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ASP.NET从零开始学习EF的增删改查

ASP.NET从零开始学习EF的增删改查

最近辞职了，但是离真正的离职还有一段时间，趁着这段空档期，总想着写些东西，想来想去，也不是很明确到底想写个啥，但是闲着也是够无聊的。思前想后，今天决定写一个简单的EF的增删改查给大家吧。本次教程，尽量少用控件，尽量做到，纯HTML+JS+后台代码。

好了，废话不说了，能看到这篇文章的，应该都是想知道EF的一些增删改查的操作，所以，应该也是知道EF的一些优点。鉴于也有可能有新手可能第一次使用，我就简略讲一下他的优点。EF的优点，本次讲到的就是，他对数据库的操作集成的非常简单，对指定的表操作的话，只需要一个简单的add或者remove即可，非常简洁。好下面就按着教程来，一步一步往下走。

这次，我们用的是DB first模式。

一、首先要做的事情，就是新建数据库了，这次我们用到的数据库名为：Student，表明为：User，下面的是数据库的生成操作：

USE [master]

/****** Object: Database [Student] Script Date: 05/20/2016 11:36:27 ******/

CREATE DATABASE [Student] ON PRIMARY

( NAME = N'Student', FILENAME = N'F:Jeffrey9061SVNDBStudent.mdf' , SIZE = 3072KB , MAXSIZE = UNLIMITED, FILEGROWTH = 1024KB )

LOG ON

( NAME = N'Student_log', FILENAME = N'F:Jeffrey9061SVNDBStudent_log.ldf' , SIZE = 1024KB , MAXSIZE = 2048GB , FILEGROWTH = 10%)

ALTER DATABASE [Student] SET COMPATIBILITY_LEVEL = 100

IF (1 = FULLTEXTSERVICEPROPERTY('IsFullTextInstalled'))

begin

EXEC [Student].[dbo].[sp_fulltext_database] @action = 'enable'

end

ALTER DATABASE [Student] SET ANSI_NULL_DEFAULT OFF

ALTER DATABASE [Student] SET ANSI_NULLS OFF

ALTER DATABASE [Student] SET ANSI_PADDING OFF

ALTER DATABASE [Student] SET ANSI_WARNINGS OFF

ALTER DATABASE [Student] SET ARITHABORT OFF

ALTER DATABASE [Student] SET AUTO_CLOSE OFF

ALTER DATABASE [Student] SET AUTO_CREATE_STATISTICS ON

ALTER DATABASE [Student] SET AUTO_SHRINK OFF

ALTER DATABASE [Student] SET AUTO_UPDATE_STATISTICS ON

ALTER DATABASE [Student] SET CURSOR_CLOSE_ON_COMMIT OFF

ALTER DATABASE [Student] SET CURSOR_DEFAULT GLOBAL

ALTER DATABASE [Student] SET CONCAT_NULL_YIELDS_NULL OFF

ALTER DATABASE [Student] SET NUMERIC_ROUNDABORT OFF

ALTER DATABASE [Student] SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER OFF

ALTER DATABASE [Student] SET RECURSIVE_TRIGGERS OFF

ALTER DATABASE [Student] SET DISABLE_BROKER

ALTER DATABASE [Student] SET AUTO_UPDATE_STATISTICS_ASYNC OFF

ALTER DATABASE [Student] SET DATE_CORRELATION_OPTIMIZATION OFF

ALTER DATABASE [Student] SET TRUSTWORTHY OFF

ALTER DATABASE [Student] SET ALLOW_SNAPSHOT_ISOLATION OFF

ALTER DATABASE [Student] SET PARAMETERIZATION SIMPLE

ALTER DATABASE [Student] SET READ_COMMITTED_SNAPSHOT OFF

ALTER DATABASE [Student] SET HONOR_BROKER_PRIORITY OFF

ALTER DATABASE [Student] SET READ_WRITE

ALTER DATABASE [Student] SET RECOVERY FULL

ALTER DATABASE [Student] SET MULTI_USER

ALTER DATABASE [Student] SET PAGE_VERIFY CHECKSUM

ALTER DATABASE [Student] SET DB_CHAINING OFF

EXEC sys.sp_db_vardecimal_storage_format N'Student', N'ON'

USE [Student]

/****** Object: Table [dbo].[User] Script Date: 05/20/2016 11:36:27 ******/

SET ANSI_NULLS ON

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[User](

[ID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,

[Name] [nvarchar](50) NULL,

[Age] [int] NULL,

[Sex] [nvarchar](50) NULL,

CONSTRAINT [PK_User] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED

(

[ID] ASC

)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]

) ON [PRIMARY]

二、新建一个asp.net的Web站点，命名为：LMX.EF.Web，如下图：

选择空模板

二、添加EF的ADO.NET实体数据模型，如下图：

命名为：Student

点击：新建连接

填写本地SQL数据库的链接，然后选择：Student数据库，如下：

点击“确定”

点击：“下一步”

