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  • Python安装MySQL数据库模块

    背景

    折腾：

    【记录】使用Python操作MySQL数据库

    的过程中，需要去安装MySQLdb。

    下载MySQLdb

    去官网：

    http://pypi.python.org/pypi/MySQL-python/

    看到有1.2.4和1.2.3

    所以去最新的1.2.4：

    http://pypi.python.org/pypi/MySQL-python/1.2.4

    下载对应的编译好的版本：

    MySQL-python-1.2.4.win32-py2.7.exe

    得到1MB的

    MySQL-python-1.2.4.win32-py2.7.exe

    安装MySQLdb

    双击安装：

     

    结果出错：

    not found in the reg for python 2.7

    看来此x86的exe，是不支持我的win7 x64。

    所以只能去下载源码再去安装了。

    下载源码：

    MySQL-python-1.2.4.zip

    然后再去解压和安装，结果果然出现

    error: Unable to find vcvarsall.bat

    的错误：

    D: mpdev_toolspythonmysqlMySQL-python-1.2.4MySQL-python-1.2.4>setup.py install           
    Downloading http://pypi.python.org/packages/source/d/distribute/distribute-0.6.28.tar.gz             
    Extracting in c:userscliappdatalocal emp mpkapo0l             
    Now working in c:userscliappdatalocal emp mpkapo0ldistribute-0.6.28             
    Building a Distribute egg in D: mpdev_toolspythonmysqlMySQL-python-1.2.4MySQL-python-1.2.4             
    D: mpdev_toolspythonmysqlMySQL-python-1.2.4MySQL-python-1.2.4distribute-0.6.28-py2.7.egg             
    running install             
    running bdist_egg             
    running egg_info             
    writing MySQL_python.egg-infoPKG-INFO             
    writing top-level names to MySQL_python.egg-info op_level.txt             
    writing dependency_links to MySQL_python.egg-infodependency_links.txt             
    writing MySQL_python.egg-infoPKG-INFO             
    writing top-level names to MySQL_python.egg-info op_level.txt             
    writing dependency_links to MySQL_python.egg-infodependency_links.txt             
    reading manifest file ‘MySQL_python.egg-infoSOURCES.txt’             
    reading manifest template ‘MANIFEST.in’             
    writing manifest file ‘MySQL_python.egg-infoSOURCES.txt’             
    installing library code to builddist.win-amd64egg             
    running install_lib             
    running build_py             
    creating build             
    creating buildlib.win-amd64-2.7             
    copying _mysql_exceptions.py -> buildlib.win-amd64-2.7             
    creating buildlib.win-amd64-2.7MySQLdb             
    copying MySQLdb\__init__.py -> buildlib.win-amd64-2.7MySQLdb             
    copying MySQLdbconverters.py -> buildlib.win-amd64-2.7MySQLdb             
    copying MySQLdbconnections.py -> buildlib.win-amd64-2.7MySQLdb             
    copying MySQLdbcursors.py -> buildlib.win-amd64-2.7MySQLdb             
    copying MySQLdb elease.py -> buildlib.win-amd64-2.7MySQLdb             
    copying MySQLdb imes.py -> buildlib.win-amd64-2.7MySQLdb             
    creating buildlib.win-amd64-2.7MySQLdbconstants             
    copying MySQLdbconstants\__init__.py -> buildlib.win-amd64-2.7MySQLdbconstants             
    copying MySQLdbconstantsCR.py -> buildlib.win-amd64-2.7MySQLdbconstants            
    copying MySQLdbconstantsFIELD_TYPE.py -> buildlib.win-amd64-2.7MySQLdbconstants             
    copying MySQLdbconstantsER.py -> buildlib.win-amd64-2.7MySQLdbconstants            
    copying MySQLdbconstantsFLAG.py -> buildlib.win-amd64-2.7MySQLdbconstants             
    copying MySQLdbconstantsREFRESH.py -> buildlib.win-amd64-2.7MySQLdbconstants             
    copying MySQLdbconstantsCLIENT.py -> buildlib.win-amd64-2.7MySQLdbconstants             
    running build_ext             
    building ‘_mysql’ extension             
    error: Unable to find vcvarsall.bat

