Window服务是啥,这里就不废话了,如何用在哪里用也不废话了,这里我这篇文章只是详述了我在vs2012中创建window服务的经过,希望对你有所帮助。
另外:我在编写服务过程中参考了 Professional C# 2012 and .NET 4.5
第一步,创建一个解决方案名称MonitoringFish
不废话,你肯定会,会的直接去下一步。如果真的不会请继续看
第二步添加服务用的类库项目Sensor
并添加类文件QuoteException.cs和SensorFish.cs
这两个类的功能并不重要,主要是给服务类用的,你也可以写自己的类文件,或者干脆不要,直接在服务类里边写逻辑代码
QuoteException.cs代码如下:
1 using System; 2 using System.Collections.Generic; 3 using System.Linq; 4 using System.Text; 5 6 namespace Sensor 7 { 8 /// <summary> 9 /// 自定义异常 10 /// </summary> 11 [Serializable] 12 class QuoteException : Exception 13 { 14 public QuoteException() { } 15 public QuoteException(string message) : base(message) { } 16 public QuoteException(string message, Exception inner) : base(message, inner) { } 17 protected QuoteException( 18 System.Runtime.Serialization.SerializationInfo info, 19 System.Runtime.Serialization.StreamingContext context) 20 : base(info, context) { } 21 } 22 }
SensorFish.cs代码如下:
1 using System; 2 using System.Collections.Generic; 3 using System.Linq; 4 using System.Text; 5 using System.IO; 6 using System.Net; 7 using System.Net.Sockets; 8 using System.Threading.Tasks; 9 using System.Diagnostics.Contracts; 10 using System.Diagnostics; 11 12 namespace Sensor 13 { 14 /// <summary> 15 /// 传感器监测 16 /// </summary> 17 public class SensorFish 18 { 19 20 21 private TcpListener listener; 22 private int port;//端口号 23 private string filename; 24 private List<string> quotes; 25 private Random random; 26 private Task listenerTask; 27 28 /// <summary> 29 /// 传感器控制类 30 /// </summary> 31 public SensorFish() 32 : this("quotes.txt") 33 { 34 35 } 36 37 /// <summary> 38 /// 传感器控制类 39 /// </summary> 40 /// <param name="fileName"></param> 41 public SensorFish(string fileName) 42 : this(fileName, 7890) 43 { 44 45 } 46 47 /// <summary> 48 /// 传感器控制类 49 /// </summary> 50 /// <param name="fileName"></param> 51 /// <param name="port"></param> 52 public SensorFish(string fileName, int port) 53 { 54 //Contract.Requires<ArgumentNullException>(fileName != null); 55 //Contract.Requires<ArgumentException>(port >= IPEndPoint.MinPort && port <= IPEndPoint.MaxPort); 56 this.filename = fileName; 57 this.port = port; 58 } 59 60 protected void ReadQuotes() 61 { 62 try 63 { 64 quotes = File.ReadAllLines(filename).ToList(); 65 if (quotes.Count == 0) 66 { 67 throw new QuoteException("quotes file is empty"); 68 } 69 random = new Random(); 70 } 71 catch (IOException ex) 72 { 73 throw new QuoteException("I/O Error", ex); 74 } 75 } 76 77 protected string GetRandomQuoteOfTheDay() 78 { 79 int index = random.Next(0, quotes.Count); 80 return quotes[index]; 81 } 82 83 84 /// <summary> 85 /// 开启服务 86 /// </summary> 87 public void Start() 88 { 89 ReadQuotes(); //读取文件 90 listenerTask = Task.Factory.StartNew(Listener, TaskCreationOptions.LongRunning);//异步方法调用 91 } 92 93 private void Listener() 94 { 95 try 96 { 97 IPAddress ipAddress = IPAddress.Any;//提供一个ip地址,只是服务器应侦听所有网络接口上的客户端活动。