选择“6.x”，这里，如果你们用的是VS2013，选“5.0”也一样。

然后点击“完成”。如下图：

添加实体类数据模型到此结束。

三、添加增删改查页面。

1，增加add.aspx

2，修改edit.aspx

3，列表list.aspx（包含搜索和删除）

四、代码实现

add.aspx 前端：

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="add.aspx.cs" Inherits="LMX.EF.Web.add" %>

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
    <title>增加用户</title>
    <script src="js/jquery-1.8.3.min.js"></script>
    <style type="text/css">
        /*  表格的样式*/
        .tab {
            border-collapse: collapse;
            padding-top: 10px;
            padding-left: 0px;
            padding-right: 0px;
            margin: 0px;
            border: 1px solid #BDBCBC;
        }

        .tr {
            border-collapse: collapse;
            height: 30px;
        }

        .td {
            background-color: #fff;
            font-size: 14px;
            font-family: "微软雅黑";
            text-align: center;
            border-right: 1px solid #BDBCBC;
            border-bottom: 1px dashed #BDBCBC;
        }
    </style>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        $(function () {
            $("#btnSubmit").click(function () {
                var vData = $("#form1").serialize();
                $.ajax({
                    type: 'get',
                    url: location.href + "?type=add",
                    data: vData,
                    success: function (msg) {
                        alert(msg);
                    }
                })
            });
            $("#btnList").click(function () {
                window.location.href = "list.aspx";
            });
        })
    </script>
</head>
<body>
    <form id="form1">
        <table class="tab">

            <tr class="tr">
                <td class="td">姓名</td>
                <td class="td">
                    <input type="text" name="Name" />
                </td>
            </tr>
            <tr class="tr">
                <td class="td">年龄</td>
                <td class="td">
                    <input type="text" name="Age" />

                </td>
            </tr>
            <tr class="tr">
                <td class="td">性别</td>
                <td class="td">
                    <input type="text" name="Sex" />
                </td>
            </tr>
            <tr class="tr">
                <td class="td">
                    <input type="button" id="btnList" value="返回列表" />
                </td>
                <td class="td">
                    <input type="button" id="btnSubmit" value="确认提交" />
                </td>
            </tr>
        </table>
    </form>
</body>
</html>

后端：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;

namespace LMX.EF.Web
{
    public partial class add : System.Web.UI.Page
    {
        protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (!IsPostBack)
            {
                if (Request.QueryString["type"] == "add")
                {
                    string strName = Request.QueryString["Name"];
                    string strAge = Request.QueryString["Age"];
                    string strSex = Request.QueryString["Sex"];
                    using (StudentEntities ent = new StudentEntities())
                    {
                        User aNewUser = new User()
                        {
                            Age = 20,
                            Name = strName,
                            Sex = strSex
                        };
                        ent.User.Add(aNewUser);
                        if (ent.SaveChanges() > 0)
                        {
                            Response.Write("添加成功。");
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            Response.Write("添加失败。");
                        }
                        Response.End();
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

list.aspx 前端：

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="list.aspx.cs" Inherits="LMX.EF.Web.list" %>

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
    <title>列表</title>
    <script src="js/jquery-1.8.3.min.js"></script>
    <style type="text/css">
        /*  表格的样式*/
        .tab {
            border-collapse: collapse;
            padding-top: 10px;
            padding-left: 0px;
            padding-right: 0px;
            margin: 0px;
            border: 1px solid #BDBCBC;
        }

        .tr {
            border-collapse: collapse;
            height: 30px;
        }

        .td {
            background-color: #fff;
            font-size: 14px;
            font-family: "微软雅黑";
            text-align: center;
            border-right: 1px solid #BDBCBC;
            border-bottom: 1px dashed #BDBCBC;
        }
    </style>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        $(function () {
            loadData();
            //编辑用户
            $("#btnEdit").click(function () {
                var vID = $("#UserID").val();
                if (vID == "" || vID == null) {
                    alert("请输入用户编号。");
                    return;
                }
                window.location.href = "edit.aspx?id=" + vID;
            });
            //删除用户
            $("#btnDel").click(function () {
                var vID = $("#UserID").val();
                if (vID == "" || vID == null) {
                    alert("请输入用户编号。");
                    return;
                }
                $.ajax({
                    type: 'post',
                    url: location.href + "?type=del&&id="+vID,
                    success: function (data) {
                        alert(data);
                        loadData();
                    }
                })
            });
            //继续添加
            $("#btnAdd").click(function () {
                window.location.href = "add.aspx";
            });
        })
        //获取用户列表
        function loadData() {
            var vHead = "<tr class="tr"><td class="td">编号</td><td class="td">姓名</td><td class="td">年龄</td><td class="td">性别</td></tr>";
            $.ajax({
                type: 'get',
                url: location.href + "?type=loadData",
                success: function (data) {
                    if (data != null) {
                        data = JSON.parse(data);
                        for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
                            vHead += "<tr class="tr"><td class="td">" + data[i].ID + "</td><td class="td">" + data[i].Name + "</td><td class="td">" + data[i].Age + "</td><td class="td">" + data[i].Sex + "</td></tr>";
                        }
                    }
                    $("#tabList").html(vHead);
                }
            })
        }
    </script>
</head>
<body>
    <table class="tab" id="tabList">
        <tr class="tr">
            <td class="td">编号</td>
            <td class="td">姓名</td>
            <td class="td">年龄</td>
            <td class="td">性别</td>
        </tr>
    </table>
    <br />
    <input type="button" id="btnAdd" value="继续添加" />
    <br />
    用户编号：<input type="text" id="UserID" /><input type="button" id="btnEdit" value="编辑" /><input type="button" id="btnDel" value="删除" />
</body>
</html>