    D: mpdev_toolspythonmysqlMySQL-python-1.2.4MySQL-python-1.2.4>

    然后参考之前的办法，结果还是出错：

    D: mpdev_toolspythonmysqlMySQL-python-1.2.4MySQL-python-1.2.4>SET VS90COMNTOOLS=%VS100COMNTOOLS%

    D: mpdev_toolspythonmysqlMySQL-python-1.2.4MySQL-python-1.2.4>setup.py install           
    running install             
    running bdist_egg             
    running egg_info             
    writing MySQL_python.egg-infoPKG-INFO             
    writing top-level names to MySQL_python.egg-info op_level.txt             
    writing dependency_links to MySQL_python.egg-infodependency_links.txt             
    writing MySQL_python.egg-infoPKG-INFO             
    writing top-level names to MySQL_python.egg-info op_level.txt             
    writing dependency_links to MySQL_python.egg-infodependency_links.txt             
    reading manifest file ‘MySQL_python.egg-infoSOURCES.txt’             
    reading manifest template ‘MANIFEST.in’             
    writing manifest file ‘MySQL_python.egg-infoSOURCES.txt’             
    installing library code to builddist.win-amd64egg             
    running install_lib             
    running build_py             
    copying MySQLdb elease.py -> buildlib.win-amd64-2.7MySQLdb             
    running build_ext             
    building ‘_mysql’ extension             
    creating build emp.win-amd64-2.7             
    creating build emp.win-amd64-2.7Release             
    C:Program Files (x86)Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0VCBINamd64cl.exe /c /nologo /Ox /MD /W3 /GS- /DNDEBUG -Dversion_info=(1,2,4,’final’,1) -D__version__=1.2.4 "-IC:Program Files (x86)MySQLMySQL             
    Connector C 6.0.2include" -ID: mpdev_install_rootPython27_x64include -ID: mpdev_install_rootPython27_x64PC /Tc_mysql.c /Fobuild emp.win-amd64-2.7Release\_mysql.obj /Zl             
    _mysql.c             
    _mysql.c(42) : fatal error C1083: Cannot open include file: ‘config-win.h’: No such file or directory             
    error: command ‘"C:Program Files (x86)Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0VCBINamd64cl.exe"’ failed with exit status 2

    D: mpdev_toolspythonmysqlMySQL-python-1.2.4MySQL-python-1.2.4>  

    然后再参考：

    Windows下安装MySQLdb遇到的问题及解决方法

    所说的：

    1）问题 ： _mysql.c(34) : fatal error C1083: Cannot open include file: ‘config-win.h’: No such file or directory       
    error: command ‘”C:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0/VC/BIN/cl.exe”‘ failed with exit status 2

    原因 ：原因是安装MySQL的时候没有安装C语言库。

    解决 ：重新运行MySQL的安装程序，选择Modify，把“C Include Files / Lib Files”勾选上，并安装。

    去重新安装mysql。

    继续：

    【记录】为Python安装MySQL数据库模块：MySQLdb

    的折腾：

    1.参考：

    MySQL-python 1.2.3 for Windows and Python 2.7, 32bit and 64bit versions

    得知：

    python的

    此处的要安装x64还是x86，是取决于你所安装的Python的版本，而不是OS的版本。

    所以此处去x64 win7中的cmd中确认一下python的版本：

    C:UsersCLi>python 
    Python 2.7.3 (default, Apr 10 2012, 23:24:47) [MSC v.1500 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32 
    Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. 
    >>>

    的确是x64的，所以的确要安装的是x64。

    2.下载对应的：

    MySQL-python-1.2.3.win-amd64-py2.7.exe (1.0 MiB)

    结果链接失效：“File does not exist.”

    3.从：

    http://www.codegood.com/downloads

    找到一堆的下载，但是结果都失效了。

    4.参考：

    Python: How to install mysqldb on windows 7 x64?

