https://blog.csdn.net/qq_21987433/article/details/79753551
https://tech.meituan.com/mysql_index.html
https://www.cnblogs.com/songwenjie/p/9409852.html
索引失效的情况
1. 在字段上使用函数
2. is null
3. 否定形式不能用索引
<> 、!= 、NOT IN
4. 使用 OR
5. like '%a'
× SELECT * FROM SomeTable WHERE col_1 LIKE '%a';
× SELECT * FROM SomeTable WHERE col_1 LIKE '%a%';
○ SELECT * FROM SomeTable WHERE col_1 LIKE 'a%';
6. 进行默认的类型转换