后端：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Script.Serialization;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;

namespace LMX.EF.Web
{
    public partial class list : System.Web.UI.Page
    {
        protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (!IsPostBack)
            {
                if (Request.QueryString["type"] == "loadData")
                {
                    using (StudentEntities ent = new StudentEntities())
                    {
                        List<User> userList = ent.User.ToList();
                        JavaScriptSerializer js = new JavaScriptSerializer();
                        string strJsonData = js.Serialize(userList);
                        Response.Write(strJsonData);
                        Response.End();
                    }
                }
                if (Request.QueryString["type"] == "del")
                {
                    string strID = Request.QueryString["id"];
                    int iID = int.Parse(strID);
                    using (StudentEntities ent = new StudentEntities())
                    {
                        User aUser = (from c in ent.User where c.ID == iID select c).FirstOrDefault();
                        if (aUser != null)
                        {

                            ent.User.Remove(aUser);
                            if (ent.SaveChanges() > 0)
                            {
                                Response.Write("删除成功。");
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                Response.Write("删除失败。");
                            }
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            Response.Write("不存在此用户，请确认用户ID是否正确。");
                        }
                        Response.End();
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

edit.aspx 前端：

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="edit.aspx.cs" Inherits="LMX.EF.Web.edit" %>

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
    <title>编辑</title>
    <script src="js/jquery-1.8.3.min.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        $(function () {
            $("#btnList").click(function () {
                window.location.href = "list.aspx";
            });
        })
    </script>
</head>
<body>
    <form id="form1" runat="server">
        <table class="tab">

            <tr class="tr">
                <td class="td">姓名</td>
                <td class="td">
                    <asp:TextBox ID="Name" runat="server"></asp:TextBox>
                    <asp:TextBox ID="id" runat="server" Visible="False"></asp:TextBox>
                </td>
            </tr>
            <tr class="tr">
                <td class="td">年龄</td>
                <td class="td">
                    <asp:TextBox ID="Age" runat="server"></asp:TextBox>
                </td>
            </tr>
            <tr class="tr">
                <td class="td">性别</td>
                <td class="td">
                    <asp:TextBox ID="Sex" runat="server"></asp:TextBox>
                </td>
            </tr>
            <tr class="tr">
                <td class="td">
                    <input type="button" id="btnList" value="返回列表" />
                </td>
                <td class="td">
                    <asp:Button ID="btnSubmit" runat="server" Text="确认提交" OnClick="btnSubmit_Click" />
                </td>
            </tr>
        </table>
    </form>
</body>
</html>

后端：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;

namespace LMX.EF.Web
{
    public partial class edit : System.Web.UI.Page
    {
        protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            
            if (!IsPostBack)
            {
                string strID = Request.QueryString["id"];
                int iID = int.Parse(strID);
                using (StudentEntities ent = new StudentEntities())
                {
                    User aUser = (from c in ent.User where c.ID == iID select c).FirstOrDefault();
                    if (aUser != null)
                    {
                        Name.Text = aUser.Name;
                        Age.Text = aUser.Age.ToString();
                        Sex.Text = aUser.Sex;
                        id.Text = strID;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 提交修改
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        protected void btnSubmit_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            string strName = Name.Text;
            string strAge = Age.Text;
            string strSex = Sex.Text;
            string strID = id.Text;
            int iID = int.Parse(strID);
            using (StudentEntities ent = new StudentEntities())
            {
                User aUser = (from c in ent.User where c.ID == iID select c).FirstOrDefault();
                if (aUser != null)
                {
                    aUser.Name = strName;
                    aUser.Age = 20;
                    aUser.Sex = strSex;
                    if (ent.SaveChanges() > 0)
                    {
                        Response.Write("<script>alert('修改成功。')</script>");
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

到这里，就大功告成啦，接下来的东西，就由大家自己去展开拓展了，本次经验分享到此结束，如果觉得写得不错，或者对你有帮助，请点“好文要顶”或者“关注我”，转载请保留原作者地址以及姓名。

我新建一个QQ群，如果有问题，可以在群里提。如果合适，也会根据大家提的比较多的问题，来写篇博文，帮助更多的人，群号：275523437

点击链接加入群【.Net,MVC,EasyUI,MUI,Html,JS】：http://jq.qq.com/?_wv=1027&k=2A0RbLd

（如果有私活，或者一起合作的，也可以私信找我呀，嘿嘿）；

作者：南宫萧尘

E-mail：314791147@qq.com

QQ：314791147

日期：2016-05-20

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/nangong/p/db29669e2c6d72fb3d0da947280aa1ce.html