    结果最后找到的下载地址也是上面的那个失效的地址。

    5.还是参考：

    Install MySQLdb for Python 2.6 in Windows 7 64-bit

    和

    python MySQLdb在windows环境下的快速安装、问题解决方式

    去自己编译吧。

    6.然后还是同样错误：

    D: mpdev_toolspythonmysqlMySQL-python-1.2.4MySQL-python-1.2.4>SET VS90COMNTOOLS=%VS100COMNTOOLS%

    D: mpdev_toolspythonmysqlMySQL-python-1.2.4MySQL-python-1.2.4>setup.py install
    running install 
    running bdist_egg 
    running egg_info 
    writing MySQL_python.egg-infoPKG-INFO 
    writing top-level names to MySQL_python.egg-info op_level.txt 
    writing dependency_links to MySQL_python.egg-infodependency_links.txt 
    writing MySQL_python.egg-infoPKG-INFO 
    writing top-level names to MySQL_python.egg-info op_level.txt 
    writing dependency_links to MySQL_python.egg-infodependency_links.txt 
    reading manifest file ‘MySQL_python.egg-infoSOURCES.txt’ 
    reading manifest template ‘MANIFEST.in’ 
    writing manifest file ‘MySQL_python.egg-infoSOURCES.txt’ 
    installing library code to builddist.win-amd64egg 
    running install_lib 
    running build_py 
    copying MySQLdb elease.py -> buildlib.win-amd64-2.7MySQLdb 
    running build_ext 
    building ‘_mysql’ extension 
    C:Program Files (x86)Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0VCBINamd64cl.exe /c /nologo /Ox /MD /W3 /GS- /DNDEBUG -Dversion_info=(1,2,4,’final’,1) -D__version__=1.2.4 "-IC:Program File 
    s (x86)MySQLMySQL Connector C 6.0.2include" -ID: mpdev_install_rootPython27_x64include -ID: mpdev_install_rootPython27_x64PC /Tc_mysql.c /Fobuild emp.win-amd64-2.7Rele 
    ase\_mysql.obj /Zl 
    _mysql.c 
    _mysql.c(42) : fatal error C1083: Cannot open include file: ‘config-win.h’: No such file or directory 
    error: command ‘"C:Program Files (x86)Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0VCBINamd64cl.exe"’ failed with exit status 2

    然后参考：

    Install Python-MySql on Windows 7 64-bit

    看到了site.cfg内容是：

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    [options]
    # embedded: link against the embedded server library
    # threadsafe: use the threadsafe client
    # static: link against a static library (probably required for embedded)
     
    embedded = False
    threadsafe = True
    static = False
     
    # The path to mysql_config.
    # Only use this if mysql_config is not on your PATH, or you have some weird
    # setup that requires it.
    #mysql_config = /usr/local/bin/mysql_config
     
    # http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1972259/mysql-python-install-problem-using-virtualenv-windows-pip
    # Windows connector libs for MySQL. You need a 32-bit connector for your 32-bit Python build.
    connector = C:Program Files (x86)MySQLMySQL Connector C 6.0.2

    然后注意到了，上面的编译过程中的include的路径，就是此处的connector的值。

    7.又在这里：

    Unofficial Windows Binaries for Python Extension Packages

    找到了一个已编译的版本的下载地址：

    MySQL-python-1.2.3.win-amd64-py2.7.exe [1.1 Mb] [Python 2.7] [64 bit] [JUN 08, 2011]

    然后去安装：

    mysql python 1.2.3 x64 main ui_thumb

    found python 2.7 install path_thumb

    next to install python 2.7 mysql_thumb

    done to finish install mysql for python 2.7 version_thumb

    然后就可以写代码去测试是否工作了。

    在Python中使用MySQLdb操作MySQL数据库

    参考：

    python操作MySQL数据库

    然后用：

    ?
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    #!/usr/bin/python
    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    """
    -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Function:
    【记录】为Python安装MySQL数据库模块：MySQLdb
    http://www.crifan.com/python_install_module_mysql_mysqldb/
     
