自定义Excel导出简易组件

1.组件原理

   excel的数据存储是以xml格式存储的，所以导出Excel文件可以通过生成XML来实现。当然XML必须符合一定的格式要求。

2.组件实现

（1）新建类库文件“MyExcel”

（2）添加类型“WorkBook”，这里指Excel的工作表。

namespace MyExcel
{
    public class WorkBook
    {
        private StringBuilder excelstr;
        private List<WorkSheet> sheets;
        public WorkBook()
        {
            this.excelstr = new StringBuilder();
            this.sheets = new List<WorkSheet>();
        }
        public WorkSheet CreateSheet(string title)
        {
            if (sheets == null)
            {
                throw new Exception("只有先构建WorkBook对象后才能构建WorkSheet对象！");
            }
            foreach (WorkSheet sht in sheets)
            {
                if (sht.Title.ToLower() == title.ToLower())
                {
                    throw new Exception("已经有名称为：" + title + " 的Sheet");
                }
            }
            WorkSheet wsheeet = new WorkSheet(title);
            this.sheets.Add(wsheeet);
            return wsheeet;
        }
        private string WriteWorkBook()
        {
            if (sheets == null || sheets.Count < 1)
            {
                throw new Exception("只有先构建WorkBook对象后才能构建行对象！");
            }
            excelstr.Append("<?xml version="1.0"?>
");
            excelstr.Append("<?mso-application progid="Excel.Sheet"?>
");
            excelstr.Append("<Workbook xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet"
");
            excelstr.Append("xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office"
");
            excelstr.Append("xmlns:x="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel"
");
            excelstr.Append("xmlns:ss="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet"
");
            excelstr.Append("xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40">
");
            excelstr.Append("<DocumentProperties xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office">
");
            excelstr.Append("<Created>2006-09-16T00:00:00Z</Created>
");
            excelstr.Append("<LastSaved>2015-07-07T05:50:29Z</LastSaved>
");
            excelstr.Append("<Version>14.00</Version>
");
            excelstr.Append("</DocumentProperties>
");
            excelstr.Append("<OfficeDocumentSettings xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office">
");
            excelstr.Append("<AllowPNG/>
");
            excelstr.Append("<RemovePersonalInformation/>
");
            excelstr.Append("</OfficeDocumentSettings>
");
            excelstr.Append("<ExcelWorkbook xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel">
");
            excelstr.Append("<WindowHeight>8010</WindowHeight>
");
            excelstr.Append("<WindowWidth>14805</WindowWidth>
");
            excelstr.Append("<WindowTopX>240</WindowTopX>
");
            excelstr.Append("<WindowTopY>105</WindowTopY>
");
            excelstr.Append("<ProtectStructure>False</ProtectStructure>
");
            excelstr.Append("<ProtectWindows>False</ProtectWindows>
");
            excelstr.Append("</ExcelWorkbook>
");
            excelstr.Append("<Styles>
");
            excelstr.Append("<Style ss:ID="Default" ss:Name="Normal">
");
            excelstr.Append("<Alignment ss:Vertical="Bottom"/>
");
            excelstr.Append("<Borders/>
");
            excelstr.Append("<Font ss:FontName="宋体" x:CharSet="134" ss:Size="11" ss:Color="#000000"/>
");
            excelstr.Append("<Interior/>
");
            excelstr.Append("<NumberFormat/>
");
            excelstr.Append("<Protection/>
");
            excelstr.Append("</Style>
");
            excelstr.Append("<Style ss:ID="s64">
");
            excelstr.Append("<Alignment ss:Horizontal="Center" ss:Vertical="Center"/>
");
            excelstr.Append("<Font ss:FontName="宋体" x:CharSet="134" ss:Size="11" ss:Color="#000000"
");
            excelstr.Append("ss:Bold="1"/>
");
            excelstr.Append("</Style>
");
            excelstr.Append("</Styles>
");
            foreach (WorkSheet item in sheets)
            {
                excelstr.Append(item.WriteSheet());
            }
            excelstr.Append("</Workbook>
");
            return excelstr.ToString();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Write Data To Stream.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="ms"></param>
        public void WriteStream(Stream ms)
        {
            try
            {
                string msg = WriteWorkBook();
                byte[] buffer = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(msg);
                ms.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);

            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                throw new Exception("写入流错误");
            }

        }
    }
}

（3）添加类型“WorkSheet”，这里指Excel的工作簿。

namespace MyExcel
{
    public class WorkSheet
    {
        private List<Row> rowcollection;
        private string title = "";
        internal WorkSheet(string title)
        {
            this.title = title;
            this.rowcollection = new List<Row>();
        }
        internal string Title
        { get { return title; } }
        public Row CreateRow()
        {
            Row _row = new Row();
            if (this.rowcollection == null)
            {
                throw new Exception("只有先构建Sheet对象后才能构建行对象！");
            }
            rowcollection.Add(_row);
            return _row;
        }

        internal string WriteSheet()
        {
            if (rowcollection == null || rowcollection.Count < 1)
            {
                throw new Exception("未添加行(Row)对象");    
            }
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            sb.Append(string.Format("<Worksheet ss:Name="{0}">
", title));
            sb.Append("<Table ss:ExpandedColumnCount="200" ss:ExpandedRowCount="65535" x:FullColumns="1"
");
            sb.Append("x:FullRows="1" ss:DefaultColumnWidth="54" ss:DefaultRowHeight="13.5">
");

