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  • [WC2007]剪刀石头布

    嘟嘟嘟


    这题不愧是冬令营的题,有思维难度。


    题面就是说有一个完全图,让你给一些无向边定向,使三元环最多。
    这题关键就是怎么计数三元环。直接记非常难,所以我们要正难则反!三元环总数是(C_{n} ^ {3}),然后考虑什么情况会破坏三元环:当一个点的出边大于1时,记(d_i)(i)的出边数量,则破坏的三元环数量就是(C_{d_i} ^ 2),所以三元环总数是(C_{n} ^ {3} - sum C_{d_i} ^ {2})。所以我们要最小化后面的那个东西。


    观察(C_{d_i} ^ {2} = frac{d_i * (d_i - 1)}{2}),发现这东西其实是一个等比数列(这都能发现)。所以我们把一个点(i)拆成(n)个点,分别向汇点连容量为1,费用为(,1, 2, 3 ldots n - 1)的边。
    然后把边看成点。对于一条无向边((x, y)),分别向点(x, y)连一条容量为1,费用为0的边,表示可以让其中一个点的出度+1;对于一条指向(y)的有向边,就只向点(y)连一条容量为1,费用为0的边。最后从源点向所有边代表的点连一条容量为1,费用为0的边。


    至于输出矩阵,看对应边是否满流即可。

    #include<cstdio>
    #include<iostream>
    #include<cmath>
    #include<algorithm>
    #include<cstring>
    #include<cstdlib>
    #include<cctype>
    #include<vector>
    #include<stack>
    #include<queue>
    using namespace std;
    #define enter puts("") 
    #define space putchar(' ')
    #define Mem(a, x) memset(a, x, sizeof(a))
    #define In inline
    typedef long long ll;
    typedef double db;
    const int INF = 0x3f3f3f3f;
    const db eps = 1e-8;
    const int maxn = 105;
    const int maxN = 2e4 + 5;
    const int maxe = 1e7 + 5;
    inline ll read()
    {
      ll ans = 0;
      char ch = getchar(), last = ' ';
      while(!isdigit(ch)) last = ch, ch = getchar();
      while(isdigit(ch)) ans = (ans << 1) + (ans << 3) + ch - '0', ch = getchar();
      if(last == '-') ans = -ans;
      return ans;
    }
    inline void write(ll x)
    {
      if(x < 0) x = -x, putchar('-');
      if(x >= 10) write(x / 10);
      putchar(x % 10 + '0');
    }
    
    int n, t, a[maxn][maxn];
    struct Edge
    {
      int nxt, from, to, cap, cos;
    }e[maxe];
    int head[maxN], ecnt = -1;
    In void addEdge(int x, int y, int w, int c)
    {
      e[++ecnt] = (Edge){head[x], x, y, w, c};
      head[x] = ecnt;
      e[++ecnt] = (Edge){head[y], y, x, 0, -c};
      head[y] = ecnt;
    }
    
    bool in[maxN];
    int dis[maxN], pre[maxN], flow[maxN];
    In bool spfa()
    {
      Mem(dis, 0x3f), Mem(in, 0);
      dis[0] = 0, flow[0] = INF;
      queue<int> q; q.push(0);
      while(!q.empty())
        {
          int now = q.front(); q.pop(); in[now] = 0;
          for(int i = head[now], v; ~i; i = e[i].nxt)
    	{
    	  if(dis[v = e[i].to] > dis[now] + e[i].cos && e[i].cap > 0)
    	    {
    	      dis[v] = dis[now] + e[i].cos;
    	      pre[v] = i;
    	      flow[v] = min(flow[now], e[i].cap);
    	      if(!in[v]) q.push(v), in[v] = 1;
    	    }
    	}
        }
      return dis[t] ^ INF;
    }
    int minCost = 0;
    In void update()
    {
      int x = t;
      while(x)
        {
          int i = pre[x];
          e[i].cap -= flow[t];
          e[i ^ 1].cap += flow[t];
          x = e[i].from;
        }
      minCost += flow[t] * dis[t];
    }
    In int MCMF()
    {
      minCost = 0;
      while(spfa()) update();
      return minCost;
    }
    
    In int N(int x, int y) {return n + (x - 1) * n + y;}
    
    int ans[maxn][maxn];
    In void solve(int x, int y)
    {
      for(int i = head[N(x, y)], v; ~i; i = e[i].nxt)
        {
          v = e[i].to;
          if(v && v <= n && !e[i].cap)
    	{
    	  if(v == y) ans[x][y] = 1;
    	  else ans[y][x] = 1;
    	}
        }
    }
    
    int main()
    {
      Mem(head, -1);
      n = read(); t = n * n + n + 1;
      for(int i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
        for(int j = 1; j <= n; ++j) a[i][j] = read();
      for(int i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
        for(int j = i + 1; j <= n; ++j)
          {
    	addEdge(0, N(i, j), 1, 0);
    	if(a[i][j] == 2)
    	  {
    	    addEdge(N(i, j), i, 1, 0);
    	    addEdge(N(i, j), j, 1, 0);
    	  }
    	else if(a[i][j] == 1) addEdge(N(i, j), j, 1, 0);
    	else addEdge(N(i, j), i, 1, 0);
          }
      for(int i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
        for(int j = 0; j < n; ++j) addEdge(i, t, 1, j);
      write(1LL * n * (n - 1) * (n - 2) / 6 - MCMF()), enter;
      for(int i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
        for(int j = i + 1; j <= n; ++j) solve(i, j);
      for(int i = 1; i <= n; ++i, enter)
        for(int j = 1; j <= n; ++j) write(ans[i][j]), space;
      return 0;
    }
    
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/mrclr/p/10815485.html
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