    Autor:  Crifan Li
    Date:   2013-04-22
     
    -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    """
     
    #---------------------------------import---------------------------------------
    import MySQLdb
     
    def python_mysql_test():
        """
        try to use mysql in python
        """
     
        try:
            conn=MySQLdb.connect(host='localhost',user='root',passwd='xxx',db='wordpress',port=3306)
            print "conn=",conn;
            cur=conn.cursor()
            print "cur=",cur;
            cur.execute('select * from wp_users')
            cur.close()
            conn.close()
        except MySQLdb.Error,e:
             print "Mysql Error %d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1])
     
    ###############################################################################
    if __name__=="__main__":
        python_mysql_test();

    可以显示连接成功了：

    D: mp mp_dev_rootpython utorial_summarypython_mysql_test>python_mysql_test.py

    conn= <_mysql.connection open to ‘localhost’ at 2a46ad8>

    cur= <MySQLdb.cursors.Cursor object at 0x0000000002A54C50>

    对应的wordpress的数据库是：

    has exist wp_users in wordpress db_thumb

    9.再去折腾新建数据项试试：

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    #!/usr/bin/python
    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    """
    -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Function:
    【记录】为Python安装MySQL数据库模块：MySQLdb
    http://www.crifan.com/python_install_module_mysql_mysqldb/
     
    Autor:  Crifan Li
    Date:   2013-04-22
     
    -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    """
     
    #---------------------------------import---------------------------------------
    import MySQLdb
     
    def python_mysql_test():
        """
        try to use mysql in python
        """
     
        try:
            conn=MySQLdb.connect(host='localhost',user='root',passwd='xxx',db='test',port=3306, charset='utf8')
            print "conn=",conn;
            cur=conn.cursor()
            print "cur=",cur;
     
            createdDb = cur.execute('create database if not exists pythonMysql')
            print "createdDb=",createdDb;
            selectedDb = conn.select_db('pythonMysql')
            print "selectedDb=",selectedDb;
            createdTable = cur.execute('create table test(id int,info varchar(20))')
            print "createdTable=",createdTable;
             
            value=[1,'hi rollen']
            insertedValue = cur.execute('insert into test values(%s,%s)',value)
            print "insertedValue=",insertedValue;
             
            values=[]
            for i in range(20):
                values.append((i,'hi rollen'+str(i)))
                  
            insertedValues = cur.executemany('insert into test values(%s,%s)',values)
            print "insertedValues=",insertedValues;
          
            updatedInfo = cur.execute('update test set info="I am rollen" where id=3')
            print "updatedInfo=",updatedInfo;
          
            committed = conn.commit()
            print "committed=",committed;
             
            closedCur = cur.close()
            print "closedCur=",closedCur;
            closedConn = conn.close()
            print "closedConn=",closedConn;
         
        except MySQLdb.Error,e:
             print "Mysql Error %d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1])
     
    ###############################################################################
    if __name__=="__main__":
        python_mysql_test();

    结果如下：

    D: mp mp_dev_rootpython utorial_summarypython_mysql_test>python_mysql_test.py

    conn= <_mysql.connection open to ‘localhost’ at 2a46ad8>

    cur= <MySQLdb.cursors.Cursor object at 0x0000000002A54C50>

    D: mp mp_dev_rootpython utorial_summarypython_mysql_test>python_mysql_test.py

    conn= <_mysql.connection open to ‘localhost’ at 2be06a8>

    cur= <MySQLdb.cursors.Cursor object at 0x00000000028B7BE0>

    createdDb= 1

    selectedDb= None

    createdTable= 0

    insertedValue= 1

    insertedValues= 20

    updatedInfo= 1

    committed= None

    closedCur= None

    closedConn= None

    数据库中去看看结果：

    newly created pythonmysql db_thumb

    can show all db test data include updated one_thumb

    都是可以正常工作的。

    至此，简单的操作，到此结束。

    以后就是针对要操作的数据，如何导入数据库，如何操作数据库了。

    数据库操作：

    python操作MySQL数据库

     

