使用splice实现高效的代理服务器

很多网络应用场景下， 当原设备与目标设备无法直接建立连接时，这时就需要一台代理服务器进行中转。代理服务器只需要将来自源设备的报文 原封不动的转发给目标设备，而并不需要知道报文的具体内容。在这种情况下，服务器就没必要将客户端的报文读出来。每读取一次都需要从内核态到用户态的一次拷贝，在流量密集型的应用中，这样做显然很消耗服务器性能。而splice就是为了解决这个问题，它实现了不同文件描述符之间的0拷贝操作。关于splice函数的描述如下：

ssize_t splice(int fd_in, loff_t* off_in,int fd_out, loff_t* off_out, size_t len, unsigned int flags);

fd_in参数是带输入的文件描述符

off_in表示从输入数据流的何处开始读取数据，如果fd_in是管道文件描述符，则必须设置为NULL，表示从0开始

fd_out/off_out 表示输出的文件描述符与偏移

len表示要读取的长度

flags 标志，常用的两个标志SPLICE_F_NONBLOCK，表示非阻塞的splice操作，但要依赖于文件描述符本身的阻塞状态；SPLICE_F_MORE表示给内核一个提示，后续splice调用将读取更多数据

使用splice时，fd_in于fd_out必须至少有一个是管道文件描述符

下面给出一个demo，实现两个客户端之间的报文透传

服务器代码：

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/epoll.h>
#include <pthread.h>

#define MAX_EVENT_NUMBER 1024
#define BUFFER_SIZE 10

int connfd[2] = {0};

int setnonblocking( int fd )
{
    int old_option = fcntl( fd, F_GETFL );
    int new_option = old_option | O_NONBLOCK;
    fcntl( fd, F_SETFL, new_option );
    return old_option;
}

void addfd( int epollfd, int fd, bool enable_et )
{
    epoll_event event;
    event.data.fd = fd;
    event.events = EPOLLIN;
    if( enable_et )
    {
        event.events |= EPOLLET;
    }
    epoll_ctl( epollfd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, fd, &event );
    setnonblocking( fd );
}

void lt( epoll_event* events, int number, int epollfd, int listenfd )
{
    char buf[ BUFFER_SIZE ];
    for ( int i = 0; i < number; i++ )
    {
        int sockfd = events[i].data.fd;
        if ( sockfd == listenfd )
        {
            static int conntimes = 0;
            struct sockaddr_in client_address;
            socklen_t client_addrlength = sizeof( client_address );
            int fd = accept( listenfd, ( struct sockaddr* )&client_address, &client_addrlength );
            addfd( epollfd, fd, false );
            if(conntimes <= 1)
            {
                connfd[conntimes] = fd;
            }
            conntimes++;
            printf("new conn, %d
",fd);
        }
        else if ( events[i].events & EPOLLIN  )
        {
            int pipefd[2];
            pipe(pipefd);
            if(sockfd == connfd[0])
            {
                splice(connfd[0], NULL, pipefd[1], NULL, 4096,SPLICE_F_MORE);
                splice(pipefd[0], NULL, connfd[1], NULL, 4096,SPLICE_F_MORE);
            }
            else if(sockfd == connfd[1])
            {
                splice(connfd[1], NULL, pipefd[1], NULL, 4096,SPLICE_F_MORE); 
                splice(pipefd[0], NULL, connfd[0], NULL, 4096,SPLICE_F_MORE); 
            }
            else
            {
                int recvlen =  read(sockfd,buf,BUFFER_SIZE-1);
                buf[recvlen] = 0;
                printf("recv buf : %s
",buf);
            }
            close(pipefd[0]);
            close(pipefd[1]);
        }
        else
        {
            printf( "something else happened 
" );
        }
    }
}



int main( int argc, char* argv[] )
{
    if( argc <= 2 )
    {
        printf( "usage: %s ip_address port_number
", basename( argv[0] ) );
        return 1;
    }
    const char* ip = argv[1];
    int port = atoi( argv[2] );

    int ret = 0;
    struct sockaddr_in address;
    bzero( &address, sizeof( address ) );
    address.sin_family = AF_INET;
    inet_pton( AF_INET, ip, &address.sin_addr );
    address.sin_port = htons( port );

    int listenfd = socket( PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0 );
    assert( listenfd >= 0 );

    ret = bind( listenfd, ( struct sockaddr* )&address, sizeof( address ) );
    assert( ret != -1 );

    ret = listen( listenfd, 5 );
    assert( ret != -1 );

    epoll_event events[ MAX_EVENT_NUMBER ];
    int epollfd = epoll_create( 5 );
    assert( epollfd != -1 );
    addfd( epollfd, listenfd, true );

    while( 1 )
    {
        int ret = epoll_wait( epollfd, events, MAX_EVENT_NUMBER, -1 );
        if ( ret < 0 )
        {
            printf( "epoll failure
" );
            break;
        }
        lt( events, ret, epollfd, listenfd );
    }
    close( listenfd );
    return 0;
}

客户端代码：

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <poll.h>
#include <fcntl.h>


int connectserver(const char *ip, int port)
{
    int rcv_size = 0;
    size_t optlen = sizeof(int);
    struct sockaddr_in server_address;
    bzero( &server_address, sizeof( server_address ) );
    server_address.sin_family = AF_INET;
    inet_pton( AF_INET, ip, &server_address.sin_addr );
    server_address.sin_port = htons( port );
    int sockfd = socket( PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0 );
    assert( sockfd >= 0 );
    if ( connect( sockfd, ( struct sockaddr* )&server_address, sizeof( server_address ) ) < 0 )
    {
        printf( "connection failed
" );
        close( sockfd );
        return -1;
    }
    return sockfd;
}


int main( int argc, char* argv[] )
{
    if( argc <= 2 )
    {
        printf( "usage: %s ip_address port_number
",  argv[0]  );
        return 1;
    }
    const char* ip = argv[1];
    int port = atoi( argv[2] );
    int pipefd[2];
    pipe(pipefd);
    int sockfd = connectserver(ip,port);
    assert(sockfd >= 0);
    fd_set readsets;
    FD_ZERO(&readsets);
    while(1)
    {
        FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO,&readsets);
        FD_SET(sockfd, &readsets);
        int ret = select(sockfd+1 , &readsets,NULL,NULL,NULL);
        assert(ret >= 0);
        if(FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &readsets))
        {
            splice(STDIN_FILENO, NULL, pipefd[1], NULL, 4096,SPLICE_F_MORE); 
            splice(pipefd[0], NULL, sockfd, NULL, 4096,SPLICE_F_MORE); 
        }
        else if(FD_ISSET(sockfd,&readsets))
        {
            splice(sockfd, NULL, pipefd[1], NULL, 4096,SPLICE_F_MORE); 
            splice(pipefd[0], NULL, STDOUT_FILENO, NULL, 4096,SPLICE_F_MORE); 
        }
    }
    close(pipefd[0]);
    close(pipefd[1]);
    close(sockfd);
    return 1;
}