            foreach (Row _row in rowcollection)
            {
                sb.Append(_row.WriteRow());
            }
            sb.Append("</Table>
");
            sb.Append("<WorksheetOptions xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel">
");
            sb.Append("<PageSetup>
");
            sb.Append("<Header x:Margin="0.3"/>
");
            sb.Append("<Footer x:Margin="0.3"/>
");
            sb.Append("<PageMargins x:Bottom="0.75" x:Left="0.7" x:Right="0.7" x:Top="0.75"/>
");
            sb.Append("</PageSetup>
");
            sb.Append("<Print>
");
            sb.Append("<ValidPrinterInfo/>
");
            sb.Append("<PaperSizeIndex>9</PaperSizeIndex>
");
            sb.Append("<HorizontalResolution>600</HorizontalResolution>
");
            sb.Append("<VerticalResolution>600</VerticalResolution>
");
            sb.Append("</Print>
");
            sb.Append("<Selected/>
");
            sb.Append("<ProtectObjects>False</ProtectObjects>
");
            sb.Append("<ProtectScenarios>False</ProtectScenarios>
");
            sb.Append("</WorksheetOptions>
");
            sb.Append("</Worksheet>
");
            return sb.ToString();
        }

    }
}

（4）添加类型“Row”，这里指Sheet中的行。

namespace MyExcel
{
    public class Row
    {
        private List<string> cells;
        private List<string> headers;
        internal Row()
        {
            this.cells = new List<string>();
            this.headers = new List<string>();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 添加列
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="value"></param>
        public void AddCell(string value)
        {
            cells.Add(value);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 添加标题
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="title"></param>
        public void AddHeader(string title)
        {
            this.headers.Add(title);
        }
        internal string WriteRow()
        {
            if (cells == null)
            {
                if (headers == null)
                {
                    throw new Exception("无单元格,请创建单元格");
                }
                else
                {
                    if (headers.Count < 1)
                    {
                        throw new Exception("无单元格,请创建单元格");
                    }
                }
            }
            else
            {
                if (headers == null)
                {
                    if (cells.Count < 1)
                    {
                        throw new Exception("无单元格,请创建单元格");
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    if (headers.Count < 1&&cells.Count<1)
                    {
                        throw new Exception("无单元格,请创建单元格");
                    }
                }
            }
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            if (headers!=null&&headers.Count>0)
            {
                sb.Append("<Row>
");
                foreach (string item in headers)
                {
                    sb.Append(string.Format("<Cell ss:StyleID="s64"><Data ss:Type="String">{0}</Data></Cell>
", item));
                }
                sb.Append("</Row>
");
            }
            if (cells != null && cells.Count > 0)
            {
                sb.Append("<Row>
");
                foreach (string item in cells)
                {
                    sb.Append(string.Format("<Cell><Data ss:Type="String">{0}</Data></Cell>
", item));
                }
                sb.Append("</Row>
");
            }
            return sb.ToString();
        }

    }


}

（5）编译类库文件，生成“MyExcel.dll”文件。

3.组件使用

添加引用，"MyExcel.dll"

  （1）web程序使用

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using MyExcel;
using System.IO;


public partial class Default1 : System.Web.UI.Page
{
    protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        Response.Clear();
        Response.ClearHeaders();
        Response.Buffer = true;
        WorkBook wb = new WorkBook();//创建工作表
        for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++)
        {
            WorkSheet ws = wb.CreateSheet("sheet"+(j+1));//创建工作簿
            Row r = ws.CreateRow();//创建ws的行
            r.AddHeader("Name");//添加标题列
            r.AddHeader("Sex");//添加标题列
            r.AddHeader("Address");//添加标题列

            for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
            {
                r = ws.CreateRow();//又创建一新行
                r.AddCell("name" + (i + 1));//添加列
                r.AddCell("sex" + (i + 1));//添加列
                r.AddCell("address" + (i + 1));//添加列
            }
        }

        MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
        wb.WriteStream(ms);//将xml数据写入内存流
        byte[] buffer = ms.ToArray();
        ms.Close();
        //文件下载代码
        Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=aa.xls");
        Response.AddHeader("Contnet-Length", buffer.Length.ToString());
        Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel;charset=utf-8";
        Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("shift-jis");
        Response.BinaryWrite(buffer);
    }
}

  （2）控制台程序

namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
             //构造工作表对象
            WorkBook wb = new WorkBook();
            //创建当前工作表的工作簿对象
            WorkSheet ws = wb.CreateSheet("sheet1");
            //创建当前工作簿的行对象
            Row r = ws.CreateRow();
            //当前行添加标题列
            r.AddHeader("Name");
            r.AddHeader("Sex");
            r.AddHeader("Address");
            for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
            {
               //创建新行
                r = ws.CreateRow();
               //添加新行的列
                r.AddCell("name" + (i + 1));
                r.AddCell("sex" + (i + 1));
                r.AddCell("address" + (i + 1));
            }
            MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
            //将数据写入内存流
            wb.WriteStream(ms);
            byte[] buffer = ms.ToArray();
            FileStream fs = new FileStream(@"c:/aaa.xls", FileMode.Create, FileAccess.ReadWrite);
            ms.Close();
            fs.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
            fs.Flush();
            fs.Close();
            Console.Read();

        }
    }
}