    坚持每天学一点，每天积累一点点，作为自己每天的业余收获，这个文章是我在吃饭的期间写的，利用自己零散的时间学了一下python操作MYSQL，所以整理一下。

    我采用的是MySQLdb操作的MYSQL数据库。先来一个简单的例子吧：

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    import MySQLdb
     
    try:
        conn=MySQLdb.connect(host='localhost',user='root',passwd='root',db='test',port=3306)
        cur=conn.cursor()
        cur.execute('select * from user')
        cur.close()
        conn.close()
    except MySQLdb.Error,e:
         print "Mysql Error %d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1])

    　　请注意修改你的数据库，主机名，用户名，密码。

    下面来大致演示一下插入数据，批量插入数据，更新数据的例子吧：

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    import MySQLdb
     
    try:
        conn=MySQLdb.connect(host='localhost',user='root',passwd='root',port=3306)
        cur=conn.cursor()
         
        cur.execute('create database if not exists python')
        conn.select_db('python')
        cur.execute('create table test(id int,info varchar(20))')
         
        value=[1,'hi rollen']
        cur.execute('insert into test values(%s,%s)',value)
         
        values=[]
        for i in range(20):
            values.append((i,'hi rollen'+str(i)))
             
        cur.executemany('insert into test values(%s,%s)',values)
     
        cur.execute('update test set info="I am rollen" where id=3')
     
        conn.commit()
        cur.close()
        conn.close()
     
    except MySQLdb.Error,e:
         print "Mysql Error %d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1])

    　　请注意一定要有conn.commit()这句来提交事务，要不然不能真正的插入数据。

    运行之后我的MySQL数据库的结果就不上图了。

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    import MySQLdb
     
    try:
        conn=MySQLdb.connect(host='localhost',user='root',passwd='root',port=3306)
        cur=conn.cursor()
         
        conn.select_db('python')
     
        count=cur.execute('select * from test')
        print 'there has %s rows record' % count
     
        result=cur.fetchone()
        print result
        print 'ID: %s info %s' % result
     
        results=cur.fetchmany(5)
        for r in results:
            print r
     
        print '=='*10
        cur.scroll(0,mode='absolute')
     
        results=cur.fetchall()
        for r in results:
            print r[1]
         
     
        conn.commit()
        cur.close()
        conn.close()
     
    except MySQLdb.Error,e:
         print "Mysql Error %d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1])

    　　运行结果就不贴了，太长了。

    查询后中文会正确显示，但在数据库中却是乱码的。经过我从网上查找，发现用一个属性有可搞定：

    在Python代码 

    conn = MySQLdb.Connect(host='localhost', user='root', passwd='root', db='python') 中加一个属性：
     改为：
    conn = MySQLdb.Connect(host='localhost', user='root', passwd='root', db='python',charset='utf8') 
    charset是要跟你数据库的编码一样，如果是数据库是gb2312 ,则写charset='gb2312'。

    下面贴一下常用的函数：

    然后,这个连接对象也提供了对事务操作的支持,标准的方法
    commit() 提交
    rollback() 回滚

    cursor用来执行命令的方法:
    callproc(self, procname, args):用来执行存储过程,接收的参数为存储过程名和参数列表,返回值为受影响的行数
    execute(self, query, args):执行单条sql语句,接收的参数为sql语句本身和使用的参数列表,返回值为受影响的行数
    executemany(self, query, args):执行单挑sql语句,但是重复执行参数列表里的参数,返回值为受影响的行数
    nextset(self):移动到下一个结果集

    cursor用来接收返回值的方法:
    fetchall(self):接收全部的返回结果行.
    fetchmany(self, size=None):接收size条返回结果行.如果size的值大于返回的结果行的数量,则会返回cursor.arraysize条数据.
    fetchone(self):返回一条结果行.
    scroll(self, value, mode='relative'):移动指针到某一行.如果mode='relative',则表示从当前所在行移动value条,如果 mode='absolute',则表示从结果集的第一行移动value条.
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  • 原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/mrdz/p/6021739.html
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