Converter c = this.head; c != null; c = c.getNext()) {
            this.appendEventToBuffer(buf, c, event);
        }

        buf.append("</tr>");
        buf.append(CoreConstants.LINE_SEPARATOR);
        if(event.getThrowableProxy() != null) {
            throwableRenderer.render(buf, event);
        }

        return buf.toString();
    }

    private void appendEventToBuffer(StringBuilder buf, Converter<ILoggingEvent> c, ILoggingEvent event) {
        buf.append("<td class="");
        buf.append(this.computeConverterName(c));
        buf.append("">");
        buf.append(Transform.escapeTags(c.convert(event)) + ",my tag:" + tag);
        buf.append("</td>");
        buf.append(CoreConstants.LINE_SEPARATOR);
    }

    public String getTag() {
        return tag;
    }

    public void setTag(String tag) {
        this.tag = tag;
    }
}

将logback-spring.xml配置改为(配置的tag)：

<layout class="com.logback.demo.eval.MyHtmlLayout">
     <pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS}%level%thread%logger{35}%message</pattern>
     <tag>this is my layout tag</tag>
</layout>

四、记日志报错

参考：