此字段为只读 98 listener = new TcpListener(ipAddress, port);//指定在本地的IP地址和端口号上侦听是否有传入的连接尝试 99 listener.Start();//开始侦听传入的连接请求 100 while (true) 101 { 102 Socket clientSocket = listener.AcceptSocket();//接受关起的连接请求 103 string message = GetRandomQuoteOfTheDay(); 104 var encoder = new UnicodeEncoding(); 105 byte[] buffer = encoder.GetBytes(message); 106 clientSocket.Send(buffer, buffer.Length, 0);//将指定的字节数发送到已连接的Socket 107 clientSocket.Close();//关闭Socket,并释放所有的关联的资源 108 } 109 } 110 catch (SocketException ex) 111 { 112 Trace.TraceError(string.Format("QuoteServer {0}", ex.Message)); 113 throw new QuoteException("socket error", ex); 114 } 115 } 116 117 118 /// <summary> 119 /// 停止服务 120 /// </summary> 121 public void Stop() 122 { 123 listener.Stop();//关闭侦听 124 } 125 126 /// <summary> 127 /// 暂定服务 128 /// </summary> 129 public void Suspend() 130 { 131 listener.Stop(); 132 } 133 134 /// <summary> 135 /// 重新开始服务 136 /// </summary> 137 public void Resume() 138 { 139 Start(); 140 } 141 142 /// <summary> 143 /// 重启 144 /// </summary> 145 public void RefreshSensor() 146 { 147 ReadQuotes(); 148 } 149 } 150 }
第三步添加控制台应用程序SensorServiceTest
这里要说下为什么添加这个控制台程序了。
因为在开发过程中要对Sensor项目进行调试,为了方便用 SensorServiceTest承载这个类库,作为服务使用。在第四步的程序中将会调用这个服务,以便验证Sensor中的各个类功能是否正常。
直接主函数中加入代码,如下:
1 /// <summary> 2 /// 服务测试程序 3 /// </summary> 4 class Program 5 { 6 static void Main(string[] args) 7 { 8 9 var qs = new SensorFish("Quotes.txt", 4567); 10 qs.Start(); 11 Console.WriteLine("Hit return to exit"); 12 Console.ReadLine(); 13 qs.Stop(); 14 } 15 }
第四步添加wpf应用程序项目ServiceTestClicent
用于配合第三步创建服务测试Sensor项目,请注意配置项目属性页的【设置】选项卡的键值如下图所示
这个项目中我创建了一个MainWindow.xaml文件和QuoteInformation.cs类用于客户端程序的调用,当然在创建wpf项目时候自动生成了app.config(非必须)和App.xaml(必须)
xaml文件代码如下:
1 <Window x:Class="ServiceTestClicent.MainWindow" 2 xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" 3 xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" 4 Title="MainWindow" Height="200" Width="300"> 5 <Grid> 6 <Grid.RowDefinitions> 7 <RowDefinition Height="*" MinHeight="30"></RowDefinition> 8 <RowDefinition Height="3*"></RowDefinition> 9 </Grid.RowDefinitions> 10 11 <Button Margin="3" VerticalAlignment="Stretch" Grid.Row="0" Background="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.ActiveCaptionBrushKey}}" 12 IsEnabled="{Binding EnableRequset}" Click="OnGetQuote" >Get Quote</Button> 13 <TextBlock Margin="6" Grid.Row="1" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="{Binding Quote}" /> 14 </Grid> 15 </Window>
1 using System; 2 using System.Net.Sockets; 3 using System.Text; 4 using System.Windows; 5 using System.Windows.Input; 6 7 namespace ServiceTestClicent 8 { 9 /// <summary> 10 /// MainWindow.xaml 的交互逻辑 11 /// </summary> 12 public partial class MainWindow : Window 13 { 14 private QuoteInformation quoteInfo = new QuoteInformation(); 15 public MainWindow() 16 { 17 InitializeComponent(); 18 this.DataContext = quoteInfo; 19 } 20 21 private async void OnGetQuote(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) 22 { 23 const int bufferSize = 1024; 24 Cursor currentCursor = this.Cursor; //代表用于鼠标指针的图像 25 quoteInfo.EnableRequest = false; 26 27 string serverName = Properties.Settings.Default.ServerName; //url 28 int port = Properties.Settings.Default.PortNumber;//端口 29 var client = new TcpClient();// 30 NetworkStream stream = null; 31 try 32 { 33 await client.ConnectAsync(serverName, port); 34 stream = client.GetStream(); 35 byte[] buffer = new Byte[bufferSize]; 36 int received = await stream.ReadAsync(buffer, 0, bufferSize); 37 if (received <= 0) 38 { 39 return; 40 } 41 42 quoteInfo.Quote = Encoding.Unicode.GetString(buffer).Trim('