【ZJOI2017 Round1练习&BZOJ4765】D1T3 普通计算姬（主席树，分块）

题意：

思路：分块

使用树状数组维护sum[i]的前缀和

使用主席树维护root到u的路径上点的编号出现的个数

每次操作如果是修改就加入队列

如果是询问，考虑块内操作对询问的影响，每次在x点加上y会使x到root的点sum都加上y

每根号n次操作就暴力重构一次，清空队列并求出新的sum[i]的前缀和

var t:array[0..3100000]of record
                           l,r:longint;
                           s:int64;
                          end;
    sum,bit:array[0..310000]of int64;
    stk:array[0..310000,1..2]of longint;
    head,vet,next,fa,a:array[0..310000]of longint;
    root:array[0..1100000]of longint;
    n,m,x,y,i,j,top,tot,cnt,kuai,rt,op:longint;
    ans,tmp:int64;

procedure add(a,b:longint);
begin
 inc(tot);
 next[tot]:=head[a];
 vet[tot]:=b;
 head[a]:=tot;
end;

procedure pushup(p:longint);
begin
 t[p].s:=t[t[p].l].s+t[t[p].r].s;
end;

procedure update(l,r,x:longint;var p:longint);
var mid:longint;
begin
 inc(cnt); t[cnt]:=t[p];
 p:=cnt; inc(t[p].s);
 if l=r then exit;
 mid:=(l+r)>>1;
 if x<=mid then update(l,mid,x,t[p].l)
  else update(mid+1,r,x,t[p].r);
 pushup(p);
end;

function query(l,r,x,y,p:longint):int64;
var mid:longint;
begin
 if (l>=x)and(r<=y) then exit(t[p].s);
 mid:=(l+r)>>1;
 query:=0;
 if x<=mid then query:=query+query(l,mid,x,y,t[p].l);
 if y>mid then query:=query+query(mid+1,r,x,y,t[p].r);
 pushup(p);
end;

procedure dfs1(u:longint);
var e,v:longint;
begin
 root[u]:=root[fa[u]];
 update(1,n,u,root[u]);
 e:=head[u];
 while e<>0 do
 begin
  v:=vet[e];
  if v<>fa[u] then
  begin
   fa[v]:=u;
   dfs1(v);
  end;
  e:=next[e];
 end;
end;

procedure dfs2(u:longint);
var e,v:longint;
begin
 sum[u]:=a[u];
 e:=head[u];
 while e<>0 do
 begin
  v:=vet[e];
  if v<>fa[u] then
  begin
   dfs2(v);
   sum[u]:=sum[u]+sum[v];
  end;
  e:=next[e];
 end;
end;

function lowbit(x:longint):longint;
begin
 exit(x and (-x));
end;

procedure addbit(x:longint;y:int64);
begin
 while x<=n do
 begin
  bit[x]:=bit[x]+y;
  x:=x+lowbit(x);
 end;
end;

function querybit(x,y:longint):int64;
var k:longint;
begin
 k:=y;
 querybit:=0;
 while k>0 do
 begin
  querybit:=querybit+bit[k];
  k:=k-lowbit(k);
 end;
 k:=x-1;
 while k>0 do
 begin
  querybit:=querybit-bit[k];
  k:=k-lowbit(k);
 end;
end;

procedure build;
var i:longint;
begin
 for i:=1 to n do bit[i]:=0;
 for i:=1 to n do addbit(i,sum[i]);
end;

begin
 assign(input,'common.in'); reset(input);
 assign(output,'common.out'); rewrite(output);
 readln(n,m);
 kuai:=500;
 for i:=1 to n do read(a[i]);
 for i:=1 to n do
 begin
  readln(x,y);
  if x=0 then rt:=y
   else
   begin
    add(x,y);
    add(y,x);
   end;
 end;
 dfs1(rt);
 fillchar(head,sizeof(head),0);
 tot:=0;
 for i:=1 to n do
  if i<>rt then add(fa[i],i);
 dfs2(rt);
 build;

 for i:=1 to m do
 begin
  readln(op,x,y);
  if op=1 then
  begin
   inc(top); stk[top,1]:=x; stk[top,2]:=y-a[x];
   a[x]:=y;
  end
   else
   begin
    ans:=querybit(x,y);
    for j:=1 to top do
    begin
     tmp:=query(1,n,x,y,root[stk[j,1]]);
     ans:=ans+stk[j,2]*tmp;
    end;
    writeln(ans);
   end;
  if i mod kuai=0 then
  begin
   top:=0;
   dfs2(rt);
   build;
  end;
 end;
 close(input);
 close(output);
end.